Luteolin is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, with a yellow crystalline appearance.
Heracleum sphondylium, commonly known as hogweed or common hogweed, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the carrot family Apiaceae, which includes fennel, cow parsley, ground elder and giant hogweed. It is native to most of Europe, western Asia and northern Africa, but is introduced in North America and elsewhere. Other common names include cow parsnip or eltrot. The flowers provide a great deal of nectar for pollinators.
Kaempferol (3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonol, a type of flavonoid, found in a variety of plants and plant-derived foods including kale, beans, tea, spinach, and broccoli. Kaempferol is a yellow crystalline solid with a melting point of 276–278 °C (529–532 °F). It is slightly soluble in water and highly soluble in hot ethanol, ethers, and DMSO. Kaempferol is named for 17th-century German naturalist Engelbert Kaempfer.
Erythronium dens-canis, the dog's-tooth-violet or dogtooth violet, is a bulbous herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Liliaceae, growing to 25 cm (10 in). It is native to central and southern Europe from Portugal to Ukraine. It is the only naturally occurring species of Erythronium in Europe. Despite its common name, it is not closely related to the true violets of genus Viola.
α-Glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20, is a glucosidase located in the brush border of the small intestine that acts upon α bonds:
Flavones are a class of flavonoids based on the backbone of 2-phenylchromen-4-one (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one).
Scutellaria lateriflora, is a hardy perennial herb of the mint family, Lamiaceae, native to North America.
Flavonoids are synthesized by the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in which the amino acid phenylalanine is used to produce 4-coumaroyl-CoA. This can be combined with malonyl-CoA to yield the true backbone of flavonoids, a group of compounds called chalcones, which contain two phenyl rings. Conjugate ring-closure of chalcones results in the familiar form of flavonoids, the three-ringed structure of a flavone. The metabolic pathway continues through a series of enzymatic modifications to yield flavanones → dihydroflavonols → anthocyanins. Along this pathway, many products can be formed, including the flavonols, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins (tannins) and a host of other various polyphenolics.
Veronicastrum sibiricum, the Sibirian veronicastrum, is a plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae.
In enzymology, a flavone 7-O-beta-glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Styphnolobium japonicum, the Japanese pagoda tree is a species of tree in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
Veronicastrum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae. In some taxonomy systems, Veronicastrum species have been placed within the genus Veronica. The most commonly cultivated species is Veronicastrum virginicum, which is native to the Eastern parts of North America. Veronicastrum has previously been part of the family Scrophulariaceae. However, following recent genetic studies, several genera were transferred to other families including Veronicastrum, transferred to Plantaginaceae.
Isoorientin is a flavone, a chemical flavonoid-like compound. It is the luteolin-6-C-glucoside. Bioassay-directed fractionation techniques led to isolation of isoorientin as the main hypoglycaemic component in Gentiana olivieri. Studies also showed that isoorientin is a potential neuroprotective compound against Alzheimer's disease.
Apigetrin is a chemical compound that can be found in dandelion coffee and in Teucrium gnaphalodes.
Phellamurin, a flavonoid, is the 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 8-C-prenyl derivative of the flavan-on-ol Aromadendrin, and may be seen as the 7-O-glucoside of noricaritin. Being a flavanonol, it has two stereocenters on the C-ring, so four stereoisomers of phellamurin are possible.
Cynaroside is a flavone, a flavonoid-like chemical compound. It is a 7-O-glucoside of luteolin.
The O-methylated flavonoids or methoxyflavonoids are flavonoids with methylations on hydroxyl groups. O-methylation has an effect on the solubility of flavonoids.
Cirsilineol is a bioactive flavone isolated from Artemisia and from Teucrium gnaphalodes.
Teucrium gnaphalodes is a plant species in the genus Teucrium. It is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula and grows at altitudes between 200 and 1500 m. It flowers from March to July.
Phlomoides tuberosa, the sage-leaf mullein, is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia; SW Asia and Europe. Enlarged, tuberous roots give rise to erect stems to 150 cm bearing purple-red flowers.
