Current Sovereign States / Decades | before | 1000 | 1010 | 1020 | 1030 | 1040 | 1050 | 1060 | 1070 | 1080 | 1090 | 1100 | 1110 | 1120 | 1130 | 1140 | 1150 | 1160 | 1170 | 1180 | 1190 | 1200 | 1210 | 1220 | 1230 | 1240 | 1250 | 1260 | 1270 | 1280 | 1290 | 1300 | 1310 | 1320 | 1330 | 1340 | 1350 | 1360 | 1370 | 1380 | 1390 | 1400 | 1410 | 1420 | 1430 | 1440 | 1450 | 1460 | 1470 | 1480 | 1490 | 1500 | 1510 | 1520 | 1530 | 1540 | 1550 | 1560 | 1570 | 1580 | 1590 | 1600 | 1610 | 1620 | 1630 | 1640 | 1650 | 1660 | 1670 | 1680 | 1690 | 1700 | 1710 | 1720 | 1730 | 1740 | 1750 | 1760 | 1770 | 1780 | 1790 | 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | Decades / Current Sovereign States |
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United Kingdom | 927 Kingdom of England | 1016 Kingdom of England (Danelaw) | 1042 Kingdom of England | 1649 Commonwealth of England | 1653 Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland | 1659 Commonwealth of England | 1660 Kingdom of England | 1707 Kingdom of Great Britain | 1801 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland | 1922 United Kingdom | United Kingdom |
843 Kingdom of Scotland | 1659 Kingdom of Scotland |
Gaelic Ireland | 1171 Lordship of Ireland | 1541 Kingdom of Ireland | 1659 Kingdom of Ireland |
Ireland | 1922 Ireland | Ireland |
Portugal | 910 Kingdom of León | 1139 Kingdom of Portugal | 1580 United to Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg) | 1640 Kingdom of Portugal | 1910 Portuguese Republic | Portugal |
Spain | 910 Kingdom of León | 1230 Crown of Castile | 1479 Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) | 1492 Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) | 1516 Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg) | 1620 Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg) | 1716 Kingdom of Spain | Spain |
County of Castile | 1035 Kingdom of Castile |
756 Caliphate of Córdoba | 1031 Taifas | 1040 Almoravid Dynasty | 1121 Almohad Dynasty | 1228 Emirate of Granada |
824 Kingdom of Navarre | 1035 Kingdom of Navarre |
1035 Kingdom of Aragon | 1137 Crown of Aragon | 1479 Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) | 1516 Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg) |
801 County of Barcelona | | 1641-1653 Principality of Catalonia, united to the Kingdom of France | |
Andorra | 795 Les Valls (Diocese of Urgell) | 1278 Les Valls | 1396 Les Valls (Crown of Aragon) | 1398 Lordship of Les Valls | 1516 Lordship of Les Valls (Kingdom of Spain) | 1607 Principality of Andorra | 1812 French Empire | 1814 Principality of Andorra | 1933 French Republic | 1940 Principality of Andorra | Andorra |
Malta | 870 Aghlabids | 1091 County of Sicily | 1130 Kingdom of Sicily | 1194 County of Malta (Swabians) | 1266 Kingdom of Sicily | 1283 Crown of Aragon | 1479 Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) | 1516 Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg) | 1530 Knights of St. John of Jerusalem | 1798 French Republic | 1800 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland | 1922 United Kingdom | 1964 Republic of Malta | Malta |
San Marino | 301 Most Serene Republic of San Marino | San Marino |
Vatican City | 752 Papal States | 1870 States of the Church | 1929 Vatican City | Vatican City |
Italy | 705 Saracens, Giudicati | 1185 Giudicati (Holy Roman Empire, Crown of Aragon) | 1323 Crown of Aragon | 1479 Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) | 1504 Crown of Aragon | 1516 Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg) | 1714 Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg) | 1716 Kingdom of Spain | 1720 Kingdom of Sardinia | 1861 Kingdom of Italy | 1946 Italian Republic | Italy |
965 Emirate of Sicily (Fatimid Caliphate) | 1071 County of Sicily | 1130 Kingdom of Sicily | 1137 Kingdom of Sicily | 1155 Kingdom of Sicily | 1282 Kingdom of Sicily | 1720 Kingdom of Sicily (Holy Roman Empire) | 1735 Kingdom of Sicily (Spain) | 1816 Kingdom of the Two Sicilies |
851 Principality of Salerno | 1042 Duchy of Apulia and Calabria | 1282 Kingdom of Naples | 1714 Kingdom of Naples (Holy Roman Empire) | 1735 Kingdom of Naples (Spain) | 1799 Neapolitan Republic (French Republic) 1799 Kingdom of Naples (Spain) | 1806 Kingdom of Naples (French Empire) | 1815 Kingdom of Naples (Spain) |
571 Duchy of Benevento |
839 Principality of Capua | 1027 Duchy of Naples |
1027 Principality of Capua |
1000 Republic of Venice | 1797 Cisalpine Republic (French Republic) | 1802 Italian Republic (French Republic) | 1805 Kingdom of Italy (French Empire) | 1815 Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia (Austrian Empire) |
752 Papal States | 1796 Cispadane Republic (French Republic) | 1814 Duchy of Modena and Reggio | 1859 United Provinces of Central Italy (Sardinia) |
962 Holy Roman Empire | 1032 Holy Roman Empire | 1378 Holy Roman Empire | 1796 Transpadane Republic (French Republic) | 1815 Grand Duchy of Tuscany |
1796 Holy Roman Empire | 1804 French Empire | 1810 French Empire | 1814 Duchy of Parma |
France | 933 Kingdom of Burgundy | 1378 Kingdom of France | 1492 Kingdom of France | 1791 Kingdom of the French | 1792 French Republic | 1794 French Republic | 1814 Kingdom of France | 1830 Kingdom of the French | 1848 French Republic | 1852 French Empire | 1870 French Republic | 1940 French State (Nazi Germany) | 1944 French Republic | 1946 French Republic | 1958 French Republic | France |
843 Kingdom of France |
Belgium | 962 Holy Roman Empire | 1291 Holy Roman Empire | 1579 Spanish Netherlands (Habsburg) | 1713 Austrian Netherlands (Habsburg) | 1790 United States of Belgium 1790 Austrian Netherlands (Austria) | 1815 United Kingdom of the Netherlands | 1830 Kingdom of Belgium | 1940 Kingdom of Belgium (Nazi Germany) | 1944 Kingdom of Belgium | Belgium |
Luxembourg | 1790 Austrian Netherlands (Habsburg) | 1830 Netherlands | 1839 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | 1940 Luxembourg (Nazi Germany) | 1942 Nazi Germany | 1944 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | Luxembourg |
Netherlands | 1579 Holy Roman Empire | 1581 Dutch Republic | 1795 Batavian Republic | 1806 Kingdom of Holland | 1839 Netherlands | 1940 Netherlands (Nazi Germany) | 1945 Netherlands | Netherlands |
Switzerland | 1291 Swiss Confederacy | 1798 Helvetic Republic | 1802 Swiss Confederation | 1815 Swiss Confederation | 1848 Switzerland | Switzerland |
Liechtenstein | 1291 Holy Roman Empire | 1701 Kingdom of Prussia (Holy Roman Empire) | 1772 Kingdom of Prussia (Holy Roman Empire) | 1806 Liechtenstein | 1815 German Confederation | 1866 Liechtenstein | Liechtenstein |
Germany | 1806 Confederation of the Rhine (French Empire) | 1866 North German Confederation | 1871 German Empire | 1919 Weimar Republic | 1933 Nazi Germany | 1938 Nazi Germany | 1945 German Realm | 1949 West Germany | 1990 Germany | Germany |
1949 East Germany |
Poland | 960 Civitas Schinesghe | 1025 Kingdom of Poland | 1385 Kingdom of Poland | 1569 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | 1807 Duchy of Warsaw (French Empire) | 1918 Republic of Poland | 1944 People's Republic of Poland | 1990 Republic of Poland | Poland |
Austria | 962 Holy Roman Empire | 1278 Habsburg Austria | 1526 Habsburg Austria | 1804 Austrian Empire | 1867 Austria-Hungary | 1918 German Austria 1919 Federal State of Austria | 1945 Allied-occupied Austria | 1955 Republic of Austria | Austria |
Czech Republic | 1278 Holy Roman Empire | 1918 Czechoslovak Republic | 1945 Czechoslovak Republic | 1960 Czechoslovak Socialist Republic | 1990 Czech and Slovak Federal Republic | 1992 Czech Republic | Czech Republic |
Slovakia | 1939 Slovak State | 1992 Slovakia | Slovakia |
Hungary | 895 Principality of Hungary | 1000 Kingdom of Hungary | 1301 Kingdom of Hungary | 1526 Kingdom of Hungary | 1918 Hungarian People's Republic 1919 Hungarian Soviet Republic 1919 Hungarian Republic | 1920 Kingdom of Hungary | 1946 Hungarian Republic | 1949 Hungarian People's Republic | 1989 Hungarian Republic | Hungary |
1526 Eastern Hungarian Kingdom | 1570 Principality of Transylvania | 1711 Grand Principality of Transylvania |
Slovenia | 962 Holy Roman Empire | 1804 Austrian Empire | 1918 Kingdom of Yugoslavia | 1943 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | 1991 Republic of Slovenia | Slovenia |
Croatia | 925 Kingdom of Croatia | 1102 Kingdom of Croatia (Hungary) | 1527 Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) | 1991 Republic of Croatia | Croatia |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Banate of Bosnia (Bulgaria) | 1019 Banate of Bosnia (Byzantine Empire) | 1082 Kingdom of Duklja | 1102 Banate of Bosnia (Hungary) | 1166 Banate of Bosnia (Byzantine Empire) | 1377 Kingdom of Bosnia | 1463 Ottoman Empire | 1540 Ottoman Empire | 1817 Ottoman Empire | 1878 Austria-Hungary | 1991 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | 1992 Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1997 Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Serbia | Serb State | 1018 Byzantine Empire | 1077 Kingdom of Duklja | 1102 Kingdom of Duklja | 1219 Kingdom of Serbia | 1341 Kingdom of Serbia | 1346 Serbian Empire | 1371 Moravian Serbia | 1402 Serbian Despotate | 1817 Principality of Serbia | 1882 Kingdom of Serbia | 1992 Serbia and Montenegro | 2006 Republic of Serbia | Serbia |
Montenegro | 1341 Principality of Zeta | 1496 Ottoman Empire | 1817 Ottoman Empire | 1821 Ottoman Empire | 1852 Principality of Montenegro | 1910 Kingdom of Montenegro | 2006 Montenegro | Montenegro |
North Macedonia | 680 First Bulgarian Empire | 1077 Byzantine Empire | 1185 Byzantine Empire | 1257 Second Bulgarian Empire | 1277 Byzantine Empire | 1282 Kingdom of Serbia | 1346 Serbian Empire | 1392 Ottoman Empire | 1396 Ottoman Empire | 1479 Ottoman Empire | 1852 Ottoman Empire | 1878 Ottoman Empire | 1912 Kingdom of Serbia | 1991 Republic of Macedonia | 2019 North Macedonia | North Macedonia |
Bulgaria | 1185 Second Bulgarian Empire | 1277 Second Bulgarian Empire | 1878 Principality of Bulgaria | 1908 Kingdom of Bulgaria | 1946 People's Republic of Bulgaria | 1990 Republic of Bulgaria | Bulgaria |
Albania | 1185 Byzantine Empire | 1190 Principality of Arbër | 1255 Despotate of Epirus | 1261 Byzantine Empire | 1272 Kingdom of Albania (Sicily) | 1368 Princedom of Albania | 1444 League of Lezhë | 1878 Ottoman Empire | 1912 Provisional Government of Albania | 1914 Principality of Albania | 1925 Albanian Republic | 1928 Albanian Kingdom | 1939 Albanian Kingdom (Italy) | 1943 Albanian Kingdom (Germany) | 1946 Socialist People's Republic of Albania | 1991 Republic of Albania | Albania |
1190 Byzantine Empire | 1204 Despotate of Epirus | 1272 Byzantine Empire | 1453 Byzantine Empire | 1914 Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus |
Greece | 330 Byzantine Empire | 1204 Latin Empire | 1453 Ottoman Empire | 1821 Eastern Continental Greece | 1822 Hellenic Republic | 1832 Kingdom of Greece | 1924 Hellenic Republic | 1935 Kingdom of Greece | 1941 Hellenic State (Germany and Italy) | 1944 Kingdom of Greece | 1974 Hellenic Republic | Greece |
Turkey | 1077 Sultanate of Rûm | 1299 Ottoman Empire | 1821 Ottoman Empire | 1923 Republic of Turkey | Turkey |
Romania | Dacia | 168 BC Dacia | 1241 Golden Horde (Mongol Empire) | 1317 Principality of Wallachia | 1417 Principality of Wallachia (Ottoman Empire)) | 1859 United Principalities | 1881 Kingdom of Romania | 1918 Kingdom of Romania | 1940 Kingdom of Romania | 1941 Kingdom of Romania | 1944 Kingdom of Romania | 1947 Socialist Republic of Romania | 1989 Romania | Romania |
1317 Golden Horde (Mongol Empire) | 1346 Principality of Moldavia | 1538 Principality of Moldavia (Ottoman Empire) | 1812 Principality of Moldavia (Ottoman Empire) |
Moldova | 1812 Russian Empire | 1914 Russian Empire | 1917 Moldavian Democratic Republic | 1940 Soviet Union | 1944 Soviet Union | 1991 Moldova | Moldova |
Ukraine | 880 Kievan Rus' | 1001 Kievan Rus' | 1162 Kievan Rus' | 1175 Principality of Pereyaslavl | 1346 Golden Horde (Mongol Empire) | 1441 Crimean Khanate | 1478 Crimean Khanate (Ottoman Empire) | 1772 Russian Empire | 1795 Russian Empire | 1917 Ukrainian People's Republic | 1920 Soviet Ukraine | 1922 Soviet Union | 1939 Soviet Union | 1941 Nazi Germany | 1990 Ukraine | Ukraine |
1175 Kievan Rus' | 1199 Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia | 1349 Grand Duchy of Lithuania | 1404 Grand Duchy of Lithuania | 1569 Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania | 1917 West Ukrainian People's Republic | 1920 Republic of Poland |
Belarus | 1162 Principality of Turov and Pinsk | 1223 Principality of Turov and Pinsk (Galicia–Volhynia) | 1263 Kingdom of Belarus | 1917 Belarusian People’s Republic | 1990 Republic of Belarus | Belarus |
1920 Soviet Byelorussia | 1922 Soviet Union |
1001 Principality of Polotsk |
Russia | 1001 Kievan Rus' | 1010 Principality of Smolensk | 1917 Russian Republic 1917 Soviet Russia | 1941 Soviet Union | 1991 Russian Federation | Russia |
1010 Kievan Rus' | 1024 Principality of Chernigov | 1097 Principality of Chernigov | 1401 Grand Duchy of Lithuania |
1097 Principality of Novgorod-Seversk |
1097 Principality of Murom-Ryazan | 1237 Mongol Empire | 1238 Mongol Empire | 1240 Golden Horde (Mongol Empire) | 1283 Golden Horde (Mongol Empire) | 1520 Grand Duchy of Moscow | 1547 Tsardom of Russia | 1721 Russian Empire |
1024 Kievan Rus' | 1093 Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal | 1283 Grand Duchy of Moscow (Mongol Empire) | 1478 Grand Duchy of Moscow (Mongol Empire) | 1480 Grand Duchy of Moscow |
1093 Kievan Rus' | 1136 Novgorod Republic |
Lithuania | Baltic People | 1009 Lithuanians | 1251 Kingdom of Lithuania | 1263 Grand Duchy of Lithuania | 1569 Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania | 1914 Ober Ost (German Empire) | 1918 Republic of Lithuania | 1941 Nazi Germany | 1990 Republic of Lithuania | Lithuania |
Latvia | Baltic People | 1180 Principality of Koknese | 1207 Livonia | 1219 Livonia | 1224 Teutonic Order | 1346 Teutonic Order | 1525 Livonia | 1559 Livonia | 1561 Livonia | 1562 Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (Lithuania) | 1569 Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (Poland and Lithuania) | 1791 Duchy of Courland and Semigallia | 1918 Republic of Latvia | 1990 Republic of Latvia | Latvia |
1561 Duchy of Livonia (Lithuania) | 1569 Duchy of Livonia (Poland and Lithuania) | 1629 Swedish Livonia (Swedish Empire) | 1721 Russian Empire | 1741 Russian Empire |
Estonia | Ancient Estonians | 1561 Duchy of Estonia (Swedish Empire) | 1645 Duchy of Estonia (Swedish Empire) | 1918 Republic of Estonia | 1990 Republic of Estonia | Estonia |
1219 Duchy of Estonia (Kingdom of Denmark) | 1559 Duchy of Estonia (Kingdom of Denmark) |
Finland | Ancient Finns | 1249 Kingdom of Sweden | 1397 Kalmar Union | 1523 Kingdom of Sweden | 1611 Kingdom of Sweden | 1718 Kingdom of Sweden | 1809 Grand Duchy of Finland (Russian Empire) | 1917 Republic of Finland | Finland |
Sweden | 1000 Kingdom of Sweden | 1809 | 1814 United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway | 1905 Kingdom of Sweden | Sweden |
Norway | 1035 Kingdom of Norway | 1262 Kingdom of Norway | 1523 Kalmar Union | 1536 Denmark–Norway | 1905 Kingdom of Norway | 1940 Kingdom of Norway (Nazi Germany) | 1945 Kingdom of Norway | Norway |
Iceland | 930 Icelandic Commonwealth | 1814 Kingdom of Denmark | 1918 Kingdom of Iceland (Kingdom of Denmark) | 1941 Iceland (Great Britain) | 1944 Iceland | Iceland |
Denmark | 980 Kingdom of Denmark | 1918 Kingdom of Denmark | 1941 Kingdom of Denmark (Nazi Germany) | 1945 Kingdom of Denmark | Denmark |
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Current Sovereign States / Decades | before | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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1000 | 1010 | 1020 | 1030 | 1040 | 1050 | 1060 | 1070 | 1080 | 1090 | 1100 | 1110 | 1120 | 1130 | 1140 | 1150 | 1160 | 1170 | 1180 | 1190 | 1200 | 1210 | 1220 | 1230 | 1240 | 1250 | 1260 | 1270 | 1280 | 1290 | 1300 | 1310 | 1320 | 1330 | 1340 | 1350 | 1360 | 1370 | 1380 | 1390 | 1400 | 1410 | 1420 | 1430 | 1440 | 1450 | 1460 | 1470 | 1480 | 1490 | 1500 | 1510 | 1520 | 1530 | 1540 | 1550 | 1560 | 1570 | 1580 | 1590 | 1600 | 1610 | 1620 | 1630 | 1640 | 1650 | 1660 | 1670 | 1680 | 1690 | 1700 | 1710 | 1720 | 1730 | 1740 | 1750 | 1760 | 1770 | 1780 | 1790 | 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | Decades / Current Sovereign States |
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