Maintained by | Local jurisdictions (The section between Interstate 605 and Harbor Boulevard is maintained by Caltrans) |
---|---|
West end | 6th Street at the Los Angeles River |
Major junctions | SR 60 in Los Angeles I-710 in East Los Angeles SR 19 in Pico Rivera I-605 in Whittier CR N8 in Whittier SR 39 in La Habra (The section between Beach and Harbor Boulevards carries SR 39) Harbor Boulevard in La Habra |
East end | Puente Street in Brea |
Whittier Boulevard is an arterial street that runs from the Los Angeles River (where it continues into Downtown Los Angeles as 6th Street) to Brea, California. The street is one of the main thoroughfares in both Whittier and East Los Angeles. At various times, portions of Whittier Boulevard carried the designation of U.S. Route 101. Whittier Boulevard also carries a portion of El Camino Real. Its west section leading from the Sixth Street Viaduct was demolished in 2016; the replacement was officially opened in 2022.. Currently, Whittier Boulevard carries two Caltrans controlled highways. The portion between Rosemead Boulevard (SR 19) and Beach Boulevard (SR 39) carries State Route 72 and the portion between Beach and Harbor Boulevards carries California State Route 39. The portion of State Route 72 up to State Route 19 was relinquished back to Pico Rivera in the early 2000s and the portion of State Route 72 between State Route 19 and Downey Road was deleted from SR 72 in 1992.
In Los Angeles, Whittier Boulevard was known as Stephenson Avenue before 1920. The portion in what is now Whittier was known as County Road in Whittier's early days.
Whittier Boulevard located in The East Los Angeles community consists mainly of Latino descent, but as well as other culture groups, which provides the diversity of East L.A. Whittier Boulevard is the heart of the community in East Los Angeles; it is filled with street vendors, selling hot dogs, fruits, garments, and Mexican food. In particular, taco trucks appear frequently on Whittier Boulevard. Other establishments include liquor stores, bread shops, clothing stores and furniture warehouses, 99 cent stores, as well as a supermarket, but with the change in times, places are being shut down and remodeled or new shops pop up frequently. The tacos are not the only thing popular along these strips, but the occasional, but a more growing popular snack rising is the Hot Dog created on the streets of Whittier. Hot dogs served along Whittier are wrapped in bacon and served with grilled onions and jalapeños. When prepared this way, it is known as an East L.A. Ditch Dog. [1] Both hot dogs and tacos can be served with nieves (Mexican slushy), and esquites (corn kernels smothered in mayo, Mexican cheese, and butter, with the option of chili or other condiments).
The Latino Walk of Fame, with a focus on Latino celebrities, was inaugurated on April 30, 1997, to honor outstanding leaders who have made historical and social contributions with a sun plaque on Whittier Boulevard the heart of unincorporated East L.A. spaces have been created for over 280 plaques. [2] Permanent granite plaques have been put in place for the first 20 honorees. The merchants’ association of East Los Angeles sponsors a comprehensive clean-up campaign that cleans the sidewalks and gutters daily and removes litter and trash. [3] [4]
One trend is the usage and showings of lowriders. [5] It has been said that East Los Angeles, specifically on Whittier Boulevard was one of the few first places that low riders began to appear around World War II. Drivers compete against each other and hope to win the other driver's car, known as "hopping for pink slips.” [6] The street became very popular as a place for low riders to come together. [7] Lowriders want to showcase them and come together at parks, parking lots, etc. anywhere they find place and come in groups. In 1965, on weekend nights in East Los Angeles, Mexican-American teenagers would hop in their cars to cruise up and down Whittier Boulevard. [8]
The 1984, Frank Romero's oil on canvas entitled The Closing Of Whittier Boulevard, 96” x 144” painting documents the real event that happened in the 1970s when the police closed off Whittier Boulevard to all the low riders who regularly cruised it. [9]
During World War II, Whittier Boulevard and neighboring East LA streets went through the neighborhoods of many Pachucos. A few Zoot Suits fights happened in East Los Angeles' streets like Whittier Boulevard. When the Zoot Suit Riots occurred in Los Angeles it was difficult to be a Latino in that area (especially around Whittier Boulevard), especially for those who wore a Zoot Suit.
Along the Whittier Boulevard strip is Salazar Park, named after Ruben Salazar. [10] Salazar died as a result of injuries sustained after he was struck by a tear-gas projectile during the National Chicano Moratorium March against the Vietnam War on August 29, 1970, in East Los Angeles, California. The park hosts baseball games, senior activities in a gym, offers a public swimming pool in the summer and classes for non-swimmers, allowing community members to have recreational activities. The Spanish Churrigueresque-style theatre was designed by William and Clifford Balch, who also participated in the design of the El Rey Theatre on Wilshire Boulevard and the Fox Theatre in Pomona. The Vega Building, a historic retail building that once surrounded the theatre, suffered severe damage from the 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake and was demolished in the early 1990s. The theatre sat vacant until it was adapted for use as a CVS retail pharmacy in 2012. [11]
Every year there is a Christmas parade, called the East Los Angeles Parade. [12] It takes place along Whittier Boulevard starting on Eastern Avenue and ending at Atlantic Boulevard. This parade usually consists of elementary school, middle school and high school cheer squads. They occasionally bring in elephants, television reporters, local broadcasters to cover the parades and sometimes some television celebrities. In 2008, they brought in Jose Jose, a famous Mexican singer. [13]
Thee Midniters were a Chicano rock band that became popular in the 1960s. Their song “Whittier Boulevard” [14] gained popularity just as they did. They named their song after the most popular street in East Los Angeles: Whittier Boulevard. [15]
Scenes of Whittier Boulevard appeared in the beginning of Chico and the Man TV show. [16] The show was based on East Los Angeles and showed much of the neighborhood and streets. The 1979 film Boulevard Nights, which concerned gangbanging and lowriding on the streets of East Los Angeles also included scenes of Whittier Boulevard. [17]
In 1993, the boulevard was featured in Visiting... with Huell Howser Episode 107. [18]
The play, Whittier Boulevard was written and performed by the Latino Theater Company in 2023. It jumps to the near future to look back at the Latino history of L.A. [19]
Bus service on Whittier Boulevard is provided by Metro Local line 18 and Montebello Transit Line 10. Metro Line 18 runs on Whittier Boulevard between Downtown and East Los Angeles, and Montebello Line 10 runs east of East Los Angeles.
Chicano or Chicana is an ethnic identity for Mexican Americans who have a non-Anglo self-image, embracing their Mexican Native ancestry. Chicano was originally a classist and racist slur used toward low-income Mexicans that was reclaimed in the 1940s among youth who belonged to the Pachuco and Pachuca subculture. In the 1960s, Chicano was widely reclaimed in the building of a movement toward political empowerment, ethnic solidarity, and pride in being of indigenous descent. Chicano developed its own meaning separate from Mexican American identity. Youth in barrios rejected cultural assimilation into the mainstream American culture and embraced their own identity and worldview as a form of empowerment and resistance. The community forged an independent political and cultural movement, sometimes working alongside the Black power movement.
East Los Angeles, or East L.A., is an unincorporated area situated within Los Angeles County, California, United States. According to the United States Census Bureau, East Los Angeles is designated as a census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes. The most recent data from the 2020 census reports a population of 118,786, reflecting a 6.1% decrease compared to the 2010 population of 126,496.
A lowrider or low rider is a customized car with a lowered body that emerged among Mexican American youth in the 1940s. Lowrider also refers to the driver of the car and their participation in lowrider car clubs, which remain a part of Chicano culture and have since expanded internationally. These customized vehicles are also artworks, generally being painted with intricate, colorful designs, unique aesthetic features, and rolling on wire-spoke wheels with whitewall tires.
A zoot suit is a men's suit with high-waisted, wide-legged, tight-cuffed, pegged trousers, and a long coat with wide lapels and wide padded shoulders. It is most notable for its use as a cultural symbol among the Hepcat and Pachuco subcultures. Originating among African Americans it would later become popular with Mexican, Filipino, Italian, and Japanese Americans in the 1940s.
Thee Midniters were an American rock group, among the first Chicano rock bands to have a major hit in the United States. They were one of the best known acts to come out of East Los Angeles in the 1960s, with a cover of "Land of a Thousand Dances" that charted in Canada in 1965, and an instrumental track "Whittier Boulevard" in 1965. Thee Midniters were among the first rock acts to openly sing about Chicano themes in songs such as "Chicano Power" and "The Ballad of César Chávez" in the late 1960s.
Koreatown is a neighborhood in central Los Angeles, California, centered near Eighth Street and Irolo Street.
Hollywood Boulevard is a major east–west street in Los Angeles, California. It runs through the Hollywood, East Hollywood, Little Armenia, Thai Town, and Los Feliz districts. Its western terminus is at Sunset Plaza Drive in the Hollywood Hills and its eastern terminus is at Sunset Boulevard in Los Feliz. Hollywood Boulevard is famous for running through the tourist areas in central Hollywood, including attractions such as the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Ovation Hollywood shopping and entertainment complex.
The King & Story, also known as Story & King, neighborhood of San Jose, California is located in the Alum Rock district of East San Jose, centered on the intersection of King and Story roads. King & Story is one of San Jose's most notable and historic Chicano/Mexican-American neighborhoods.
State Route 39 is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that travels through Orange and Los Angeles counties. Its southern terminus is at Pacific Coast Highway, in Huntington Beach. SR 39's northern terminus is at Islip Saddle on Angeles Crest Highway in the Angeles National Forest, but its northernmost 4.5-mile (7.2 km) segment has been closed to public highway traffic since 1978 due to a massive mud and rockslide.
Homies are a series of two-inch plastic collectible figurines representing various Chicano Mexican American characters. The line of toys was created by David Gonzales and based on a comic strip that Gonzales created featuring a cast of characters from his youth. Introduced in the year 1998, Homies were initially sold in grocery store vending machines and have become a highly collectible item, and have spawned many imitation toys.
The Chicano Moratorium, formally known as the National Chicano Moratorium Committee Against The Vietnam War, was a movement of Chicano anti-war activists that built a broad-based coalition of Mexican-American groups to organize opposition to the Vietnam War. Led by activists from local colleges and members of the Brown Berets, a group with roots in the high school student movement that staged walkouts in 1968, the coalition peaked with a August 29, 1970 march in East Los Angeles that drew 30,000 demonstrators. The march was described by scholar Lorena Oropeza as "one of the largest assemblages of Mexican Americans ever." It was the largest anti-war action taken by any single ethnic group in the USA. It was second in size only to the massive U.S. immigration reform protests of 2006.
Ruben Salazar was a civil rights activist and a reporter for the Los Angeles Times, the first Mexican journalist from mainstream media to cover the Chicano community, in the US.
Cruising is a social activity that primarily consists of driving a car. Cruising is distinguished from regular driving by the social and recreational nature of the activity, which is characterized by an impulsively random, often aimless course. A popular route is often the focus of cruising. Cruising can be an expression of the freedom of possessing a driver's license. "Cruise nights" are evenings during which cars drive slowly.
A lowrider bicycle is a highly customized bicycle with styling inspired by lowrider cars. These bikes often feature a long, curved banana seat with a sissy bar and very tall upward-swept ape hanger handlebars. A lot of chrome, velvet, and overspoked wheels are common accessories to these custom bicycles.
Figueroa Street is a major north-south street in Los Angeles County, California, spanning from the Los Angeles neighborhood of Wilmington north to Eagle Rock. A short, unconnected continuation of Figueroa Street runs just south of Marengo Drive in Glendale to Chevy Chase Drive in La Cañada Flintridge.
Washington Boulevard is an east-west arterial road in Los Angeles County, California spanning a total of 27.4 miles (44 km).
A Cal-Style VW is a lowrider influenced vintage Volkswagen, that for style and cruising was lowered to the extreme in the manner called "dumped" "slammed" or "laid out". The Cal-Style VW originated in the streets of Los Angeles in the late 1970s, when the first generation of teens from Latino neighborhoods veered away from the Low Riders that at the time were associated with gangs and criminal activity, and instead customized their economical VWs into lowriders for the cruising and teen subculture.
Mexican Americans have lived in Los Angeles since the original Pobladores, the 44 original settlers and 4 soldiers who founded the city in 1781. People of Mexican descent make up 31.9% of Los Angeles residents, and 32% of Los Angeles County residents.
Daniel Valdez is an American actor, musician, composer, and activist. He is best known for his work as musical director of the films Zoot Suit (1981) and La Bamba (1987).
A cholo or chola is a member of a Chicano and Latino subculture or lifestyle associated with a particular set of dress, behavior, and worldview which originated in Los Angeles. A veterano or veterana is an older member of the same subculture. Other terms referring to male members of the subculture may include vato and vato loco. Cholo was first reclaimed by Chicano youth in the 1960s and emerged as a popular identification in the late 1970s. The subculture has historical roots in the Pachuco subculture, but today is largely equated with anti-social behavior, criminal behavior and gang activity.