Tsuchiura

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Tsuchiura
土浦市
City
Tsuchiura montage.JPG
Upper: Kijo Park
Middle:Tsuchiura Castle, Tsuchiura Station
Lower:Skyline
Flag of Tsuchiura, Ibaraki.svg
Flag
Emblem of Tsuchiura, Ibaraki.svg
Seal
Tsuchiura in Ibaraki Prefecture Ja.svg
Location of Tsuchiura in Ibaraki Prefecture
Japan location map with side map of the Ryukyu Islands.svg
Red pog.svg
Tsuchiura
 
Coordinates: 36°4′N140°12′E / 36.067°N 140.200°E / 36.067; 140.200
Country Japan
Region Kantō
Prefecture Ibaraki
First official recorded770 AD
City SettledNovember 3, 1940
Government
 • Mayor Mariko Andō (from November 2019)
Area
 • Total
122.89 km2 (47.45 sq mi)
Population
 (January 2024)
 • Total
142,181
 • Density1,200/km2 (3,000/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Phone number029-826-1111
Address9-1 Yamato-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki-ken 300-8686
Climate Cfa
Website Official website
Symbols
Bird Great reed warbler, Japanese bush warbler
Flower Sakura
Tree Populus, Zelkova serrata
Tsuchiura city hall Tsuchiura Urala 201510.JPG
Tsuchiura city hall

Tsuchiura (土浦市, Tsuchiura-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2024, the city had an estimated population in 2024 of 142,181 people in 66,629 households, and a population density of 1,157 persons per squate kilometre. The proportion of the population aged over 65 was 29.7%. [1] The total area of the city is 122.89 square kilometres (47.45 sq mi). About 3,000 residents are non-Japanese, a large proportion of these being Filipinos, Chinese or Brazilians.

Contents

Geography

Located in southwestern Ibaraki Prefecture, Tsuchiura is situated along the western shore of Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan. Tokyo lies about 60 km to the south, and Tsukuba science city borders Tsuchiura to the west.

Surrounding municipalities

Ibaraki Prefecture

Climate

Tsuchiura has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Tsuchiura is 13.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1286 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.8 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.8 °C. [2]

Climate data for Tsuchiura (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)18.3
(64.9)		24.1
(75.4)		26.3
(79.3)		29.0
(84.2)		33.5
(92.3)		35.2
(95.4)		38.1
(100.6)		38.5
(101.3)		37.1
(98.8)		33.7
(92.7)		25.4
(77.7)		25.1
(77.2)		38.5
(101.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)9.4
(48.9)		10.1
(50.2)		13.4
(56.1)		18.6
(65.5)		22.9
(73.2)		25.4
(77.7)		29.4
(84.9)		31.0
(87.8)		27.1
(80.8)		21.6
(70.9)		16.4
(61.5)		11.6
(52.9)		19.7
(67.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)4.0
(39.2)		4.8
(40.6)		8.2
(46.8)		13.2
(55.8)		17.8
(64.0)		21.0
(69.8)		24.9
(76.8)		26.2
(79.2)		22.8
(73.0)		17.3
(63.1)		11.5
(52.7)		6.3
(43.3)		14.8
(58.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−0.9
(30.4)		−0.1
(31.8)		3.2
(37.8)		8.3
(46.9)		13.5
(56.3)		17.6
(63.7)		21.5
(70.7)		22.9
(73.2)		19.4
(66.9)		13.5
(56.3)		6.9
(44.4)		1.5
(34.7)		10.6
(51.1)
Record low °C (°F)−7.6
(18.3)		−7.1
(19.2)		−4.9
(23.2)		−1.6
(29.1)		3.6
(38.5)		10.1
(50.2)		13.4
(56.1)		16.0
(60.8)		8.8
(47.8)		2.7
(36.9)		−1.9
(28.6)		−6.5
(20.3)		−7.6
(18.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)48.8
(1.92)		45.8
(1.80)		90.5
(3.56)		105.1
(4.14)		121.3
(4.78)		123.5
(4.86)		123.6
(4.87)		99.1
(3.90)		171.9
(6.77)		177.7
(7.00)		74.8
(2.94)		47.4
(1.87)		1,229.3
(48.40)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)4.85.49.410.010.711.710.47.510.810.67.35.4104
Mean monthly sunshine hours 196.6176.6180.8184.7180.3128.5150.3181.5136.6136.5151.4174.41,978.2
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency [3] [4]

Demographics

According to Census data, [5] the population of Tsuchiura has recently plateaued after a long period of growth.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1950 78,344—    
1960 79,779+1.8%
1970 98,313+23.2%
1980 121,300+23.4%
1990 137,103+13.0%
2000 144,106+5.1%
2010 143,839−0.2%
2020 142,074−1.2%

History

Prehistory

Human settlement in the Tsuchiura area dates to the Japanese Paleolithic period. Hunter-gatherers inhabited the coastal area of the Pacific Ocean (now Lake Kasumigaura) forming large shell middens, examples of which can be seen at the Kamitakatsu archeological site. Locals began wet-rice cultivation, and development of iron and bronze technology, during the Yayoi period. In the Kofun period numerous Burial mounds were constructed in the area.

8th century to 19th century

During the Nara period the area was organized under the Taihō Code with what is now Tsuchiura occupying four districts of Hitachi Province. In 939, during the Heian period, Taira no Masakado led an uprising against the central government by attacking the provincial capital at Ishioka, a few kilometers to the north of Tsuchiura.

During the Kamakura period and the Sengoku period, the area was dominated by several samurai clans. During the Edo period, part of what is now Tsuchiura was administered as a castle town by Tsuchiura Domain, one of the feudal domains under the Tokugawa shogunate. The area prospered due to its position on the Mito Kaidō, a highway connecting Edo with Mito, and on a canal connecting Lake Kasumigaura to Edo Bay.

Modern period

With the creation of modern municipalities after the Meiji Restoration on April 1, 1889, the town of Tsuchiura was established within Ibaraki Prefecture. In 1895 railroad service was started in Tsuchiura. The Gothic Revival architecture of the old junior high school from this period can be seen at the Dai'ichi high school.

Tsuchiura was elevated to city status when the towns of Manabe and Tsuchiura were merged on November 3, 1940. During World War II the city suffered damage in an air raid on June 10, 1945.

On September 1, 1951, Tsuchiura absorbed parts of the village of Asahi on the shore of Arakawa and also absorbed the village of Towa. The city absorbed the village of Kamiotsu on November 1, 1954. On February 20, 2006, the village of Niihari (from Niihari District) was merged into Tsuchiura.

Government

The city is managed by the mayor's office and the city council under the mayor-council government system. The mayor is elected through a citywide election and the members of the city council are elected from districts within the city. The mayor's office is made up of the Mayor, Kiyoshi Nakagawa (中川清), and two Vice Mayors, Hideaki Goto (五頭英明) and Hiroshi Koizumi (小泉祐司). The 28-member city council is headed by Chairperson Kiyoshi Yaguchi (矢口清). Tsuchiura's political system is similar to that of other cities in Japan, as the Local Autonomy Law makes all municipalities uniform in powers and organization.

Tsuchiura sends three members to the Ibaraki Prefectural Assembly.

Tsuchiura is part of Ibaraki 6th district for elections to the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

Tsuchiura was formerly the center of commerce in southern Ibaraki Prefecture due to its good rail connections and location on Lake Kasumigaura. It was also the location of a major base of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Corps both before and during the war. In the postwar era, the development of the Japanese national highway system, selection of neighboring Tsukuba as a center for government investment and development, and increasing suburbanization has resulted in the closure of many department stores and commercial facilities in the center of the city. The city has several industrial parks. Present land usage is over 30% agricultural, [1] with lotus root as a famous local crop.

Education

Transportation

Railway

JR logo (east).svg JR East – Jōban Line

Highway

Sister citiess

Local attractions

Notable people

Cerulean City from the Japanese game series Pokémon is geographically placed in the real-world location of Tsuchiura City because of the lake nearby. [6]

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References

  1. 1 2 "Ibaraki prefectural official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
  2. ↑ Tsuchiura climate data
  3. ↑ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA . Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  4. ↑ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA . Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  5. ↑ Tsuchiura population statistics
  6. ↑ "Pokemon: 10 Kanto Locations You Can Visit in the Real World". 13 April 2021.

Commons-logo.svg Media related to Tsuchiura, Ibaraki at Wikimedia Commons

Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg Tsuchiura travel guide from Wikivoyage

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