Textual variants in the Epistle of James

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Textual variants in the Epistle of James are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Contents

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus [1] which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts." [2] Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones. [3]

Legend

A guide to the sigla (symbols and abbreviations) most frequently used in the body of this article. [4] [5]

General sigla
# beginning with 0: uncial
# not beginning with 0: minuscule
* superscript: original reading
c superscript: scribal correction
ms superscript: individual manuscript
mss superscript: multiple manuscripts
pt superscript: partial attestation
vid superscript: uncertain reading
arab: Arabic versions
arm: Armenian versions
𝔐 orByz: Byzantine text-type
cop: Coptic versions
sa: Sahidic version
bo: Boharic version
eth: Ethiopic versions
ƒ: Greek manuscripts family
geo: Georgian versions
goth: Gothic versions
it: Italic/Vetus Latina
lat: most Italic and Vulgate
latt: all Italic and Vulgate
𝔓: papyrus
𝑙: individually numbered lectionary
Lect: most or all numbered lectionaries
parenthesized (): approximate reading
rell: all other extant manuscripts
slav: Slavic versions
syr: Syriac versions
vg: Latin Vulgate
ς: Textus Receptus
Uncial sigla
א: Codex Sinaiticus (01)
A: Codex Alexandrinus (02)
B: Codex Vaticanus (03)
C: Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (04)
Dea: Codex Bezae (05)
Dp: Codex Claromontanus (06)
Ke: Codex Cyprius (017)
Kap: Codex Mosquensis I (018)
Le: Codex Regius (New Testament) (019)
Lap: Codex Angelicus (020)
Papr: Codex Porphyrianus (025)
S: Codex Vaticanus 354 (028)
V: Codex Mosquensis II (031)
W: Codex Washingtonianus (032)
Z: Codex Dublinensis (035)
Γ: Codex Tischendorfianus IV (036)
Δ: Codex Sangallensis 48 (037)
Θ: Codex Koridethi (038)
Ξ: Codex Zacynthius (040)
Π: Codex Petropolitanus (New Testament) (041)
Φ: Codex Beratinus (043)
Ψ: Codex Athous Lavrensis (044)
Ω: Codex Athous Dionysiou (045)
ff1: Codex Corbeiensis I
ff2: Codex Corbeiensis II
g1: Codex Sangermanensis I
k: Codex Bobiensis
Critical editions
T8th: Tischendorf's 8th Edition of Editio Octava Critica Maior
WH: Westcott and Hort (1881)
NA: Novum Testamentum Graece (Nestle–Aland)
UBS: United Bible Societies
ECM: Editio Critica Maior
Other notable manuscripts in the Epistle of James

Textual variants

Textual variants in the Epistle of James


16Textual variants in James 1
P with text of James 1:10-12 Papyrus 23 -Jam 1.10-12-POxy1229 III.jpg
𝔓 with text of James 1:10-12

Insciptio

Ιακωβου καθολικη επιστολη (Catholic Epistle of Jacob) — Bc
omit — ‭א A B*

James 1:3

δοκιμον — 110 431 1241 Didymuspt
δοκιμιον — 𝔓74 vid ‭א A B C K L P Ψ 049 056 0142 33 81 88 104 181 322 323 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 945 1067 1175 1243 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1739 1852 1877 2127 2138 2298 2344 2412 2464 2495 𝔐 Lect lat syr arm eth geo slav Didymuspt Cyril

James 1:5

ουκ — 𝔐
μη — ‭א A B C

James 1:9

ο αδελφος ο ταπεινος — 𝔐
αδελφος ο ταπεινος — B Ψ
ο ταπεινος αδελφος — 720
omit — 𝔓74

James 1:12

ο κυριος (the Lord) — P 0246 𝔐
κυριος (Lord) — C
ο θεος (God) — 33vid 323 945 1739 2816 vg syrp
omitted — א A B Ψ 81 itff cop

James 1:12

επηγγειλατο — 𝔓23 ‭א A B Ψ 81 206* 2344 itff cop arm geo Didymuspt
επηγγειλατο ο θεος — 33vid 322 323 463 547 945 1175 1241 1243 1735 1739 1852 2298 2464 2492 l596 lat syrp,pal eth Athanasius Didymuspt Chromatius Cyril John-Damascus
επηγγειλατο κυριος — C 794 1829 𝑙593 𝑙680
επηγγειλατο ο κυριος — K L P 049 056 0142 0246 88 104 181 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 1067 1292 1409 1505 1611 1877 2127 2138 2412 2495 𝔐 Lect syrh (slav) Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact

James 1:13

απο — A B C 𝔐
υπο — ‭א

James 1:17

παραλλαγη η τροπης αποσκιασμα — ‭א2 A C K L P 049 056 0142 81 88 104 181 322 323 326 330 436 451 629 630 945 1067 1175 1243 1292 1409 1611 1735 1739 1852 1877 2127 2298 2344 2464 2492 𝔐 Lect lat syr arm Athanasius Cyril-Jerusalem Didymus Jerome John-Damascus
παραλλαγη ουδε η τροπης αποσκιασμα — Ψ
παραλλαγη η ορ η τροπης αποσκιασματος — ‭א* B
παραλλαγη η τροπη αποσκιασματος — 614 1505 2412 2495 (slav)
παραλλαγης η τροπης αποσκιασματος — 𝔓23
αποσκιασμα η τροπη η παραλλαγη — copsa
παραλλαγη η τροπη η τροπης αποσκιασμα ουδε μεχρι υπονοιας τινος υποβολη αποσκιασματος — 876 1518 1610 1765 2138
παραλλαγη η ροπης αποσκιασμα — Augustine Ferrandus Primasius
παραλλαγη η ροπη αποσκιασματος — itff

James 1:19

ιστε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι ιστω δε — א*
ιστε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι εστω — 436 1067 1175 1243 syrhmg arm
ιστε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι εστω δε — ‭א2 B C (81) 88 945 1739 2344 lat copbomss,(ach) geo
ιστε δε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι και εστως δε — A*
ιστε δε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι και εστω δε — Ac
ιστε γαρ αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι εστω δε — itc
ιστε δε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι εστω δε — 𝔓74 vid 2464 vgmss copsa,bomss
ωστε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι εστω δε — P* 1852
ωστε αδελφοι μου αγαπητοι εστω — K L Pc Ψ 049 056 0142 0246vid 104 181 322 323 326 330 451 614 630 1241 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1877 2127 2138 2298 2412 2492 2495 𝔐 syr(p),h slav Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact
και νυν αδελφοι ημων εστω — eth

James 1:20

ουκ εργαζεται — ‭א A B Cc K Ψ 81
ου κατεργαζεται — C* P 0246 1175 1243 1739 1852 𝔐

James 1:22

νομου (of the law) — Cc 88 621 1067 1852
λογου (of the word) — rell

James 1:22

ακροαται μονον — B 1852
μονον ακροαται — 𝔓74 ‭א A C P Ψ 81 1175 1243 1739 𝔐

James 1:25

ουκ — ‭א A B C
ουτος ουκ — 𝔐

James 1:26

ειναι — ‭א A B C
ειναι εν υμιν — 𝔐

James 1:27

τω — A B C
omit — ‭א 𝔐

James 1:27

ασπιλον εαυτον τηρειν — ‭א (A) B C K P 049 056 0142 33 81 88 104 181 326 330 (436) 451 629 630 945 1241 1739 1877 2127 2492 𝔐 Lect latt syrp cop arm (eth)
ασπιλους εαυτους τηρειτε — 614 1505 2412 2495 syr(h)
υπερασπιζειν αυτους — 𝔓74

14Textual variants in James 2

James 2:3

ειπητε — ‭א A B C
ειπητε αυτω — 𝔐

James 2:3

η καθου ωδε — copsa
η καθου εκει — B 945 1175 1241 1243 1739 1852 2298 2492 𝑙809 itff
η εκει καθου — arm
εκει και καθου — C*
εκει και καθου ωδε — Cc
εκει η καθου — A Ψ 33 81 614 630 1292 1505 1611 2138 2412 2495 𝑙591 lat syrh geo Augustine Cyril Hesychius
εκει η καθου ωδε — 𝔓74 vid ‭א K L P 049 056 0142 88 104 181 322 323 326 330 436 451 629 1067 1409 1735 1877 2127 2344 2464 𝔐 Lect syrp copbo eth slav Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact

James 2:4

ου — ‭א A Bc C 33 81 614 630 945 1175 1241 1243 1739 2495
ουχι — Ψ
και ου — P 307 𝔐
και — 322 323
omit — B* 1852 (vg)

James 2:5

τω κοσμω — ‭א A B C
του κοσμου — 𝔐

James 2:10

τηρηση πταιση — ‭א B C
πληρωσει πταιση — A
τηρησει πταισει — 𝔐

James 2:11

μοιχευεις φονευεις — ‭א A B C
μοιχευσεις φονευσεις — 𝔐

James 2:11

κατακαυχαται ελεος — ‭א B
κκατακαυχασθω δε ελεος — A
κατακαυχαται ελεον — C 𝔐

James 2:15

λειπομενοι — א B C
λειπομενοι ωσιν — A 𝔐

James 2:18

χωρις των εργων καγω σοι δειξω — ‭א B
χωρις των εργων καγω δειξω σοι — A
χωρις των εργων σου καγω δειξω σοι — C
εκ των εργων σου καγω δειξω σοι — 𝔐

James 2:18

πιστιν — ‭א B C
πιστιν μου — A 𝔐

James 2:19

εις εστιν ο θεος — 𝔓74 א A 1735 2464 𝑙596 itar,c,dem,div,p,s,z vg syrp copsa,bo arm eth geo Augustine Cyrilpt Salvianpt Faustus Caesariuspt Anastasiuspt
εις εστιν θεος — 945 1241 1739 2298
εις θεος εστιν — B 614 630 1292 1505 1611 1852 1875 2138 2412 2495 Theophylact
εις ο εστιν θεος — C 33vid 81 1175 1243 2344 2492 syrh
ο θεος εις εστιν — Kc L 049 056 0142 88 104 181 322 323 326 436 629 1067 1409 1877 𝔐 Lect vgms slav Didymus Cyrilpt Salvianpt Caesariuspt Ps-Oecumenius
θεος εις εστιν — 330 451 2127
εις ο θεος — Cyril
εστιν θεος — Ψ Ps-Athanasius
εις ο θεος — it ff vgmss Cyrilpt

James 2:20

αργη — B C* 322 323 945 1175 1243 1739 itar,c,dem,div,s,z vgmss copsa arm Augustine
νεκρα — א A Cc K L P Ψ 049 056 0142 33 81 88 104 181 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 1067 1241 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1852 1877 2127 2138 2298 2344 2464 2492 2495 𝔐 Lect itp vgmss syr copbo eth slav Didymus Cyril Salvian Faustus Ps-Athanasius Ps-Oecumenius Cassiodorus
κενη — 𝔓74 itff

James 2:24

ορατε — ‭א A B C
ορατε τοινυν — 𝔐

James 2:25

αγγελους — 𝔓54 vid 𝔓74 ‭א A B K P Ψ 33vid 81 322 323 436 1067 1175 1243 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1852 2138 2344 𝔐 𝑙147 𝑙590 𝑙591 𝑙603 𝑙680 𝑙883 𝑙1159 𝑙1178 itar,s,t vg syrh
αγγελους του Ισραηλ — 61 syrhmg
αγγελους τους κατασκοπους — 𝑙1154
κατασκοπους — C Kmg L 945 1241 1739 2298 2464 Lect itff syrp cop arm eth geo slav

19Textual variants in James 3

James 3:2

δυνατος — A B 𝔐
δυναμενος — ‭א

James 3:3

ει δε — ‭א2 A B* K L Ψ 049 33 104 181 326 330 436 451 1067 1243 1409 1505 1611 1735 1852 2344 2464 2492 𝑙590 𝑙592 𝑙680 𝑙883 𝑙884 𝑙1154 lat copbo geo Ps-Oecumenius John-Damascus
ιδε — C P 056 0142 81 88 322 323 614 629 630 945 1175 1241 1292 1505 1739 2127 2138 2298 2412 2495 𝔐 Lect syrh copsa arm slav(ms) Ps-Ambrose Theophylact
ει δε γαρ (ιδε γαρ) — ‭א* syrp
ιδου — 36 483 1874 1877
quare ergo — itm

James 3:3

βαλλομεν εις — ‭א B C
βαλλομεν προς — A 𝔐

James 3:4

ανεμων σκληρων — ‭א B C K P 056 0142 81 307 1175 1243 1852
σκληρων ανεμων — A L Ψ 049 1739 𝔐

James 3:4

οπου — א B
οπου αν — A C 𝔐

James 3:4

βουλεται — ‭א B
βουληται — A C 𝔐

James 3:5

μεγαλα αυχει — A B C
μεγαλαυχει — 𝔓20 ‭א 𝔐

James 3:5

ηλικον — ‭א B
ολιγον — Avid C 𝔐

James 3:5

αδικιας η γλωσσα — 𝔓20 ‭א A B C
αδικιας ουτως η γλωσσα — 𝔐

James 3:8

δαμασαι δυναται ανθρωπων — 𝔓20 vid B C 1739
δυναται δαμασαι ανθρωπων — א A K P Ψ 049 81 307 1175 1852
δυναται ανθρωπων δαμασαι — 𝔐

James 3:8

ακαταστατον — ‭א A B K P 1175 1243 1735 1739* 2298 itar,ff,t vg syrp cop Jeromept
ακατασχετον — C L Ψ 81 322 323 436 945 (1067) 1241 1292 1409 1505 1611 1739c 1852 2138 2344 2464 𝔐 Lect syrh eth geo slav Epiphanius Jeromept Cyril Flavian-Constantinople Speculum Cassiodorus John-Damascus

James 3:9

κυριον — 𝔓20 ‭א A B C P Ψ 33 81 623 945 1175 1241 1735 1739 1852 itar,ff,t vgmss syrp copbomss arm Cyril
θεον — K L 322 323 436 1067 1243 1292 1409 1505 1611 2138 2298 2344 2464 𝔐 Lect its vgmss syrh copsa,bomss,ach geo slav Epiphanius Jerome Augustine John-Damascus

James 3:12

ουδε αλυκον — 88
ουτε αλυκον — A B C* 1175 1243 1852 2492 syrh copsa arm (John-Damascus)
ουτως αλυκον — 2492mg
ουτως ουδε αλυκον — ‭א 81 322 323 1739 2344 latt syrp copbo (eth) geo Cyril
ουτως ουτε αλυκον και — 1735
ουτως ουτε αλυκον — Cc Ψ
ουτως και αλυκον — 1241
ουτως ουδε ουδε αλυκον — 33
ουτως ουδεμια ποα αλυκον και — 1067
ουτως ουδεμια πηγη αλυκον και — K L 049 056 0142 104 181 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 917 945 1292 1409 1611 1877 2127 2298 2412 𝔐 Lect syrhmg slav Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact
ουδεμια πηγη αλυκον και — 1505 2492
ουτως ουτε πηγη αλυκον και — 2464
ουτως ουτε μια πηγη αλυκον και — P 1505 2138

James 3:14

εριθειαν — 𝔐
ερειθειαν — 𝔓100

James 3:14

ψευδεσθε — 𝔐
ψευδευσθε — 𝔓100

James 3:15

επιγειος — 𝔐
επιγιος — 𝔓100

James 3:16

ακαταστασια — 𝔐
ακαστασια — 𝔓100

James 3:17

αδιακριτος — ‭א A B C
αδιακριτος και — 𝔓100 K L 049 69 322 323 𝔐

James 3:18

δικαιοσυνης — A B C
της δικαιοσυνης — 𝔐
ο δικαιοσυνης — א

25Textual variants in James 4

James 4:1

ποθεν μαχαι — ‭א (A) B C
μαχαι — 𝔐

James 4:1

υμιν — 𝔐
υμειν — 𝔓100

James 4:2

ουκ εχετε δια — 𝔓100 A B 𝔐
και ουκ εχετε δια — ‭א

James 4:3

αιτεισθε — 𝔐
αιτειτε — 𝔓100 69 631

James 4:4

μοιχαλιδες — 𝔓100 ‭א* A B 33 81 1175* 1241 1739 1852 latt syrp cop arm eth geo Augustine
μοιχοι και μοιχαλιδες — ‭אc K L P Ψ 049 056 0142 88 104 181 (322) 323 326 330 436 451 614 629c 630 945 1067 1175c 1243 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1877 2127 2138 2298 2344 2464 2492 2495 𝔐 Lect syrh slav Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact
μοιχοι — 629*vid

James 4:4

εαν — ‭א B
αν — A 𝔐

James 4:5

κατωκισεν — 𝔓74 ‭א B Ψ 049 104 226 241 462 547 807 1241 1739 1877* slav
κατωκησεν — K L P 056 0142 32 33 88 181 322 323 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 945 1067 1243 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1852 1877c 2127 2138 2298 2344 2412 2492 2495 𝔐 Lect latt syr(p),h cop arm eth geo Nilus Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact
κατωκεισεν — A 81 1175 2464 𝑙680

James 4:7

δε — א A B 𝔐pt
omit — 𝔐pt

James 4:9

μετατραπητω — 𝔓100 B P 614 1241 1739
μεταστραφητω — ‭א A 𝔐

James 4:9

κατηφειαν — 𝔐
κατηφιαν — 𝔓100

James 4:11

η — 𝔓100 ‭א A B
και — 𝔐

James 4:11

κρινων — 𝔐
κρεινων — 𝔓100

James 4:11

νομον — 𝔐
νον — 𝔓100

James 4:12

νομοθετης — 𝔓74 𝔓100 B P 1175 1241*vid 1243 1852 arm geo Cyrilpt
ο νομοθετης — ‭א A K L Ψ 33 81 322 323 436 945 1067 1241c, vid 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1739 2138 2298 2344 2464 𝔐 Lect cop eth Didymus Cyrilpt John-Damascus

James 4:12

και κριτης — ‭א A B
omit — 𝔐

James 4:12

ο κρινων — 𝔓100 ‭א A B
ος κρινεις — 𝔐

James 4:12

πλησιον — ‭א A B
ετερον — 𝔐

James 4:13

η — ‭א B
και — A 𝔐

James 4:13

πορευσομεθα... ποιησομεν... εμπορευσομεθα και κερδησομεν — 𝔓100 vid B P 323 1739
πορευσομεθα... ποιησωμεν... εμπορευσομεθα και κερδησομεν — ‭א
πορευσωμεθα... ποιησωμεν... εμπορευσομεθα και κερδησομεν — A
πορευσωμεθα... ποιησωμεν... εμπορευσωμεθα και κερδησωμεν — 𝔐

James 4:13

ενιαυτον — ‭א B
ενιαυτον ενα — A 𝔐

James 4:14

το της αυριον — ‭א K L Ψ 049 056 0142 104 181 322 323 326 330 436 451 629 1067 1409 1735 1877 2127 2464 𝔐 Lect lat syrp arm (eth) Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact
ττα της αυριον — A P 33 81 614 630 945 1175 1241 1243 1292 1505 1611 1739 1852 2138 2298 2344 2412 2492 2495 syrh
της αυριον — B itff,l Jerome

James 4:14

ποια — ‭א* B 614 1505 1611 1852 2138 2412 2495 itl syrh copbomss arm
ποια γαρ — 𝔓74 𝔓100 ‭א2 A K L P Ψ 049 056 0142 33 81 88 104 181 322 323 326 330 436 451 629 630 945 1067 1175 1241 1243 1292 1409 1735 1739 1877 2127 2298 2344 2464 2492 𝔐 Lect lat syrp copsa,bomss slav Jerome Augustine Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact
ποια δε — itff eth geo

James 4:14

ατμις γαρ εστε η — 81 104 614 1243 1292 1852 2412 2495 syrh Jerome Ps-Oecumenius
ατμις γαρ εστε — B 322 323 945 1175 1739 2298
ατμις γαρ εσται — P 88 1241 𝑙680* 𝑙884
ατμις εσται η — A itar,c,dem,div,p,s,z
ατμις εστιν η — 33 1735 2344 vg cop
ως ατμις γαρ εσται η — itl (arm) (eth)
ατμις γαρ εσται η — K Ψ 049 181 326 436 1067 1505 1611 2127 2138 2464 2495 𝔐pt Lect
ατμις γαρ εστιν η — L 056 0142 330 451 629 630 1409 1877 𝔐pt 𝑙592 𝑙883 𝑙921 𝑙1159 𝑙1441 itff slav (Augustine) Bede John-Damascus John-Damascus Theophylact
ατμις γαρ εστιν — 𝑙596
η — ‭א

James 4:14

και — ‭א A B
δε και — 𝔐

James 4:15

ζησομεν και ποιησομεν — ‭א A B
ζησωμεν και ποιησωμεν — 𝔐

21Textual variants in James 5

James 5:4

αφυστερημενος — ‭א B*
απεστερημενος — A Bc P Ψ (33) (81) 322 323 945 1067 1175 1241 1243 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1739 1852 2138 2298 2344 2464 𝔐 Lect lat arm (eth) geo slavms Didymus Cyril John-Damascus
αποστερημενος — K L

James 5:5

υμων — ‭א (A) B
υμων ως — 𝔐

James 5:7

αυτω — ‭א A B
αυτον — 𝔐

James 5:7

εως — A B 𝔐
εως αν — ‭א

James 5:7

λαβη — 𝔓74 B 048 945 1241 1739 2298 lat copsa arm geo
λαβη υετον — A K L P Ψ 049 056 0142 33 81 88 104 181 322 323 326 330 451 614 629 1243 1292 1505 1611 1735 1852 1877 2127 2138 2344 2412 2464 2495 𝔐 Lect vgmss syrp,h geoms slav Ps-Oecumenius Theophylact
υετον λαβη — 436 1067 1409
λαβη καρπον — ‭אc 255 398 1175 itff syrhmg cop(bo) Faustus Cassiodorus Antiochus
λαβη καρπον τον — ‭א*

James 5:7

προιμον — ‭א A B
πρωιμον — 𝔐

James 5:9

αδελφοι κατ’ αλληλων — B
αδελφοι μου κατ’ αλληλων — A
κατ’ αλληλων αδελφοι — (‭א) 𝔐

James 5:10

αδελφοι της κακοπαθιας — (A) B
αδελφοι μου της κακοπαθειας — 𝔐
της κακοπαθιας αδελφοι μου — ‭א

James 5:10

εν — (‭א) B P 307 1243
omit — A K L Ψ 049 056 0142 81 𝔐

James 5:11

υπομειναντας — ‭א A B
υπομενοντας — 𝔐

James 5:11

ειδετε — ‭א B
ιδετε — A 𝔐

James 5:11

ο κυριος — ‭א A (B)
omit — 𝔐

James 5:12

υπο κρισιν — ‭א A B
εις υποκρισιν — 𝔐

James 5:14

αλειψαντες αυτον — א A (Ψ) 048vid 𝔐
αλειψαντες — B P 1243 itff vgms copsamss

James 5:14

του κυριου — ‭א K L P 33 322 323 436 945 1175 1241 1243 1292 1409 1505 1611 1735 1739 1852 2138 2298 2344 2464 𝔐 Lect geo (eth) Chrysostom Cyril John-Damascuspt
κυριου — A Ψ 81 1067 𝑙751 𝑙921 arm John-Damascuspt
του κυριου or κυριου — lat syr slav Origenlat Hesychius
του κυριου Ιησου — 𝑙1356
Ιησου Χριστου — 6
omit — B

James 5:16

ουν αλληλοις τας αμαρτιας — ‭א A B
αλληλοις τα παραπτωματα — 𝔐

James 5:16

ευχεσθε — ‭א K P Ψ 056 0142 𝔐
προσευχεσθε — A 048vid
προσευχεσθαι — B

James 5:19

μου — ‭א A B
omit — 𝔐

James 5:20

γινωσκετω οτι — ‭א A K L P 049 056 0142 81 88 104 181 322 323 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 945 1067 1175 1241 1243 1292 1409 1611 1735 1739 1846 1852 1877 2127 2298 2344 2412 2464 2492 𝔐 Lect lat syrp copbomss arm eth (geo) slav Didymus
γινωσκετε οτι — B 69 1505 1518 2138 2495 syrh
οτι — Ψ Origenlat
omit — 𝔓74 itff copsa

James 5:20

αυτου εκ θανατου — ‭א A P 048vid 33 436 1067 1409 1735 1739 2298 2344 2464 lat syr copbo arm (eth) Didymus Cyril
εκ θανατου αυτου — 𝔓74 B 614 1108 1292 1611 1852 2138 (2412) itff
εκ θανατου — K L Ψ 049 056 0142 81 88 104 181 322 323 326 330 451 629 630 945 1175 1241 1243 1505 1846 1852 1877 2127 2492 2495 𝔐 Lect copsa Origenlat Ps-Oecumenius John-Damascus Theophylact
αυτου — Ambrosiaster

James 5:20

αμαρτιων — 𝔐
αμαρτιων αμην — 181 378 614 1518 1765 1898 syrh
αμαρτιων οτι αυτω η δοξα εις τους αιωνας αμην — 330

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Papyrus 45</span> New Testament manuscript

Papyrus 45, designated by siglum 𝔓45 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, is an early Greek New Testament manuscript written on papyrus, and is one of the manuscripts comprising the Chester Beatty Papyri, a group of early Christian manuscripts discovered in the 1930s, and purchased by business man and philanthropist, Alfred Chester Beatty. Beatty purchased the manuscript in the 1930s from an Egyptian book dealer, and it was subsequently published in The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri, Descriptions and Texts of Twelve Manuscripts on Papyrus of the Greek Bible by palaeographer, biblical and classical scholar Frederic G. Kenyon in 1933. Manuscripts among the Chester Beatty Papyri have had several places of discovery associated with them, the most likely being the Faiyum in Egypt. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the early 3rd century CE. This therefore makes it the earliest example of not only the four Gospels contained in one volume, but also the Acts of the Apostles. It contains verses in fragmentary form from the texts of Matthew chapters 20–21 and 25–26; Mark chapters 4–9 and 11–12; Luke chapters 6–7 and 9–14; John chapters 4–5 and 10–11; and Acts chapters 4–17.

The Codex Athous Laurae, designated by Ψ or 044, or δ 6, is a manuscript of the New Testament written in Greek uncial letters on parchment. The manuscript has many gaps in the text, as well as containing handwritten notes. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeographically), the codex is dated to the 8th or 9th century.

Minuscule 81, or α162 is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1044. Formerly it was labelled by 61a and 61p (Gregory). The manuscript is lacunose. It was adapted for liturgical use.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minuscule 104</span> New Testament manuscript

Minuscule 104, α 103 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.

Minuscule 181, α 101 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.

Minuscule 326, α 257 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 10th century. Formerly it was labelled by 33a and 39p . It was prepared for liturgical use.

Textual variants in the New Testament manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to the text that is being reproduced. Textual criticism of the New Testament has included study of its textual variants.

Minuscule 451, α 178, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Formerly it was labelled by 79a and 90p. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition.

Lectionary 147, designated by siglum 147 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.

Minuscule 630, α 461, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. It is known as Codex Ottobonianus. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th or 13th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Formerly it was labeled by 163a and 201p.

Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the Epistle to the Romans are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the First Epistle to the Corinthians are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the Second Epistle to the Thessalonians are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the First Epistle of Peter are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the Second Epistle of Peter are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the First Epistle of John are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the Second Epistle of John are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced.

Textual variants in the Third Epistle of John are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Textual variants in the Epistle of Jude are the subject of textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

References

  1. Adam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707)
  2. Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154
  3. Peter J. Gurry, "The Number of Variants in the Greek New Testament: A Proposed Estimate" New Testament Studies 62.1 (2016), p. 113
  4. Metzger, Bruce Manning; Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 54, 62–86, 102–103. ISBN   0-19-516667-1.
  5. J.P. van de Giessen (2003). "Legenda tekstkritische notities". bijbelaantekeningen.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 May 2022.

Further reading