"Labyrinthodontia" is an informal grouping of extinct predatory amphibians which were major components of ecosystems in the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. Traditionally considered a subclass of the class Amphibia, modern classification systems recognize that labyrinthodonts are not a formal natural group (clade) exclusive of other tetrapods. Instead, they consistute an evolutionary grade, ancestral to living tetrapods such as lissamphibians and amniotes. "Labyrinthodont"-grade vertebrates evolved from lobe-finned fishes in the Devonian, though a formal boundary between fish and amphibian is difficult to define at this point in time.
Sichuanese or Szechwanese (simplified Chinese: 四川话; traditional Chinese: 四川話; Sichuanese Pinyin: Si4cuan1hua4; pinyin: Sìchuānhuà; Wade–Giles: Szŭ4-ch'uan1-hua4), also called Sichuanese/Szechwanese Mandarin (simplified Chinese: 四川官话; traditional Chinese: 四川官話; pinyin: Sìchuān Guānhuà) is a branch of Southwestern Mandarin spoken mainly in Sichuan and Chongqing, which was part of Sichuan Province until 1997, and the adjacent regions of their neighboring provinces, such as Hubei, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan and Shaanxi. Although "Sichuanese" is often synonymous with the Chengdu-Chongqing dialect, there is still a great amount of diversity among the Sichuanese dialects, some of which are mutually unintelligible with each other. In addition, because Sichuanese is the lingua franca in Sichuan, Chongqing and part of Tibet, it is also used by many Tibetan, Yi, Qiang and other ethnic minority groups as a second language.
Huayangosauridae is a clade of stegosaurian dinosaurs from the Jurassic of China. The group is defined as all taxa closer to the namesake genus Huayangosaurus than Stegosaurus, and was originally named as the family Huayangosaurinae by Zhiming Dong and colleagues in the description of Huayangosaurus. Huayangosaurinae was originally differentiated by the remaining taxa within Stegosauridae by the presence of teeth in the premaxilla, an antorbital fenestra, and a mandibular fenestra. Huayangosaurinae, known from the Middle Jurassic of the Shaximiao Formation, was proposed to be intermediate between Scelidosaurinae and Stegosaurinae, suggesting that the origins of stegosaurs lay in Asia. Following phylogenetic analyses, Huayangosauridae was expanded to also include the taxon Chungkingosaurus, known from specimens from younger Late Jurassic deposits of the Shaximiao Formation. Huayangosauridae is either the sister taxon to all other stegosaurs, or close to the origin of the clade, with taxa like Gigantspinosaurus or Isaberrysaura outside the Stegosauridae-Huayangosauridae split. Huayangosauridae was formally defined in 2021 by Daniel Madzia and colleagues, who used the previous definitions of all taxa closer to Huayangosaurus taibaii than Stegosaurus stenops, and chose the 2020 phylogeny of Susannah Maidment et al. to illustrate the relationships of the clade:
Paracyclotosaurus is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibian, which would have appeared similar to today's salamander – but much larger, at up to 2.3 metres (7.5 ft) long. It lived in the Middle Triassic period, about 235 million years ago, and fossils have been found in Australia, India, and South Africa.
The Shaximiao Formation is a Middle to Late Jurassic aged geological formation in Sichuan, China, most notable for the wealth of dinosaurs fossils that have been excavated from its strata. The Shaximiao Formation is exposed in and around the small township of Dashanpu, situated seven kilometres north-east from Sichuan's third largest city, Zigong, in the Da'an District.
Scutiger muliensis is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Sichuan, China, where it is only known from the area of its type locality in Muli county, altitude 3,050–3,400 m (10,010–11,150 ft) asl. Its common name is Muli cat-eyed toad.
Odorrana exiliversabilis is a species of frogs in the family Ranidae that is endemic to southeastern China where it is found in Fujian, western Zhejiang, and southern Anhui provinces. These frogs can be found in mountain forest streams and are common in suitable habitat. The species is not considered threatened by the IUCN.
Odorrana hainanensis is a species of frogs in the family Ranidae that might be endemic to Hainan Island, China; there is one record from Guangxi. Prior to its description in 2001, it was confused with Odorrana andersonii.
Odorrana nasuta is a species of frogs in the family Ranidae that is endemic to Hainan, China. It occurs near streams in forested regions at elevations of 350–850 m (1,150–2,790 ft) asl. Breeding takes place in streams. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by smallholder farming activities and clear-cutting of forests.
Yantanglestes is a genus of small, Chinese mesonychid with slender jaws that first appeared during the Early Paleocene in the Thanetian stage. It was found throughout Asia. It is the oldest known mesonychid. Yantanglestes became extinct during the Nongshanian division of the Late Paleocene, and lived sympatrically with its descendant genera, including Dissacus, Sinonyx and Jiangxia.
Brachyopoidea is a superfamily of temnospondyls that lived during the Mesozoic. It contains the families Brachyopidae and Chigutisauridae. The earliest records of brachyopids are from the Lower Triassic in Australia. The latest-surviving member of the superfamily is the chigutisaurid Koolasuchus from the Early Cretaceous of Australia.
Batrachiderpeton is an extinct genus of nectridean lepospondyl within the family Diplocaulidae; it was a basal member of the family. The type species is B. reticulatum and was found in a coal field in Northumberland, England at a locality that also yields the remains of Anthracosaurus russelli. A second species is also known: B. lineatum.
Notobrachyops is a genus of brachyopid temnospondyl amphibian. It is known from a skull roof impression found in the Ashfield Shale of Mortdale, New South Wales, Australia. The Ashfield Shale has also yielded a shark species, a lungfish species, six species of paleoniscid fish, a species of holostean fish, a subholostean fish, and the labyrinthodont amphibian Paracyclotosaurus davidi.
Kourerpeton is an extinct genus of dvinosaurian temnospondyl. Fossils of Kourerpeton were discovered in a window of a barber's shop in either Bisbee or Mesa, Arizona. Kourerpeton was named in 1976, with the type and only species being K. bradyi. It was originally assigned to the monotypic family Kourerpetidae, which has been alternatively spelled Kourerpetontidae.
Platycepsion wilksoni is an extinct species of prehistoric amphibian, known from partial skeleton deposited in shale at the Gosford Quarry site of the Terrigal Formation in Australia.
Thoosuchus is an extinct genus of basal trematosauroid trematosaurian temnospondyl. Fossils have been found from Russia and date back to the Early Triassic. It is the type genus of the family Thoosuchidae, formerly called the subfamily Thoosuchinae and placed within Benthosuchidae. The benthosuchids were originally composed of the majority of basal trematosaurian forms regarded as the ancestors of the trematosaurids. Although the genus was first named in 1940, material from one species, E. yakovlevi, was originally tentatively referred to Trematosuchus in 1926.
Zhao Ermi was a Chinese herpetologist, born in Chengdu. His ancestors were Manchu Bannerman of Irgen Gioro clan who were stationed in Chengdu during Qing Dynasty. He was elected a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001. He died at West China Medical Center of Sichuan University on 24 December 2016.
The Baishanzu horned toad is a species of amphibian found in Baishanzu National Park in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. It is located in Zhejiang Baishanzu National Park at an altitude of 1400–1600 meters of mountain streams. On January 19, 2021, the press office of the Lishui Municipal Government held a press conference to announce the discovery of new amphibian species in the city.
Fei Liang was a Chinese herpetologist.
Praseodymium(III) perchlorate is the perchlorate salt of praseodymium, with the chemical formula of Pr(ClO4)3.
