Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus

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Various Y-DNA haplogroups have differing frequencies within each ethnolinguistic group in the Caucasus region.

Contents

Table

The table below lists the frequencies – identified by major studies – of various haplogroups amongst selected ethnic groups from the Caucasus. The first two columns list the ethnic and linguistic affiliations of the individuals studied, the third column gives the sample size studied, and the other columns give the percentage of the particular haplogroup.

Language family abbreviations:
IE Indo-European
NEC Northeast Caucasian
NWC Northwest Caucasian
Kartvelian South Caucasian

PopulationLanguagen E1b1b G I J1 J2 L R1a R1b R2a T OthersReference
Abaza (Abazins/Abazinians)NWC (Abkhaz-Ubykh)14029071400K[xP]=14 (possible
L or T) [1]
C*=7 (1/14)
F[xI,G,J2,K]=29 (possible J1)		Nasidze 2004a [2]
Abaza (Abazins/Abazinians)NWC (Abkhaz-Ubykh)884.540.92.3=L223.93.41.10.03.4=QYunusbayev 2012 [3]
Abkhaz NWC (Abkhaz-Ubykh)120033025033.0800Nasidze 2004a [2]
Abkhaz NWC (Abkhaz-Abaza)581.756.9 [4] 003.4=L210.312.11.7Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Abkhaz NWC (Abkhaz-Abaza)1620.647.53.1 (P37.2=0.6, M223=1.9)3.1 (P58=1.2)26.5 (M67=11.1)2.513.07.400N=0.6Yunusbaev2012 [6]
Adygei (Kabardin)NWC (Adigei)59028.810.211.91.71.70F[xG,I,J2,K]=23.7 (possible J1)
K[xP]=15.3 (possible L)
P[xR1,R2]=6.8		Nasidze 2004a [2]
Adygei (Kabardin)NWC (Adygei)1402.143.60.7=L315.03.60.00.7C=2.1, H=0.7
N1c=1.4, Q=0.7		Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Adygei/
"Circassians" [lower-alpha 1] 		NWC (Adygei)0.0 [7] 31.3 [8] various
Adygei/
("Adygea")		NWC (Adygei)1540.647.414.37.10.00.0Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Adygei (Shapsugs)NWC (Adygei)10681.1Dibirova 2009 [8]
Adygei (Shapsugs)NWC (Adygei)1001.087.0 [10] 006.02.0=L*4.000Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Adygei
("Cherkess") [lower-alpha 2] 		NWC (Adygei)1421.439.8 [11] 0.7=I*0.7=L119.74.90.7N1*=1.4
N1c1=2.1
Q=0.7		Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Adygei
("Cherkess")		NWC (Adygei)1260.845.20.015.11.60.80.0C=0.8, K*=1.6
N1c1=2.4, Q=0.8		Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Andis NEC (Avar-Andic, Andic)492.06.10.02.06.10.02.0Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Armenians IE (Armenian)893.429.25.624.73.4Rosser 2000 [12]
Armenians IE (Armenian)474.34.321.34.38.536.206.4F[xI,J2,K]=12.8
N=2		Wells 2001 [13]
Armenians IE (Armenian)1006.011.05.024.06.019.02.04.0 [1] F[xI,G,J2,K]=18.0 (possible J1)
K[xT,P]=3.0 (possible L) [1]
P[xR1a,R1b,R2]=2.0		Nasidze 2004a [2]
Armenians IE (Armenian)7345.45.332.41.6Weale 2001 [14]
Armenians
(TOTAL)		IE (Armenian)4135.11.91.729.14.68.5N=0.2
Q=0.2		Herrara2012
Armenians
(Ararat Valley)		IE (Armenian)1105.50.90.937.30.03.60.0Herrara2012
Armenians (Sason)IE (Armenian)1042.90.03.81.015.417.320.2Herrara2012
Avars NEC (Avar-Andic, Avar)427.10.00.066.74.89.52.42.42.44.8Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Avars NEC (Avar-Andic, Avar)1150.01.714.80.90.0Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Avars
(West) [lower-alpha 3] 		NEC (Avar-Andic)200010005Caciagli 2009 [15]
Azeris
(Azerbaijan)		Turkic725.618.12.830.66.9 [1] 6.911.12.84.2 [1] F[xG,I,J2,K]=11Nasidze 2004a [2]
Azerbaijanis Turkicv4.1 [7] 15.2 [16] 23.9 [16] various
Bagvalins NEC (Avar-Andic, Andic)280.00.021.40.00.03.667.90.00.0Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Balkars Turkic382.628.9013.213.27.90.0Battaglia 2009 [17]
Balkars Turkic135032.63.0 (all P37.2)3.7 (P58=0.0)15.6 (M67=9.6)028.113.300Q=3.7%, no others.Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
ChamalinsNEC (Avar-Andic, Andic)270.018.50.066.73.73.77.40.00.00.0Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Chechens
(East Chechnya)		NEC (Nakh)1905026550165 [1] F[xG,I,J2,K]=32Nasidze 2004a [2]
Chechens (Total) [lower-alpha 4] NEC (Nakh)3300.03.91.83.30.0Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Chechens (Achkhoy-Martan, Chechnya)NEC (Nakh)11800.8 (P303)2.53.43.40Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Chechens
(Malgobek, Ingushetia)		NEC (Nakh)11209.0 [19] 021.48.00.96.30Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Chechens
(mainly Akkis, in Dagestan)		NEC (Nakh)10007.0 [20] 016.01.01.000Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Chechens NEC (Nakh)1651.21.80.024.2
P58=0.0		48.5
M67=46.7		17.60.60.60.00.0N=0.6
Q=4.8		Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
Dargins NEC (Dargin)6802.9091.22.90.00.02.90.00.0Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Dargins NEC (Dargin)264458400400F[xG,I,J2,K]=27Nasidze 2004a [2]
Dargins (Dargwa)NEC (Dargin)10100021.82.000O3=3Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Dargins (Kaitaks)NEC (Dargin)330003.303.36.73.30Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Dargins (Kubachis)NEC (Dargin)6500000000Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Georgians Kartvelian (Karto-Zan)632.030.10.01.67.914.36.31.6Semino 2000 [21]
Georgians Kartvelian (Karto-Zan)663.031.84.510.69.14.51.6Battaglia 2009 [17]
Georgians Kartvelian (Karto-Zan)772.631.23.920.82.6 [1] 10.410.41.32.6 [1] K[xP]=2.6
P[xR1,R2]=2.6
F[xG,I,J2,K]=14.3		Nasidze 2004a [2]
Svans Kartvelian (Svan)2500008000F[xG,I,J2,K]= 92%Wells 2001 [13]
Georgians (Kazbegis)Kartvelian (Karto-Zan) [lower-alpha 5] 25047204800F[xG,I,J2,K]=12Wells 2001 [13]
Ingush NEC (Nakh)14300.72.83.500Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Ingush NEC (Nakh)2205.0503250000F[xG,I,J2,K]=27
P[xR1,R2]=4.5(1/22)		Nasidze 2004a [2]
Ingush NEC (Nakh)1050.04.80.01.981.9 (all M67)8.62.9000Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
Juhurim AA (Semitic)1000030 (all P58)50 (M67=10%)200000Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
Karachays Turkic69031.98.7 (P37.2=7.2,
M223=1.5)		7.2
(P58=2.9)		11.6
(M67=5.8)		027.510.102.90.0Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
Kumyks Turkic762.611.80.021.125.00.013.219.73.91.3J*=1.3
O=1.3		Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
Laks NEC (Lak)219.54.814.342.914.30.09.54.80.00.0Caciagli 2009 [15]
Lezgins (Azerbaijan)NEC (Lezgic)1217008170F[xI,J2,K]=58Wells 2001 [13]
Lezgins (Dagestan)NEC (Lezgic)2503600040F[xI,G,J2,K]=32 (possible J1)
K[xR]=28		Nasidze 2003 [1]
Lezgins NEC (Lezgic)316.59.79.758.10.00.00.016.10.00.0Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
Lezgins (Akhtynskiy District)NEC (Lezgic)811.213.5
(P18=1.2%)		044.4 J1*2.51.2 L23.729.602.51.2 N1c1Balanovsky 2011 [5]
Kara Nogai Turkic7601.313.2 I-P37.22.6 J*10.5
(M67 = 1.3%)		017.118.400C=10.5
D=5.3
N=14.5
O=5.3
Q=1.3		Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Kuban Nogai Turkic87}013.8021.816.1
M67=3.4%		012.617.201.1C=8.0%
D=1.1%
N=4.6%
O=3.4%
Q=0.0%		Yunusbayev 2012 [3]
Ossetes IE (Iranian, NE)476.42.142.6Rosser 2000 [12]
North Ossetians IE (Iranian, NE)129057.410.114.00.80.81.6F[xI,G,J2,K]=3.9 (possible J1)
K[xP]=9.3 (possible L)
P[xR1,R2]=2.3		Nasidze 2004b [22]
North Ossetians (Iron)IE (Iranian, NE)2300.474.3 [23] 01.30.43.00N=0.4
Q=0.9		Balanovsky 2011 [5]
North Ossetians (Digor)IE (Iranian, NE)1270.860.6 [24] 03.90.816.50.8Balanovsky 2011 [5]
North Ossetians IE (Iranian, NE)1321.569.70.03.818.2 (M67=9.8)0.80.84.500Q = 0.8Yunusbaev 2012 [6]
Russians (Adygea)IE (Slavic, East)7824.4Rootsi 2004 [9]
Rutuls NEC (Lezgic)240.037.50.04.20.00.00.00.00.0F[xG,I,J2,K]=58Nasidze 2004a [2]
Tabassarans NEC (Lezgic)430.00.00.048.82.30.02.339.50.00.0Yunusbaev 2012 [6]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ despite the fact that Shapsugs were also technically "Circassian", Dibirova labels this population "Circassians". In Rootsi, they are called "Adygei", or some variation of the word.
  2. ↑ These are labeled "Circassians" (at least in the English version), but the sample was taken from the Karacheyo-Cherkess Republic, so they are labeled "Cherkess" here.
  3. ↑ This is significant, as in Western Avaria, where the population was sampled, there are large number of non-Avars- Andic and Dido peoples- who are in fact ethnically misclassified as Avars by the Dagestani census.
  4. ↑ Made by combining the Malgobek, Achkhoy-Martan and Khasavyurt Chechen populations
  5. ↑ Although the Kazbegi Georgians speak Georgian, and have most likely done so for centuries, it is theorized by some that their (possible) ancestors, the Tzanars, who inhabited the region in Medieval and Ancient times, were a Nakh-speaking people, like Chechens and Ingush, possibly accounting for their large frequencies of J2

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nasidze 2003
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Nasidze 2004a
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Yunusbayev 2012
  4. ↑ P18=12.1
    P303=20.7
    other=24.1
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Balanovsky 2011
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 CITEREFYunusbayev2012
  7. 1 2 Cruciani 2004
  8. 1 2 Dibirova 2009
  9. 1 2 Rootsi 2004
  10. ↑ P303=86.0; other G =1.0
  11. ↑ P16=9.2
    P303=29.6; other=1.4.
  12. 1 2 Rosser 2000
  13. 1 2 3 4 Wells 2001
  14. ↑ Weale 2001
  15. 1 2 Caciagli 2009
  16. 1 2 Di Giacomo 2004
  17. 1 2 Battaglia 2009
  18. ↑ P18=3.0
    P303=2.4
  19. ↑ P18=3.6
    P303=5.4
  20. ↑ P18=6.0
    P303=1.0
  21. ↑ Semino 2000
  22. ↑ Nasidze 2004b
  23. ↑ P16=73.0
    P303=1.3
  24. ↑ P16=55.9
    P303=4.7

Sources

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