535 CE - Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire takes Sicily.[5]
843 - Arabs in power over most of the island, including Messina.[5][3]
902 - Fall of Taormina to the Saracens. The Muslim conquest of the island had begun in 826. Some time between the fall of Syracuse in 878 and the fall of Taormina in 902, the imperial administrator and military commander for the Thema of Sicily, the Strategos, moves across the strait to Rhegion, in Calabria. [3]
965 - Fall of Rometta, an outpost near Messina, and the last imperial possession on the island of Sicily. After this event, the Byzantine military post of "Strategos of Sicily" is altered to "Strategos of Calabria" in the chroniclers' lists.[3]
1038 - George Maniakes liberates Messina and the eastern third of Val Demone, and carries on with the annexation of the eastern coast of Val di Noto, also liberating Syracuse[6].[3]
1061 - Normans arrive in the area. They respect the native population.[3]
1190 - Messina is sacked, looted, and burned by forces of the Angevin King Richard, including the emblematic, Basilian Monastery of San Salvatore, on the pretext of the Norman King William's widow, Joan, and Richard's sister, not receiving her husband's inheritance from the new King of Sicily, Tancred .[3]
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