Textual variants in the First Epistle to the Corinthians

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Textual variants in the First Epistle to the Corinthians are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Contents

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus [1] which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts." [2] Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones. [3]

Legend

A guide to the sigla (symbols and abbreviations) most frequently used in the body of this article. [4] [5]

General sigla
# beginning with 0: uncial
# not beginning with 0: minuscule
* superscript: original reading
c superscript: scribal correction
ms superscript: individual manuscript
mss superscript: multiple manuscripts
pt superscript: partial attestation
vid superscript: uncertain reading
arab: Arabic versions
arm: Armenian versions
𝔐 orByz: Byzantine text-type
cop: Coptic versions
sa: Sahidic version
bo: Boharic version
eth: Ethiopic versions
ƒ: Greek manuscripts family
geo: Georgian versions
goth: Gothic versions
it: Italic/Vetus Latina
lat: most Italic and Vulgate
latt: all Italic and Vulgate
𝔓: papyrus
𝑙: individually numbered lectionary
Lect: most or all numbered lectionaries
parenthesized (): approximate reading
rell: all other extant manuscripts
slav: Slavic versions
syr: Syriac versions
vg: Latin Vulgate
ς: Textus Receptus
Uncial sigla
א‎: Codex Sinaiticus (01)
A: Codex Alexandrinus (02)
B: Codex Vaticanus (03)
C: Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (04)
Dea: Codex Bezae (05)
Dp: Codex Claromontanus (06)
Ke: Codex Cyprius (017)
Kap: Codex Mosquensis I (018)
Le: Codex Regius (New Testament) (019)
Lap: Codex Angelicus (020)
Papr: Codex Porphyrianus (025)
S: Codex Vaticanus 354 (028)
V: Codex Mosquensis II (031)
W: Codex Washingtonianus (032)
Z: Codex Dublinensis (035)
Γ: Codex Tischendorfianus IV (036)
Δ: Codex Sangallensis 48 (037)
Θ: Codex Koridethi (038)
Ξ: Codex Zacynthius (040)
Π: Codex Petropolitanus (New Testament) (041)
Φ: Codex Beratinus (043)
Ψ: Codex Athous Lavrensis (044)
Ω: Codex Athous Dionysiou (045)
ff1: Codex Corbeiensis I
ff2: Codex Corbeiensis II
g1: Codex Sangermanensis I
k: Codex Bobiensis
Critical editions
T8th: Tischendorf's 8th Edition of Editio Octava Critica Maior
WH: Westcott and Hort (1881)
NA: Novum Testamentum Graece (Nestle–Aland)
UBS: United Bible Societies
ECM: Editio Critica Maior

Textual variants

Textual variants in the First Epistle to the Corinthians

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 1
The first page of 1 Corinthians in Minuscule 223 (14th century) Minuscule 223 (GA) f150v.jpg
The first page of 1 Corinthians in Minuscule 223 (14th century)

1 Corinthians 1:8

ημερα – majority
παρουσια – D F G
Codex Amiatinus (~700 CE) with text of 1 Corinthians 1:1-21 Codex Amiatinus (1 Cor 1,1-21).jpg
Codex Amiatinus (~700 CE) with text of 1 Corinthians 1:1-21

3Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 2
1 Corinthians 2:1
μυστηριον – 𝔓46 , א, Α, C, 88, 436, ita,r, syrp, copbo
μαρτυριον – B D G P Ψ 33 81 104 181 326 330 451 614 629 630 1241 1739 1877 1881 1962 1984 2127 2492 2495 Byz Lect it vg syrh copsa arm eth
ευαγγελιον – Theodoret
σωτηριον – 489, ℓ598pt, ℓ599 [6]

1 Corinthians 2:4

πειθοις σοφιας λογοις (plausible words of wisdom) – (א λογος) B (Dgr 33 πιθοις) Dc 181 1739 1877 1881 itr1 vgww eth
πειθοις σοφιας (plausible wisdom) – 𝔓46 Ggr
πειθοι σοφιας (plausible wisdom) – 35 itf,g
πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας λογοις – C Ψ (A P 326 330 πιθοις) 81 88 104 436 451 614 629 1241 1984 2127 2492 Byz vgcl syrh copbo
πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας – 630
πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας και λογοις – 131

1 Corinthians 2:14

του θεου – 𝔓11 , 𝔓46 , א, A, B, C, D, G, P, Ψ, 33, 81, 88, 104, 181, 326, 436, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, it, vg, syrh, cop, arm
αγιου – eth
omitted by 2 216 255 330 440 451 823 1827 syrp

2Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 3
1 Corinthians 3:3
ἔρις – 𝔓11 , א, B, C, P, Ψ, 81, 181, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, it, vg
ἔρεις – A
ἔρις διχοστασία – 623, Chrysostom
ἔρις καί διχοστασίαι – 𝔓46 , D, 33, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 1241, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect
ἔρις καί ἀρχοστασία – 1962
ἔρεις καί διχοστασίαι – Ga

1 Corinthians 3:4

ουκ ανθρωποι – 𝔓46 , Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi, 33, 81, 1175, 1506, 1739, 1881;
ουχι σαρκικοι – Sinaiticus2, Ψ, and the Byzantine manuscripts read;
ουχι ανθρωποι – D F G 629; [7]

0Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 4
1 Corinthians 4:1

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 5
1 Corinthians 5:5
κυρίου – 𝔓46 , B, 630, 1739, Marcion , Tertulian, Origen
κυρίου Ἰησοῦ – א, Ψ, 81, 181, 326, 614, 1877, 1985, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect
κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – D, 1984
Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – 629
κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ – 048, copbo, eth
κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – A, F, G, P, 33, [8] 88, 104, 330, 436, 451, 629, 241, 1881, 1962, 2127, it, vg, syrp, h, copsa, bo, arm, Origen

0Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 6
1 Corinthians 6:1

2Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 7
1 Corinthians 7:5
τη προσευχη (prayer) – 𝔓11 , 𝔓46 , א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 33, 81, 104, 181, 629, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, it vg, cop, arm, eth
τη νηστεια και τη προσευχη (fasting and prayer) – אc, K, L, 88, 326, 436, 614, 1241, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, syrp,h, goth
τη προσευχη και νηστεια (prayer and fasting) – 330, 451, John of Damascus [9]

1 Corinthians 7:14

αδελφω – 𝔓46 , א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 33, 181, 1739, 1877, 1962, d, e, f, g, cop
ανδρι – אc, Dc, K, L, 81, 88, 104, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 630, 1241, 1881, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, syrh, goth, arm, eth
ανδρι τω πιστω – 629 it

0Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 8
1 Corinthians 8:1

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 9
1 Corinthians 9:20
μη ων αυτος υπο νομον (being not himself under the law) – omitted by D2 K (L) Ψ 81 88 326 330 424 451 460 614 629c 1241 1518 1852 1881 1984 1985 2138 2464 2492 Byz Lect syrp eth geo slav Origenpt Nestorius Theodoret

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 10
1 Corinthians 10:9
Χριστον – 𝔓46 D G K Ψ 88 330 451 614 629 630 1241 1739 1881 1984 2492 2495 Byz Lect
κυριον – א, B, C, P, 33, 104, 181, 326, 436, 1877, 2127
θεον – A, 81
omit by 1985

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 11
1 Corinthians 11:24
υμων – 𝔓46 , א*, A, B, C*, 33, 1739, arm
υμων κλωμενον – אc, C3, Db,c, G, K, Ψ, 81, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1739mg, 1877, 1881, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect
υμων θρυπτομενον – Dgr
υμων διδομενον – c, dem, f, t, x, zc, vg (tradetur), cop, eth

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 12
1 Corinthians 12:9
χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω ενι πνευματι – A B 33 81 104 436 630 1881 it vg
χαρισματα ιαματων εν πνευματι – 1739
χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω αυτω πνευματι – א C3 D G K P 0201 88 181 330 451 614 629 1241 1877 1962 1984 1985 2127 2492 2495 Byz Lect
χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω πνευματι – 𝔓46
χαρισματα ιαματων – C
χαρισματα – Ψ

4Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 13
1 Corinthians 13:2
κἂν ἐὰν ἔχω προφητείαν – Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants] [10]
κἂν ἔχω προφητείαν – Westcott and Hort 1881 [10]
καὶ ἔχω προφητείαν – Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants] [10]
καὶ ἐὰν ἔχω προφητείαν – Tischendorf 8th Edition, Nestle 1904, Byz. [10]

1 Corinthians 13:2

κἂν ἐὰν ἔχω πᾶσαν – Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants] [10]
κἂν ἔχω πᾶσαν – Westcott and Hort 1881 [10]
καὶ ἔχω πᾶσαν – Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants] [10]
καὶ ἐὰν ἔχω πᾶσαν – Tischendorf 8th Edition, Nestle 1904, Byz. [10]

1 Corinthians 13:2

μεθιστάναι (to (re)move/(ex)change)– Alexandrian text-type, Tischendorf 8th Edition, Nestle 1904, Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants] [10]
μεθιστάνειν – Byz., Westcott and Hort 1881, Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants] [10]

1 Corinthians 13:3

καυχήσωμαι (I may boast) – Alexandrian text-type. By 2009, many translators and scholars had come to favour this variant as the original reading on the grounds that is probably the oldest. [11]
καυθήσωμαι (I may be burnt/burned) – Mostly Western and Byzantine text-type MSS and "a majority of patristic writers". In 1989, this was the most commonly favoured variant by translators and scholars, but because it is probably not the oldest variant, and may be grammatically incorrect, a large amount of translators and scholars had abandoned it by 2009. Malone (2009) objected that it would be somewhat unlikely that a supposedly correct original (καυχήσωμαι) would have been deliberately 'corrected' by a scribe, resulting in a supposedly incorrect variant (καυθήσωμαι). [11]
καυθήσομαι (I will be burnt/burned) – As of 2009, a minority of scholars favoured this reading as the original. [11]
 ? – [12]
 ? – [12]
καθήσωμαι – 330* [13]
καυθήσεται – 1877 2492 Syrp,h Clem [13]
καυθήσηται – John of Damascus [13]

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 14
1 Corinthians 14:31-34 from P POxy v0072 n4844 a 01 hires p123.jpg
1 Corinthians 14:31-34 from 𝔓

1 Corinthians 14:40

verses 14:34-35 included after 14:40 – D F G 88 [14]

4Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 15
1 Corinthians 15:3
ὃ καὶ παρέλαβον (I received) – omitted by b, Ambrosiaster, Irenaeuslat, Tertullian?

1 Corinthians 15:15

εἴπερ ἄρα νεκροὶ οὐκ ἐγείρονται (if in fact the dead do not rise) – omitted by D, a, b, r, bam, ful**, harl*, kar, mon, reg, val*, pesh, Ambrosiaster, Irenaeus (lat), Tertullian?

1 Corinthians 15:47

δευτερος ανθρωπος – א*, B, C, D, F, G, 0243, 33, 1739, it, vg, copbo eth
δευτερος ο κυριος – 630
δευτερος ανθρωπος ο κυριος – אc, A, Dc, K, P, Ψ, 81, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 1241, 1739mg, 1877, 1881, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect
δευτερος ανθρωπος πνευματικος – 𝔓46
δευτερος – copsa Cyril

1 Corinthians 15:51

μέν (on the one hand) – Byz [15]
omitted by א‎, (A), C, G3, 17 [15]

1Textual variants in 1 Corinthians 16
1 Corinthians 16:15
οικιαν Στεφανα – 𝔓46 א* A B C2 Ψ 075 Byz cop
οικιαν Στεφανα και Φορτουνατου – א 2 D 104 629 1175 1241 2464 pc b vgst copbo
οικιαν Στεφανα και Φορτουνατου και Αχαικου – C*vid F G 365 2495 pc vgcl syrh

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

  1. ↑ Adam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707)
  2. ↑ Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154
  3. ↑ Peter J. Gurry, "The Number of Variants in the Greek New Testament: A Proposed Estimate" New Testament Studies 62.1 (2016), p. 113
  4. ↑ Metzger, Bruce Manning; Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 54, 62–86, 102–103. ISBN   0-19-516667-1.
  5. ↑ J.P. van de Giessen (2003). "Legenda tekstkritische notities". bijbelaantekeningen.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  6. ↑ UBS3, p. 581.
  7. ↑ NA26, p. 444
  8. ↑ Note [b] on 1 Corinthians 5:5 in NET Bible
  9. ↑ UBS3, p. 591.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "1 Corinthians 13:2 Greek Text Analysis". biblehub.com. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
  11. 1 2 3 Malone, A. S. (2009). Burn or Boast? Keeping the 1 Corinthians 13,3 Debate in Balance. Biblica, 90(3), 400–406.
  12. 1 2 Caragounis 2004, p. 549.
  13. 1 2 3 Caragounis 2004, p. 550.
  14. ↑ Daniel B. Wallace (1998). "The Textual Problem of 1 Corinthians 14:34-35". Biblical Studies Press. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  15. 1 2 Westcott and Hort (1882), Introduction and Appendix, § 325.

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