| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | Vittoria |
| Launched | 1813, Whitehaven |
| Captured | 7 August 1822 |
| Fate | Wrecked 1822 after capture |
| General characteristics | |
| Tons burthen | 236, or 242 (bm) |
| Armament | 2 × 4–pounder guns |
Vittoria was launched at Whitehaven in 1813 as a West Indiaman. Pirates captured and wrecked her in 1822.
Missing pages in an on-line copy of Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1814 mean that Vittoria first appeared in LR in 1815. [1]
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1815 | Twentyman | W.Bowes | Greenock–Jamaica London–New York | LR |
| 1818 | Twentyman Montgomery | W.Bowes | London–Barbados | LR |
| 1819 | Montgomery | J.Grigg C.Davison | London–Charleston | LR |
| 1820 | Montgomery W.Hearn | C.Davison Cohen & Co. | London–Charleston | LR |
Judah Cohen and his older brother Hymen Cohen were co-partners in Hymen Cohen & Company, in London. They came to be the most extensive slave owners in Jamaica and the British West Indies in general. They also dealt with trade to Jamaica, and from 1820 or so owned Vittoria
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1821 | W.Hearn | Cohen & Co. | London–Jamaica | LR |
On 7 August 1822 a pirate vessel captured Vittoria, Hearn, master, as Vittoria was sailing from Jamaica to London. The pirates also captured another vessel, Industry, Cook, master, which had been sailing from Montego Bay to St Thomas. The pirates put Vittoria's crew aboard Industry and let Industry go. [2]
On 10 August Industry encountered HMS Carnation, under Commander Walcott, which took Hearn and some of his men aboard, offering to take them to Jamaica. Instead, Hearn offered himself and his men to help in the search of the pirates. Then, on 13 August, Carnation transferred Hearn and some of his men to Blackett, which accepted them as passengers for Liverpool. [lower-alpha 1]
Reports from Charleston stated that Vittoria sat inside the Colorados for six weeks while the pirates slowly unloaded her cargo of coffee, which was sold in Havana. Some weeks later Lieutenant Geary of HMS Speedwell discovered bills of lading and coffee bags from Vittoria, when Speedwell raided a pirate base. [3] The pirates also removed Nicaragua wood, lignum vitae and lancewood spars. [3]
The pirates ran Vittoria aground, wrecking her. Hymen Cohen, Judah Cohen, Andrew Cohen, Alexander Hiam Cohen, Judah Hymen Cohen, the owners of Vittoria and her cargo, put the value of their loss at £27,000. [3] Estimates of underwriters' losses ranged between £30,000 and £40,000, including losses on Industry.
HMS York was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 24 March 1796. She served briefly in the West Indies where she captured numerous small vessels. She was wrecked in 1804.
HMS Speedwell was the mercantile Royal George, which the Royal Navy purchased in 1815 and converted to a 5-gun schooner. During her career in the West Indies, she helped capture or destroy a number of pirate vessels, and capture several slave ships. The Royal Navy sold her at Jamaica in 1834.
HMS Nimrod was a brig-sloop of the British Royal Navy, launched in 1812. She spent her war years in north American waters where she captured one small privateer, assisted in the capture of another, and captured or destroyed some 50 American vessels. After the war she captured smugglers and assisted the civil authorities in maintaining order in Tyne. She was wrecked in 1827 and so damaged that the Navy decided she was not worth repairing. A private ship-owner purchased Nimrod and repaired her. She then went on to spend some 20 years trading between Britain and Charleston, the Mediterranean, Australia, and India. She was last listed in 1851.
Vittoria has been the name of several vessels:
Alexander was launched in 1800 at Hull, or actually further up the River Ouse at Selby, and probably under another name. From 1807 on she was a West Indiaman. She was wrecked on 19 May 1820 while sailing to Honduras.
Auguste was a French 14-gun privateer commissioned in Saint-Malo in November 1811 under Pierre Jean Marie Lepeltier. She captured numerous British merchant vessels before the Royal Navy forced her in January 1814 to run onshore and wreck.
Chiswick was built at Batavia in the Netherlands East Indies for Dutch owners but quickly fell into British hands. She became a West Indiaman. The French captured her in 1804 but she quickly returned to British hands. She was wrecked at Aux Cayes in 1808. Her loss gave rise to an interesting case in cargo insurance.
Lord Wellington was launched in 1810 at Rochester, or equally, Chatham, as a West Indiaman. She made at least one voyage to India under a license from the British East India Company (EIC). She then made a voyage to New South Wales transporting female convicts from England and Ireland. She was lost in December 1822 off Denmark while sailing from Saint Petersburg to London.
Loyal Sam was a merchantman launched at Bermuda in 1806. She was captured and recaptured in 1812. She also underwent several maritime incidents in 1806, 1821, and 1824. She was wrecked in 1830.
Roselle was launched at Hull in 1797. She spent much of her career as a West Indiaman, sailing between Leith and Jamaica. An American privateer captured her in 1814 and she wrecked on the Charleston Bar as the prize crew was bringing her to an American port.
Judah Mordechai Cohen was a Dutch-born London-based Jewish merchant and slave plantation owner with interests in Jamaica. With over 1255 slaves on his plantations, Cohen was one of the most extensive slave owners in Jamaica and the British West Indies in general at the time of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. He had been involved in trade in the West Indies as a partner of his older brother Hymen Cohen since 1804.
Lady Holland was launched in 1811 at Rochester, as a West Indiaman. She underwent one maritime incident in 1812. She continued sailing to the West Indies until 1826. Then she began sailing to India uner a license from the British East India Company. She wrecked in February 1830 on the outbound leg of her third voyage to Bengal.
Nimble was built at Plymouth in 1813. Initially she engaged in a triangular trade between Africa, Brazil, and Britain. She then sailed between Britain and the eastern Mediterranean. She was twice plundered by pirates, once while on her way to Brazil and the some years later as she was on her way to Smyrna. In 1824 her owners had her lengthened. In 1828–1830 Nimble sailed to Mauritius under a licence from the British East India Company (EIC). She was last listed in 1833.
Vittoria was a schooner launched at Baltimore in 1811 under another name. British owners acquired her in 1813, probably as a prize, and renamed her. She became a privateer sailing out of Guernsey and captured at least three vessels trading between the United States and France. She disappeared from online records circa 1814, though she remains listed to 1818 with data unchanged from 1813. A French privateer may have captured her in 1814.
HMS Tyne was launched at Topsham in 1814 as a Conway-class sixth rate. She served in the East Indies and in the Pacific Squadron. She also served in the Caribbean, cruising against pirates, during which she captured the pirate schooner Zaragozana. In 1825 the Navy sold Tyne and she became a whaler. She was lost in early 1827 in the Bonin Islands on her first voyage to the British southern whale fishery.
HMS Renegade was a schooner built in the United States in 1820, or possibly even earlier. She had been the pirate ship Zaragozana operating out of Havana that the British Royal Navy captured on 31 March 1823 and took into service. The Navy sold HMS Renegade in January 1826.
HMS Lion was the pirate schooner Gata, built in Baltimore in 1820, that the Royal Navy captured in 1823 and took into service. She took part in numerous expeditions against pirates, recaptured some of their prizes, and captured a slave ship. The Navy sold her in 1826.
Ottawa was a merchant ship launched at Quebec in 1814 that sailed to England and acquired English registry. In 1815 a US privateer captured her. Although the Royal Navy recaptured her, the Vice-admiralty court at Jamaica restored to her original captors. She returned to British ownership and was wrecked in 1822.
Several ships have been named Trelawney or Trelawny.