Timeline of Siena

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Siena, Tuscany, Italy.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 15th century

• 1st C. CE – Saena Julia founded by Romans.
• 1205 – Palazzo Tolomei built (approximate date). ^[1]
• 1233 - "The people again rose against the nobles in the hope of ousting them entirely from office." ^[2]
• 1240 – University of Siena established. ^[2]
• 1248 - Plague. ^[2]
• 1255
  • Gran Tavola bank founded.
  • Basilica of San Francesco built.
• 1260 – Battle of Montaperti.
• 1263 – Siena Cathedral built.
• 1265 – Basilica of San Domenico built.
• 1287 – Noveschi in power.
• 1308 – Palazzo Pubblico built. ^[3]
• 1328 – Famine. ^[4]
• 1348
  • Black Death plague.
  • Torre del Mangia built. ^[2]
• 1349 - Piazza del Campo paved in fishbone-patterned red brick. ^[2]
• 1355 - Arrival of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor in Siena
• 1360 – Public clock installed. ^[5]

15th century

• 1419 - Fonte Gaia built.
• 1423 - Council of Siena begins.
• 1438 - Loggia della Mercanzia built (approximate date). ^[6]
• 1459 – Palazzo Marsili rebuilt. ^[6]
• 1462 – Loggia del Papa erected. ^[6]
• 1463 – Palazzo Piccolomini-delle Papesse built. ^[6]
• 1472
  • Monte dei Paschi di Siena founded.
  • Palazzo Spannocchi built (approximate date).
• 1478 - The Pazzi conspiracy led to war a war lasting to 1480. ^[2]
• 1482 & 1483 - Riots. ^[2]
• 1484 – Printing press in operation.
• 1490 – Basilica dell'Osservanza built (approximate date).
• 1495
  • Palazzo delle Papesse completed (approximate date).
  • Piccolomini Library built (approximate date). ^[6]

16th–18th centuries

Map of Siena, 1640

• 1504 – Santo Spirito renovated.
• 1506 – Palazzo Chigi-Saracini renovated.
• 1508 – Palazzo del Magnifico built. ^[6]
• 1520 – Palazzo Bichi built (approximate date). ^[6]
• 1527 – Accademia degli Intronati founded (approximate date).
• 1533 – Santa Maria dei Servi consecrated.
• 1554 – Battle of Marciano.
• 1555 – Republic of Siena surrenders to Spain; Siena ceded to Duchy of Florence. ^[2]
• 1604 – Porta Camollia rebuilt. ^[6]
• 1613 – San Martino renovated.
• 1656 – Palio di Siena horse race begins. ^[2]
• 1691 – Accademia dei Fisiocritici founded. ^[7]
• 1729 – Consolidation of districts; elimination of contrade Gallo, Leone, Orso, Quercia, Spadaforte, and Vipera.

19th century

• 1816
  • Fine Arts Institution founded. ^[2]
  • The natural history museum of the Royal Academy of the Physiocritics founded. ^[2]
• 1848 – Palazzo Buonsignori restored. ^[6]
• 1854 – Palazzo del Capitano restored. ^[6]
• 1856 – Orto Botanico dell'Università di Siena laid out.
• 1858 – Municipal Archives established. ^{[8] [2]}
• 1865 – Empoli-Siena railway begins operating.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 1866 – Cemetery della Misericordia established.
• 1871 – Mens Sana in Corpore Sano 1871 formed.
• 1897 – Population: 30,468. ^[9]

20th century

Allied bombing of Nazi railyard, Siena, c. 1944

• 1901 – Population: 25,539. ^[2]
• 1904 – Società Studio e Divertimento formed.
• 1911 – Population: 41,673. ^[10]
• 1923 – Stadio Artemio Franchi – Montepaschi Arena opens.
• 1932
  • Accademia Musicale Chigiana founded.
  • Pinacoteca Nazionale inaugurated.
• 1935 – Siena railway station opens.
• 1944 – Bombing by Allies.
• 1959 – Biblioteca Comunale degli Intronati (library) active. ^[11]
• 1976 – Palasport Mens Sana arena opens.
• 1995 – Santa Maria della Scala museum opens.

21st century

Siena, 2009

• 2003
  • Fondazione Musei Senesi established. ^[12]
  • Siena–Ampugnano Airport renovated. ^[13]

See also

• Siena history
• History of Siena  [ it ]
• List of governors of Siena
• List of mayors of Siena
• Republic of Siena, 11th–16th centuries
• State Archives of Siena (state archives)

Other cities in the macroregion of Central Italy:^(it)

• Timeline of Ancona, Marche region
• Timeline of Arezzo, Tuscany region
• Timeline of Florence, Tuscany
• Timeline of Grosseto, Tuscany
• Timeline of Livorno, Tuscany
• Timeline of Lucca, Tuscany
• Timeline of Perugia, Umbria region
• Timeline of Pisa, Tuscany
• Timeline of Pistoia, Tuscany
• Timeline of Prato, Tuscany
• Timeline of Rome, Lazio region

References

1. Hastings 1902.
2. Britannica 1910.
3. Gardner 1909.
4. Schevill 1909.
5. Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. p. 129. ISBN   978-0-226-15510-4.
6. Baedeker 1909.
7. "La Storia dell'Accademia". Accademia dei Fisiocritici Onlus. Archived from the original on August 1, 2012. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
8. Heywood 1905.
9. "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
10. "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
11. "(Comune: Siena)". Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane  [ it ] (Registry of Italian Libraries) (in Italian). Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico . Retrieved 28 December 2016.
12. "Forty-three museums scattered throughout the Province of Siena are part of the Fondazione Musei Senesi". Siena: Fondazione Musei Senesi. Archived from the original on April 15, 2013. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
13. "Our history". Aeroporto di Siena. Retrieved August 13, 2012.

Further reading

• Josiah Conder (1834), "Siena", Italy, The Modern Traveller, vol. 33, London: J.Duncan
• Gilbert Hastings (1902), Siena: its architecture and art, London: De La More Press, OCLC   3571094, OL   7173091M
• William Heywood; Lucy Olcott (1905), Guide to Siena: History and Art (3rd ed.), Siena: E. Torrini, OCLC   6980800, OL   22881481M
• "Siena", Central Italy and Rome: Handbook for Travellers (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1909, OCLC   423237
• Edmund Garratt Gardner (1909), The story of Siena and San Gimignano, Mediaeval Towns (3rd ed.), London: J.M. Dent & Co., OL   23342474M
• Ferdinand Schevill (1909), Siena: the story of a mediaeval commune, New York: Scribner, OL   7186295M
• Paoli, Cesare; Ashby, Thomas (1910). "Siena"  . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 25 (11th ed.). pp. 48–53.