Setaria verticillata

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Setaria verticillata
Setaria verticillata W IMG 1083.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Genus: Setaria
Species:
S. verticillata
Binomial name
Setaria verticillata
Synonyms [1]
List
  • Chaetochloa ambigua(Guss.) Scribn. & Merr.
  • Chaetochloa verticillata(L.) Scribn.
  • Chaetochloa verticillata var. breviseta(Mutel) Farw.
  • Chamaeraphis italica var. ambigua(Guss.) Kuntze
  • Chamaeraphis verticillata(L.) Porter
  • Ixophorus verticillatus(L.) Nash
  • Panicum ambiguum(Guss.) Hausskn. nom. illeg.
  • Panicum asperumLam.
  • Panicum decipiens(F.W.Schultz) E.H.L.Krause nom. illeg.
  • Panicum floribundumWilld. ex Spreng. nom. inval.
  • Panicum italicumUcria nom. illeg.
  • Panicum rudeLam. ex Steud. nom. inval.
  • Panicum verticillatumL.
  • Panicum verticillatum var. ambiguumGuss.
  • Panicum virideDesf. nom. illeg.
  • Pennisetum verticillatum(L.) R.Br.
  • Setaria adhaerens var. ambigua(Guss.) Belo-Corr.
  • Setaria adhaerens var. antrorsa(A.Braun) H.Scholz
  • Setaria adhaerens subsp. verticillata(L.) Belo-Corr.
  • Setaria ambigua(Guss.) Guss. nom. illeg.
  • Setaria asperaLink ex G.Don
  • Setaria carneiHitchc.
  • Setaria conglomerataFr. ex Schltdl.
  • Setaria decipiensF.W.Schultz
  • Setaria decipiensSchimp. ex Morariu nom. illeg.
  • Setaria decipiens f. latifolia(Freyn) Soó
  • Setaria decipiens f. major(Bujor.) Soó
  • Setaria decipiens subf. ramiflora(Bujor.) Soó
  • Setaria decipiens var. schulteissii(Zimm.) Morariu
  • Setaria decipiens f. schultheissii(Zimm.) Soó
  • Setaria floribundaSpreng.
  • Setaria gussoneiKerguélen
  • Setaria leiantha f. subhirsutaHack.
  • Setaria nubicaLink
  • Setaria panicea(L.) Schinz & Thell.
  • Setaria pratensisPhil.
  • Setaria pseudoverticillataSchltdl. nom. inval.
  • Setaria teysmanniiMiq.
  • Setaria verticilliformisDumort.
  • Setaria verticillata subsp. ambigua(Guss.) Arcang.
  • Setaria verticillata var. ambigua(Guss.) Parl.
  • Setaria verticillata f. ambigua(Guss.) B.Boivin
  • Setaria verticillata f. arenosa(Schur) Morariu
  • Setariopsis verticillata(L.) Samp.
  • Setaria viridis subsp. ambigua(Guss.) K.Richt.

Setaria verticillata is a species of grass known by the common names hooked bristlegrass, [2] rough bristle-grass [3] and bristly foxtail. It is native to Europe, but it is known on most continents as an introduced species and often a noxious weed. It is a hardy bunchgrass which grows in many types of urban, cultivated, and disturbed habitat. It is a weed of many types of agricultural crops, growing in vineyards and fields. Herbicide-resistant strains have been noted. [4]

This is an annual grass with decumbent or erect stems growing up to a meter long. The leaf blades are up to 25 centimeters long and have a long sheath around the stem. The inflorescence is a dense panicle up to 15 centimeters long which tapers at both ends. It contains many small spikelets and bristles. The bristles have tiny backwards-pointing barbs that help them hook onto clothing or animal fur, facilitating their dispersal. [4]

Seeds of the grass are used to make beer in South Africa and porridge in Namibia. [4] They have been used as a famine food in India. [5]

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References

  1. "Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
  2. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Setaria verticillata". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  3. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. 1 2 3 ISSG Database
  5. Purdue: Famine Foods