Wenchuan County

Last updated
Wenchuan County
汶川县
ཝུན་ཁྲོན་རྫོང་།
Kvusa
County
1 wenchuan county sichuan panorama 2013.jpg
Wenchuan panorama in 2013
Location of Wenchuan within Sichuan (China).png
Location of Wenchuan County (red) in Ngawa Prefecture (yellow) and Sichuan
China Sichuan adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Wenchuan
Location of the seat in Sichuan
China edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Wenchuan
Wenchuan (China)
Coordinates: 31°28′37″N103°35′24″E / 31.477°N 103.590°E / 31.477; 103.590
Country China
Province Sichuan
Autonomous prefecture Ngawa
County seat Weizhou
Area
 • Total4,804 km2 (1,855 sq mi)
Population
 (2020) [1]
 • Total82,971
 • Density17/km2 (45/sq mi)
 • Major nationalities
Qiang - 39.5%
Han - 38.7%
Tibetan - 20.4%
Hui - 1.1%
Others - 0.3%
Time zone UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
623000
Area code 0837
Website www.wenchuan.gov.cn

On May 12, 2008, an earthquake with moment magnitude 7.9 hit the Sichuan Province, with epicentre located in the town of Yingxiu, in Wenchuan county. The county was therefore one of the areas most severely affected by the earthquake. In Chinese, the earthquake is named after the county (the Wenchuan earthquake, 汶川地震), which made its name resonate across the nation. In the county, 15,941 people died, 34,583 were injured, and 7,474 were still missing as of June 6, 2008. [11] [12] The seismic intensity was the highest, reaching level XI in the China Seismic Intensity Scale. [13] After the earthquake, the central government enforced stricter requirements for seismic design in this area. [14] The earthquake also caused many landslides, some of which remained active for years and generated destructive debris flows during the summer rainstorms, which increased the death toll and slowed reconstruction and recovery of the communities in the county. [7] [15]

Subdivisions

Wenchuan County administers nine towns: [16]

Wenchuan County
Chinese name
Chinese 汶川
NameSimplified ChineseHanyu Pinyin Tibetan Wylie Qiang Administrative division code
Towns
Weizhou Town 威州镇Wēizhōu Zhènཝེ་ཀྲོའུ་གྲོང་རྡལ།we krovu grong rdal513221100
Yingxiu Town 映秀镇Yìngxiù Zhènདབྱིངས་ཤིའུ་གྲོང་རྡལ།dbyings shivu grong rdal513221102
Wolong Town 卧龙镇Wòlóng Zhènཨོ་ལུང་གྲོང་རྡལ།o lung grong rdalVvolong513221103
Shuimo Town 水磨镇Shuǐmó Zhènཧྲུའི་མའོ་གྲོང་རྡལ།hruvi mavo grong rdal513221105
Xuankou Town 漩口镇Xuánkǒu Zhènཞོན་ཁོའུ་གྲོང་རྡལ།zhon khovu grong rdal513221106
Sanjiang Town 三江镇Sānjiāng Zhènསན་ཅང་གྲོང་རྡལ།san cang grong rdal513221107
Gengda Town 耿达镇Gěngdá Zhènཀུན་ཏ་གྲོང་རྡལ།kun ta grong rdal513221108
Miansi Town 绵虒镇Miánsī Zhènམེན་ཁྲི་གྲོང་རྡལ།men khri grong rdal513221109
Bazhou Town 灞州镇Bàzhōu Zhènབཱ་ཀྲོའུ་གྲོང་རྡལbā krovu grong rdal513221111

Demographics

Population census
YearPop.±% p.a.
1990 96,054—    
1996 104,000+1.33%
2000 111,935+1.86%
2005 106,238−1.04%
2010 100,771−1.05%

According to a 2021 publication by the county government, Wenchuan County's ethnic composition is 39.5% Qiang, 38.7% Han, 20.4% Tibetan, 1.1% Hui, and 0.3% belonging to other ethnic minorities. [5]

The 2010 Chinese Census reported the county's population as 100,771 people. [6]

In 2005, the county reported a population of 106,238, with 34.16% of the population being ethnically Qiang. [17]

The 2000 Chinese Census reported the county's population as 111,935. [6]

In 1996, the county's population was estimated to be about 104,000, up from the 96,054 reported in 1990. [6]

The monumentale sculpture on the place is Yu the Great (Da Yu ), Qiang people hero and founder of the Xia dynasty. 1 wenchuan sichuan panorama 2013.jpg
The monumentale sculpture on the place is Yu the Great (大禹), Qiang people hero and founder of the Xia dynasty.

Economy

As of 2019, Wenchuan County's gross domestic product totaled ¥7.264 billion, a 6.2% increase from the previous year. [5] Consumer retail sales totaled ¥1.082 billion. [5] The annual per capita disposable income of the county reached ¥34,513 for its urban residents, and ¥15,049 for its rural residents, an increase of 8.2% and 12.0%, respectively. [5]

According to the county government, there were 4,440 people in the county living in poverty in 2014. [5] The county government claims that all its citizens were lifted out of poverty in 2019. [5]

Tourism

A Giant panda cub in Wolong National Nature Reserve Panda Cub from Wolong, Sichuan, China.JPG
A Giant panda cub in Wolong National Nature Reserve

Wenchuan County is home to the Wolong National Nature Reserve, as well as the Sichuan Caopo Nature Reserve (Chinese :四川草坡自然保护区). [5] Other tourist attractions in the county include the AAAAA-rated Wenchuan Special Tourist Area (Chinese :汶川特别旅游区) and the AAAA-rated Yu the Great Cultural Tourist Area (Chinese :大禹文化旅游区). [5]

In 2019, the county received 6,277,800 visitors, bringing the county ¥2.87 billion in revenue. [5]

Transport

Road traffic in Wenchuan County is dominated by National Highway 213 and National Highway 317. In 2012, the 82 km long G4217 Duwen Expressway, which connects the city of Dujiangyan and leads to cities in the Sichuan basin, was fully opened to traffic, and the Wenchuan-Markang motorway, the Wenma Expressway, was fully opened to traffic on 31 December 2021. [18] Wenchuan County Bus Station is located in Weizhou Town, Wenchuan, with daily buses to Chengdu, Dujiangyan, Peng County, Li County, Markang, Jiuzhaigou and other places. All scenic spots can be reached by bus, except for Qipanggou Forest Park and Xiqiang Grand Canyon, which are not yet open to traffic. [19] In 2013, bus lines covering 11 towns and townships in the county, including Yingxiu, Xuankou, Shuimo and Sanjiang, were put into operation. [20] By the end of 2014, the total mileage of roads in Wenchuan County was 696 kilometers, 619 kilometers of high-grade highways and 51 kilometers of expressways.

Climate

Climate data for Wenchuan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)16.9
(62.4)		23.6
(74.5)		32.7
(90.9)		32.7
(90.9)		33.9
(93.0)		35.1
(95.2)		37.1
(98.8)		35.5
(95.9)		34.4
(93.9)		27.9
(82.2)		24.2
(75.6)		22.0
(71.6)		37.1
(98.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)8.9
(48.0)		11.8
(53.2)		16.4
(61.5)		21.7
(71.1)		24.6
(76.3)		26.8
(80.2)		29.2
(84.6)		29.1
(84.4)		24.6
(76.3)		19.7
(67.5)		15.5
(59.9)		10.4
(50.7)		19.9
(67.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)4.0
(39.2)		6.4
(43.5)		10.5
(50.9)		15.3
(59.5)		18.6
(65.5)		21.1
(70.0)		23.4
(74.1)		23.3
(73.9)		19.6
(67.3)		15.0
(59.0)		10.5
(50.9)		5.4
(41.7)		14.4
(58.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)0.6
(33.1)		2.9
(37.2)		6.7
(44.1)		11.1
(52.0)		14.4
(57.9)		17.1
(62.8)		19.3
(66.7)		19.3
(66.7)		16.4
(61.5)		12.0
(53.6)		7.1
(44.8)		2.0
(35.6)		10.7
(51.3)
Record low °C (°F)−7.0
(19.4)		−6.4
(20.5)		−4.4
(24.1)		2.5
(36.5)		6.6
(43.9)		10.5
(50.9)		13.4
(56.1)		12.6
(54.7)		9.3
(48.7)		3.2
(37.8)		−1.4
(29.5)		−7.4
(18.7)		−7.4
(18.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)2.6
(0.10)		6.1
(0.24)		20.9
(0.82)		52.5
(2.07)		70.5
(2.78)		83.1
(3.27)		72.6
(2.86)		78.9
(3.11)		60.4
(2.38)		43.1
(1.70)		10.0
(0.39)		1.6
(0.06)		502.3
(19.78)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)4.66.211.316.218.218.616.614.915.515.46.62.2146.3
Average snowy days7.64.20.70.10000000.22.215
Average relative humidity (%)62626263646869687172676366
Mean monthly sunshine hours 121.1112.3130.7148.8138.4109.8135.5140.498.493.5112.3118.71,459.9
Percent possible sunshine 38363538322632352727363833
Source: China Meteorological Administration [21] [22]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture</span> Autonomous prefecture in Sichuan, China

Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, also known as Aba, is an autonomous prefecture of northwestern Sichuan, bordering Gansu to the north and northeast and Qinghai to the northwest. Its seat is in Barkam, and it has an area of 83,201 km2 (32,124 sq mi). The population was 895,200 by 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pengzhou</span> County-level city in Sichuan, China

Pengzhou, formerly Peng County or Pengxian, is a county-level city of Sichuan Province, Southwest China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chengdu. There is an expressway that connects Pengzhou to Chengdu. It is bordered by the prefecture-level divisions of Deyang to the northeast and the Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture to the north.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gertse County</span> County in Tibet, China

Gertse County, Gêrzê County or Gaize County is a county located in Ngari Prefecture in the northwest of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, bordering Xinjiang to the north.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County</span> Autonomous County in Sichuan, China

Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County is a county under the jurisdiction of Mianyang City in northern Sichuan province, China. It is located in an ethnically diverse mountainous region of Sichuan. Its Chinese name literally means "North" (bei) "River" (chuan). Its new county seat is located at Yongchang after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yingxiu</span> Town in Sichuan, Peoples Republic of China

Yingxiu is a town of southern Wenchuan County, in central Sichuan Province. It is located at the southern end of the Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, and lies on the road to Jiuzhaigou Valley, Wolong and the Siguniang Mountains. It is located 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the county urban centre, and just 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) west of the city of Dujiangyan.

Xuankou is a town located in Wenchuan County, Ngawa, Sichuan, China. The population is approximately 12,000, and is distributed roughly half urban and half rural. As of 2018, it has one residential community and 16 villages under its administration. The total area of the jurisdiction is 39.64 km (24.63 mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Li County, Sichuan</span> County in Sichuan, China

Li County or Lixian, formerly known as Lifan (理番), is a county in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China. China National Highway G317 and the Zhaxiling River run through the whole territory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mao County</span> County in Ngawa Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China

Mao County or Maoxian is a county in Ngawa Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zoigê County</span> County in Sichuan, China

Zoigê County or Ruo'ergai County is a county of Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan, China, bordering Gansu to the north. It is the northernmost county of the province. It is part of the Tibetan traditional region of Amdo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2008 Sichuan earthquake</span> 8.0 Ms earthquake in China

An earthquake occurred in the province of Sichuan, China at 14:28:01 China Standard Time on May 12, 2008. Measuring at 8.0 Ms, the earthquake's epicenter was located 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake ruptured the fault for over 240 km (150 mi), with surface displacements of several meters. The earthquake was also felt as far away as both Beijing and Shanghai—1,500 and 1,700 km away, respectively—where office buildings swayed with the tremor, as well as Bangkok, Thailand and Hanoi, Vietnam. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding 6 Ms, continued to hit the area up to several months after the main shock, causing further casualties and damage. The earthquake also caused the largest number of geohazards ever recorded, including about 200,000 landslides and more than 800 quake lakes distributed over an area of 110,000 km2 (42,000 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sichuan schools corruption scandal</span> Political corruption scandal following the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan, China

After the May 12, 2008 earthquake in the Chinese province of Sichuan, there were a series of allegations of corruption against officials involved in the construction of schools in regions affected by the quake. It gained momentum in May and June 2008, and the allegations culminated in protests from grieving parents of children who died in the earthquake as a result of the collapse of various schools in the quake zone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2008 Panzhihua earthquake</span>

The 2008 Panzhihua earthquake struck southern Sichuan province, China on August 30 at 16:30:50.5 China Standard Time with a surface wave magnitude of 6.1, or 6.0 Mw. It is also cited as the Renhe-Huili earthquake, especially in SCEA reports and early CEA reports. It was not an aftershock of the Sichuan earthquake that occurred several months prior. With more than 400 aftershocks, it caused over 40 deaths, the collapse of 10,000 homes and damage to other infrastructure in the provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan. The maximum liedu was VIII.

The China seismic intensity scale (CSIS) is a national standard in the People's Republic of China used to measure seismic intensity. Similar to EMS-92 on which CSIS drew reference, seismic impacts are classified into 12 degrees of intensity, or liedu in Roman numerals from I for insensible to XII for landscape reshaping.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jinchuan County</span> County in Sichuan, China

Jinchuan County or Quqên is a county in the northwest of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture. The seat of county is Dowu Town (Lewu).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heishui County</span> County in Sichuan, China

Heishui County is a county in the north of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture. The county has an area of 1,682 square miles (4,356 km2) and its average elevation is 11,627 feet (3,544 m). As of 2016, the county has a population of 61,744.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Kangding earthquake</span> Earthquake in China

The 2014 Kangding earthquake struck Kangding County, Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China, with a moment magnitude of 5.9 on 22 November. The earthquake killed five and injured 54 people.

The 2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake occurred on 8 August 2017, in Zhangzha Town, Jiuzhaigou County, Ngawa Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. The earthquake was registered at Ms 7.0 and killed at least 25 people in the mountainous region of northern Sichuan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Ya'an earthquake</span> Earthquake in Sichuan Province, China

On June 1, 2022, a moment magnitude (Mw ) 5.8 or surface-wave magnitude (Ms ) 6.1 earthquake struck Lushan County in Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China. At least four people were killed and 42 were injured. The earthquake had a maximum intensity of VIII on the China seismic intensity scale, causing damage to many homes and triggering rockslides.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Luding earthquake</span> Earthquake in China

A Mw 6.7 earthquake struck Luding County in Sichuan province, China on 5 September 2022 at 12:52:19 local time. The epicenter was located 226 km (140 mi) from Chengdu, or 43 km (27 mi) southeast of Kangding. Ninety-three people died, 424 were injured and 24 remained missing. More than 13,000 homes and other infrastructure were damaged or destroyed. It was the largest earthquake to strike the province since 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2019 Zigong earthquake</span> The earthquake that occurred in Zigong City, China at 13:00 on February 25, 2019.

The 2019 Zigong earthquake occurred in Zigong, Sichuan Province, China, at about 13:00 on February 25, 2019. The epicentre was located in Rongxian County, with a magnitude of Ms 4.9, a focal depth of about 5 km and a maximum intensity of VI. The earthquake killed two people and injured 12 others.

References

  1. ↑ "阿坝州第七次全国人口普查公报第二号——县（市）人口情况" (in Chinese). Government of Ngawa Prefecture. 2021-06-11.
  2. ↑ 现代汉语词典(第七版).[ A Dictionary of Current Chinese (Seventh Edition).]. 北京. Beijing: 商务印书馆. The Commercial Press. 1 September 2016. p. 1376. ISBN   978-7-100-12450-8. 2 汶川（Wèn- chuān），地名，在四川。
  3. ↑ 现代汉语规范词典(第3版).[A Standard Dictionary of Current Chinese (Third Edition).]. 北京. Beijing: 外语教学与研究出版社. Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. May 2014. p. 1378. ISBN   978-7-513-54562-4. 汶 wèn{...}2 用于地名。如汶川，在四川。
  4. ↑ 夏征农; 陈至立, eds. (September 2009). 辞海：第六版彩图本[ Cihai (Sixth Edition in Color)] (in Chinese). 上海. Shanghai: 上海辞书出版社. Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House. p. 2389. ISBN   9787532628599.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 汶川简介 [Wenchuan Introduction] (in Chinese). Wenchuan County People's Government. 2021-05-06. Archived from the original on 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 汶川县历史沿革 [Wenchuan County Organizational History]. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2015-03-27. Archived from the original on 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  7. 1 2 Fan, Xuanmei; Juang, C. Hsein; Wasowski, Janusz; Huang, Runqiu; Xu, Qiang; Scaringi, Gianvito; van Westen, Cees J.; Havenith, Hans-Balder (2018-07-26). "What we have learned from the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and its aftermath: A decade of research and challenges". Engineering Geology. 241: 25–32. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2018.05.004. ISSN   0013-7952. S2CID   134786927.
  8. ↑ HAO, LI (2008). 城市规划 (in Chinese). pp. 32（11）.
  9. ↑ Jiaxiang, Huang (2005). 成都考古发现 (in Chinese). 科学出版社.
  10. ↑ Shizhong, Hong (2014). Some textual research and analysis on the death toll of Diexi Earthquake (in Chinese). pp. 7–8.
  11. ↑ "Casualties in Wenchuan Earthquake" (in Chinese). Sina.com. 2008-06-02. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
  12. ↑ "Death Toll in Ngawa Prefecture Rose to 20,258 as of June 6, 18:00 CST" (in Chinese). Official website of Ngawa Prefecture Government. 2008-06-07. Archived from the original on 2008-06-09. Retrieved 2008-06-07.
  13. ↑ "Seismic intensity map of the M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake (汶川8.0级地震烈度分布图)" (in Simplified Chinese). CEA. 2008-08-29. Retrieved 2008-09-10.
  14. ↑ XU, Zhengzhong; WANG, Yayong; et al. (徐正忠、王亚勇等) (2001). "Code for seismic design of buildings (GB 500011-2001) (partially revised in 2008), Appendix A ( 《建筑抗震设计规范》（GB 500011－2001） （2008 年局部修订） 附录 A 我国主要城镇抗震设防烈度、设计基本地震加速度和设计地震分组)" (in Simplified Chinese). Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC (MOHURD, 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部). Retrieved 2008-09-29.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ↑ Fan, Xuanmei; Scaringi, Gianvito; Yang, Fan; Domènech, Guillem; Guo, Xiaojun; Dai, Lanxin; He, Chaoyang; Xu, Qiang; Huang, Runqiu (2018-09-20). "Two multi-temporal datasets to track the enhanced landsliding after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake". Earth System Science Data. 11 (1): 35–55. doi: 10.5194/essd-2018-105 . ISSN   1866-3508.
  16. ↑ "District codes and urban/rural division codes for statistical purposes in 2022: Wenchuan County" [2022年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：汶川县]. 2022-10-31.
  17. ↑ 县情概况 [County Overview] (in Chinese). Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture People's Government. Archived from the original on 2008-05-16. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  18. ↑ The official account of CCTV News of China Central Radio and Television, CCTV (2020-12-31). "The Wenmakun Expressway from Chengdu to Markang has been opened to traffic in 3.5 hours" [汶马高速实现通车 成都到马尔康缩短至3.5小时] (in Chinese).
  19. ↑ "Transport in Wenchuan County" [汶川县交通] (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2008-05-17.
  20. ↑ Fuli, Shi (2014-02-15). "2013年汶川县着力完善基础设施，改善城乡面貌" [2013 Wenchuan County focuses on improving infrastructure and urban and rural landscape] (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2016-02-22.
  21. ↑ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration . Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  22. ↑ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration . Retrieved 13 April 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.