The tables below provide statistics on the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups most commonly found among ethnolinguistic groups and populations from East and South-East Asia.
ST means Sino-Tibetan languages.
| Population | Language | n | C | D | F | K [nb 1] | N | O1a | O1b | O2 | P | Q | Others | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achang (Lianghe, Yunnan) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 40 | 5.0 | 0 | 2.5 | ≥10.0 | 82.5 | 0 | Shi 2005 Yang 2005 | |||||
| Aeta (Philippines) | Austronesian | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 | NO=12, S=60 | Karafet 2015 [1] |
| Aini (Xishuangbanna) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 52 | 11.5 | 0 | 3.8 | O2a= 7.7 | 40.4 | 0 | K(xO1a,O2a,O3,P) =34.6, F(xK)=1.9 | Wen 2004 [2] | ||||
| Ainu | Ainu | 16 | 12.5 | 87.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Tajima 2004 [3] | |||
| Andamanese | Andamanese | 37 | 0 | 73.0 | 5.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.7 | 5.4 | 10.8 | 0 | Thangaraj 2002 [4] | ||
| Balinese (Indonesia) | Austronesian | 551 | 1.8 | 0 | 1.1 | 0 | 18.1 | 58.8 | 6.9 | 0.4 | H=3.4 | Karafet 2005 [5] | ||
| Borneo (Indonesia) | Austronesian | 86 | 22.1 | 0 | 2.3 | 0 | 0 | 9.3 | 20.9 | 36.0 | 0 | 0 | H=1.2, R=2.3, S=5.8 | Karafet 2010 [6] |
| Chin (Chin State) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 19 | 42.1 | 52.6 | Peng 2014 [7] | |||||||||
| South China | ST, HM | 384 | 9.6 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 4.4 | 6.8 | 17.4 | 57.8 | 0.3 | Karafet 2005 [5] | |||
| Daur | Altaic (Mongolic) | 39 | 30.8 | 0 | 0 | ≥7.7 | ≥5.1 | 20.5 | 25.6 | 0 | K2a(xN1,O)=2.6 O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=2.6 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Deng (Zayü County) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 109 | 1.1 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 94.4 | Kang 2012 [9] | |||||||
| East Asia | East Asian languages | 988 | 19.9 | 4.8 | 1.9 | 6.4 | 5.4 | 16.3 | 33.7 | R1a=2.8 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Filipino | Austronesian | 50 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 46 | 38 | Tajima 2004 [3] | |||||
| Filipino | Austronesian | 115 | 5 | 20 | 28 | 3 | 39 | S=2 | Scheinfeldt 2006 [10] | |||||
| Garo | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 71 | 8.5 | 0 | ≥11.3 | 59.2 | 7.0 | H1a=1.4, F(xH,J2,K)=4.2 O(xO2a,O3)=4.2 K(xL,O,P)=4.2 | Reddy 2007 [11] | |||||
| Han (China) | ST (Sinitic) | 166 | 6.0 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 16.3 | 55.4 | 0.6 | Karafet 2005 [5] | |||
| Han (Chengdu, Sichuan) | ST (Sinitic) | 34 | 11.8 | 0 | 0 | 2.9 | 14.7 | 17.6 | 52.9 | 0 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Han (Meixian, Guangdong) | ST (Sinitic) | 35 | 8.6 | 0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 20.0 | 14.3 | 51.4 | 0 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Han (Harbin, Heilongjiang) | ST (Sinitic) | 35 | 14.3 | 0 | 0 | 5.7 | 2.9 | 8.6 | 65.7 | 0 | J=2.9 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Han (Lanzhou, Gansu) | ST (Sinitic) | 30 | 20.0 | 6.7 | 0 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 3.3 | 36.7 | 0 | J=10.0 R1a1=6.7 O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=3.3 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Han (Xi'an) | ST (Sinitic) | 34 | 23.53 | 8.82 | 5.88 | 8.82 | 8.82 | 38.24 | 2.94 | R=2.94 | Kim 2011 [12] | |||
| Han (Yili, Xinjiang) | ST (Sinitic) | 32 | 6.3 | 3.1 | 9.4 | 0 | 9.4 | 12.5 | 46.9 | R1a1=6.3 P(xR1a1)=3.1 Unknown(xA,C,DE,J,K)=2.9 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Han (Taiwan) | ST (Sinitic) | 183 | 6.3 | 0.3 | 22.4 | 8.5 | 58.2 | 1.1 | Tsai 2001 [13] | |||||
| Hani (China) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 34 | 17.6 | 0 | 0 | 11.8 | 0 | 50.0 | 17.6 | 0 | Unknown(xA,C,DE,J,K)=2.9 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Hezhe (China) | Altaic (Tungusic) | 45 | 28.9 | 0 | 0 | 17.8 | 0 | 6.7 | 44.4 | 0 | K2a(xN1,O)=2.2 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Hmong–Mien (China) | Hmong–Mien | 169 | 8.9 | 3.6 | 0 | 1.2 | 3.6 | 22.5 | 61.5 | 0 | Karafet 2005 [5] | |||
| Hui (Ningxia, China) | Sino-Tibetan | 54 | 1.9 | R1b = 3.7; R1a = 11.1; J = 9.3; L = 1.9 | Karafet 2001 [14] | |||||||||
| Northeast India | Tibeto-Burman | 173 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 0 | 86.7 | 0 | H=2.9 | Cordaux 2004 [15] | ||||
| East Indonesia | Austronesian, Papuan | 344 | 61.9 | 0 | 10.5 | 2.6 | 7.3 | S=11,M=4 | Mona 2009 [16] | |||||
| Japan | Japanese | 259 | 8.5 | 34.8 | 0 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 31.6 | 20.1 | 0 | 0.4 | NO=2.3, I=0.4, R=0.4 | Hammer 2005 [17] |
| Japan | Japanese | 263 | 5.3 | 39.2 | 0 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 34.2 | 16.7 | 0.4 | 0 | Nonaka 2007 [18] | ||
| Japan | Japanese | 2390 | C1=4.7 C2=6.1 | 32.2 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 33.1 | 19.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Sato 2014 [19] |
| Japan (Kyushu) | Japanese | 53 | 7.5 | 25.7 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 0 | 35.8 | 26.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Hammer 2005 [17] |
| Japan (Tokushima) | Japanese | 70 | 12.8 | 25.7 | 0 | 0 | 7.1 | 0 | 32.9 | 21.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Hammer 2005 [17] |
| Japan (Tokyo) | Japanese | 56 | 36.0 | 3.2 | 18.0 | Poznik et al. (2016) [20] | ||||||||
| Japan (Kantō) | Japanese | 137 | 3.6 | 48.2 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 | 3.07 | 14.5 | 0.7 | Nonaka 2007 [18] | |||
| Western Japan | Japanese | 97 | 7.2 | 26.8 | 4.1 | 37.1 | 23.9 | 0 | Nonaka 2007 [18] | |||||
| Java | Austronesian | 53 | 1.9 | 0 | 1.9 | 0 | 22.6 | 41.5 | 22.6 | R1=3.8 | Kayser 2002 [21] | |||
| Khalkh | Altaic (Mongolic) | 85 | 56.5 | 3.5 | 2.4 [22] | 0 | 0 | 18.8 | J=2.4, N1c=4.7 P(xR1a1)=4.7 R1a1=3.5 K(xN1c,O,P)=3.5 | Katoh 2004 [23] | ||||
| Korea | Korean | 317 | 9.1 | 0 | 4.1 | 30.3 | 44.5 | 0.6 | Shin 2001 [24] | |||||
| Korea | Korean | 110 | 15.5 | 0 | 5.5 | 2.7 | 28.2 | 45.5 | K(xNO)=1.8 | Kim 2007 [25] | ||||
| Koreans (China) | Korean | 25 | 12.0 | 0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 0 | 32.0 | 40.0 | 0 | BT(xC,DE,J,K)=8.0 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Koreans (Korea) | Korean | 43 | 16.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0 | 30.2 | 39.5 | P(xR1a1)=2.3 J=2.3 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||||
| Koreans (Seoul-Gyeonggi) | Korean | 110 | 13.6 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 28.2 | 50.9 | 2.7 | L=0.9 | Kim 2011 [12] | |||
| Koreans (Gangwon) | Korean | 63 | 12.7 | 6.4 | 1.6 | 39.7 | 38.1 | 1.6 | Kim 2011 [12] | |||||
| Koreans (Chungcheong) | Korean | 72 | 11.1 | 1.4 | 4.2 | 1.4 | 30.6 | 50 | 1.4 | Kim 2011 [12] | ||||
| Koreans (Jeolla) | Korean | 90 | 13.3 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 1.1 | 33.3 | 43.3 | L=1.1 | Kim 2011 [12] | ||||
| Koreans (Gyeongsang) | Korean | 84 | 16.7 | 2.4 | 4.8 | 2.4 | 33.3 | 36.9 | 1.2 | L=1.2 R=1.2 | Kim 2011 [12] | |||
| Koreans (Jeju) | Korean | 87 | 8.1 | 1.2 | 6.9 | 5.8 | 32.2 | 43.7 | 1.2 | R=1.2 | Kim 2011 [12] | |||
| South Korea | Korean | 506 | 12.6 | 1.6 | 0 | 4.5 | 1.8 | 32.4 | 44.3 | 1.4 | L=0.6, R=0.4 | Kim 2011 [12] | ||
| South Korea | Korean | 706 | 12.9 | 2.5 | 0 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 33.4 | 42.1 | 1.8 | R=0.1, J1=0.1 | Park 2012 [26] | ||
| Lhoba (Mainling County) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 61 | 0 | 20.8 | 0 | 34.6 | 33.8 | 0.8 | J=0.8, R=7.7 O(xO3)=1.5 | Kang 2012 [9] | ||||
| Island South East Asia | Austronesian | 312 | 15.7 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 14.1 | 18.6 | M1=5.4 | Capelli 2001 [27] | |||||
| Island South East Asia | Austronesian, Papuan | 272 | 9.9 | 8.8 | 20.2 | 18.7 | 22.1 | S=4, M=3 | Kayser 2006 [28] | |||||
| Austronesian | 50 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 32 | 30 | M=2 | Scheinfeldt 2006 [10] | ||||
| Manchu | Sinitic, Tungusic | 101 | 16.8 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 33.7 | 42.6 | O*(xO1,O2b,O3) =1.0, P*(xR1a)=1.0 | Katoh 2004 [23] | |||||
| Manchu | Sinitic, Tungusic | 35 | 25.7 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 14.3 | 2.9 | 14.3 | 37.1 | 0 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Mongolia | Mongolic | 149 | 8.1 | G=0.7; J=2.7 | Hammer 2005 [17] | |||||||||
| Mongolia | Mongolic | 65 | 53.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 10.6 | 0 | 1.5 | 10.6 | 4.5 | R1=9.1 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Inner Mongolia | Mongolic, Sinitic | 45 | 46.7 | 0 | 4.4 | 13.3 | 0 | 2.2 | 28.9 | 0 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Naga (Myanmar) | Tibeto-Burman | 15 | 100 | Peng 2014 [7] | ||||||||||
| Negritos (Philippines) | Austronesian | 64 | 10.8 | 50.8 | 13.8 | 4.6 | O(xM122)=18.5, others=1.5 | Heyer 2013 [29] | ||||||
| Oroqen | Tungusic | 31 | 61.3 | 0 | 3.2 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 19.4 | 0 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=3.2 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Qiang | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 33 | 0 | 18.2 | 0 | 0 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 36.4 | BT(xC,DE,J,K)=9.1 P(xR1a1)=6.1 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Sibe | Tungusic | 41 | 26.8 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 17.1 | 7.3 | 2.4 | 26.8 | J=7.3 P(xR1a1)=2.4 BT(xC,DE,J,K)=2.4 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Sulawesi | Austronesian | 54 | 22.2 | 0 | 5.6 | 7.4 | 0 | 21.4 | 13.0 | 16.7 | 0 | 0 | R=3.7, M=3.7, S=5.6 | Karafet 2010 [6] |
| Sumatra | Austronesian | 57 | 5.3 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 3.5 | 0 | 17.5 | 14 | 29.8 | S=3 | Kayser 2006 [28] | ||
| Taiwanese aborigines | Austronesian | 246 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66.3 | 10.6 | 11.0 | Capelli 2001 [27] | ||||
| Thai | Tai–Kadai | 34 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 0 | 0 | 8.8 | 35.3 | O(xO1,O3)=44.1 | Tajima 2004 [3] | ||||
| Tibet | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 156 | 2.6 | 51.6 | 0 | 4.5 | 0 | 0 | 33.9 | 3.2 | H=1.9, R1a=1.9 | Gayden 2007 [30] | ||
| Tibetans (Lhasa, Tibet) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 46 | 8.7 | 41.3 | 4.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 | 39.1 | 4.3 | Wen 2004 [2] | ||
| Tibetans (Zhongdian, Yunnan) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 50 | 4.0 | 36.0 | 12.0 | 0 | 4.0 | 44.0 | 0 | Wen 2004 [31] | ||||
| Tibetans (Yushu, Qinghai) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 92 | 14.1 | 22.8 | 14.1 | 21.7 | 1.1 | 19.6 | 6.5 | Wen 2004 [2] | ||||
| Tibetans (Guide, Qinghai) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 39 | 2.6 | 48.7 | 5.1 [32] | 7.7 | 0 | 10.3 | J=5.1, R1a1=2.6 P(xR1a1)=2.6 | Zhou 2008 [33] | ||||
| Tibetans | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 35 | 0 | 42.9 | 0 | 8.6 | 0 | 0 | 40.0 | 0 | R1a1=8.6 | Xue 2006 [8] | ||
| Tibeto-Burman | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 964 | 8.4 | 18.5 | 5.4 | 17.7 | 3.1 | 6.3 | 38.7 | Wen 2004 [2] | ||||
| Tujia (Hunan) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 155 | 15.5 | 1.3 | 12.9 | 9.7 | 3.9 | 53.5 | 1.9 | Wen 2004 [2] | ||||
| Uyghur | Altaic (Turkic) | 70 | 7.1 | 1.4 | 7.1 | 8.6 | 1.4 | 0 | 11.4 | others=63 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Vietnamese | Austroasiatic | 70 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 0 | 2.9 | 5.7 | 32.9 | 40.0 | 7.1 | J=2.9 | Karafet 2005 [5] | ||
| Yao (Bama, Guangxi) | Hmong–Mien | 35 | 17.1 | 2.9 | 0 | 2.9 | 40.0 | 34.3 | 0 | K2a(xN1,O)=2.9 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Yao (Liannan, Guangdong) | Hmong–Mien | 35 | 2.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.7 | 8.6 | 82.9 | 0 | Xue 2006 [8] | |||
| Yi (Sichuan, Yunnan) | ST (Tibeto-Burman) | 125 | 5.6 | 0.8 | 18 | 28.0 | 0.8 | 7.2 | 28.8 | Wen 2004 [2] | ||||
| Zakhchin | Altaic (Mongolic) | 60 | 46.7 | 3.3 | 1.7 [34] | N1c= 3.3 | 0 | O2b= 3.3 | 8.3 | R1a1=13.3 O(xO1a,O2b,O3) =8.3, J=1.7 P(xR1a1)=5.0 K(xN1c,O,P)=5.0 | Katoh 2004 [23] | |||
| Zhuang (Yongbei) | Tai–Kadai | 23 | 8.7 | 4.35 | 4.35 | 17.39 | 30.44 | 17.4 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=21.704 | Chen 2006 [35] | ||||
| Zhuang (Youjiang) | Tai–Kadai | 5 | 40 | 20 | 20 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=20 | Chen 2006 [35] | |||||||
| Zhuang (Tianlin) | Tai–Kadai | 22 | 4.55 | 72.73 | 9.1 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=13.64 | Chen 2006 [35] | |||||||
| Bouyei (Guibian) | Tai–Kadai | 4 | 25 | 25 | 25 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=25 | Chen 2006 [35] | |||||||
| Zhuang (Hongshuihe) | Tai–Kadai | 39 | 2.56 | 5.13 | 5.13 | 10.26 | 12.82 | 41.02 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=23.08 | Chen 2006 [35] | ||||
| Zhuang (Guibei) | Tai–Kadai | 21 | 4.76 | 4.76 | 4.76 | 4.76 | 9.52 | 28.58 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=38.1 | Chen 2006 [35] | ||||
| Zhuang (Yongnan) | Tai–Kadai | 19 | 5.26 | 10.53 | 21.06 | 42.1 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=15.79 | Chen 2006 [35] | ||||||
| Tay (Zuojiang) | Tai–Kadai | 15 | 6.67 | 40 | 20 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=33.33 | Chen 2006 [35] | |||||||
| Zhuang (Shangsi) | Tai–Kadai | 15 | 20 | 66.67 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=13.33 | Chen 2006 [35] | ||||||||
| Nung (Dejing) | Tai–Kadai | 3 | O*(xO1a,O2,O3)=100 | Chen 2006 [35] |
The following is a table of Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup frequencies of Austro-Tai peoples (i.e., Tai-Kadai peoples and Austronesian peoples). [36]
| Ethnolinguistic group | Language branch | n | C | D (xD1) | D1 | F(xK) | M | K [nb 2] | O (xO1a, O1b1a1a,O2) | O1a(xO1a2) | O1a2 (M110/M50) | O1b1a1a (xO1b1a1a1a1a) | O1b1a1a1a1a (M111/M88) | O2 (xO2a1a1a1a1, O2a2a1a2, O2a2b1a1) | O2a1a1a1a1 (M121) | O2a2a1a2 [ broken anchor ] (M7) | O2a2b1 (xO2a2b1a1) | O2a2b1a1 (M117) | P (inc. Q & R) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bolyu | Austroasiatic (Pakanic) | 30 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 3.3 | 23.3 | 30.0 | 6.7 | 10.0 | ||||||||
| Buyang (Yerong) | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 16 | 62.5 | 6.3 | 18.8 | 12.5 | |||||||||||||
| Qau (Bijie) | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 13 | 15.4 | 7.7 | 23.1 | 15.4 | 30.8 | 7.7 | |||||||||||
| Blue Gelao (Longlin) | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 30 | 3.3 | 13.3 | 60.0 | 16.7 | 3.3 | 3.3 | |||||||||||
| Lachi | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 30 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 16.7 | 6.7 | 10.0 | 3.3 | 6.7 | 23.3 | |||||||
| Mulao (Majiang) | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 30 | 10.0 | 3.3 | 13.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 63.3 | 3.3 | ||||||||||
| Red Gelao (Dafang) | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 31 | 3.2 | 6.5 | 22.6 | 22.6 | 16.1 | 12.9 | 16.1 | ||||||||||
| White Gelao (Malipo) | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 14 | 35.7 | 14.3 | 42.9 | 7.1 | |||||||||||||
| Hlai (Qi, Tongza) | Tai-Kadai (Hlai) | 34 | 35.3 | 32.4 | 29.4 | 2.9 | |||||||||||||
| Jiamao | Tai-Kadai (Hlai) | 27 | 25.9 | 51.9 | 22.2 | ||||||||||||||
| Paha | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 32 | 3.1 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 9.4 | 3.1 | 71.9 | |||||||||||
| Cun | Tai-Kadai (Hlai) | 31 | 3.2 | 6.5 | 9.7 | 38.7 | 38.7 | 3.2 | |||||||||||
| Qabiao | Tai-Kadai (Kra) | 25 | 32.0 | 4.0 | 60.0 | 4.0 | |||||||||||||
| Caolan | Tai-Kadai (Central Tai) | 30 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 53.3 | 3.3 | 20.0 | 3.3 | |||||||||||
| Zhuang, Northern (Wuming) | Tai-Kadai (Northern Tai) | 22 | 13.6 | 4.6 | 72.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||
| Zhuang, Southern (Chongzuo) | Tai-Kadai (Central Tai) | 15 | 13.3 | 20.0 | 60.0 | 6.7 | |||||||||||||
| Lingao | Tai-Kadai (Be) | 30 | 3.3 | 16.7 | 26.7 | 13.3 | 3.3 | 10.0 | 26.7 | ||||||||||
| E | Tai-Kadai (Northern Tai) | 31 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 9.7 | 16.1 | 6.5 | 54.8 | 3.2 | 3.2 | |||||||||
| Lakkia | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 23 | 4.4 | 52.2 | 4.4 | 8.7 | 26.1 | 4.4 | |||||||||||
| Kam (Sanjiang) | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 38 | 21.1 | 5.3 | 10.5 | 39.5 | 10.5 | 2.6 | 10.5 | ||||||||||
| Sui (Rongshui) | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 50 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 18.0 | 44.0 | 20.0 | ||||||||||||
| Mak & Ai-Cham | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 40 | 2.5 | 87.5 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||
| Mulam | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 40 | 2.5 | 12.5 | 7.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 25.0 | 30.0 | 7.5 | 5.0 | ||||||||
| Maonan | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 32 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 15.6 | 56.3 | 9.4 | ||||||||||||
| Biao | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 34 | 2.9 | 5.9 | 14.7 | 17.7 | 52.9 | 5.9 | |||||||||||
| Then | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 30 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 33.3 | 50.0 | 6.7 | 3.3 | |||||||||||
| Tanka (Lingshui) | Sinitic | 40 | 20.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 17.5 | 7.5 | 5.0 | 17.5 | 2.5 | 15.0 | |||||||
| Cao Miao | Tai-Kadai (Kam–Sui) | 33 | 8.2 | 10.0 | 3.0 | 66.7 | 12.1 | ||||||||||||
| Amis | Austronesian (Formosan) | 28 | 7.1 | 42.8 | 17.8 | 7.1 | 21.4 | 3.6 | |||||||||||
| Pazeh | Austronesian (Formosan) | 21 | 14.3 | 38.1 | 19.1 | 14.3 | 14.3 | ||||||||||||
| Siraya (Makatao) | Austronesian (Formosan) | 37 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 5.4 | 70.3 | 5.4 | 13.5 | |||||||||||
| Thao | Austronesian (Formosan) | 22 | 4.6 | 81.8 | 4.6 | 9.1 | |||||||||||||
| Paiwan | Austronesian (Formosan) | 22 | 63.6 | 27.3 | 9.1 | ||||||||||||||
| Atayal | Austronesian (Formosan) | 22 | 95.5 | 4.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Rukai | Austronesian (Formosan) | 11 | 81.8 | 18.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Puyuma | Austronesian (Formosan) | 11 | 72.7 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | |||||||||||||
| Tsou | Austronesian (Formosan) | 18 | 88.9 | 5.6 | 5.6 | ||||||||||||||
| Bunun | Austronesian (Formosan) | 17 | 5.9 | 17.6 | 58.8 | 17.6 | |||||||||||||
| Saisiyat | Austronesian (Formosan) | 11 | 45.5 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 27.3 | ||||||||||||
| Batak | Austronesian (Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands) | 13 | 11.6 | 19.3 | 23.1 | 15.4 | 23.1 | 7.7 | |||||||||||
| Bangka | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 13 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 30.8 | 23.1 | 23.1 | 7.7 | |||||||||||
| Malay (Riau) | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 13 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 38.5 | 7.7 | 23.1 | 7.7 | ||||||||||
| Minangkabau | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 15 | 6.7 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 13.3 | 20.0 | 20.0 | |||||||||||
| Palembang | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 11 | 9.1 | 63.6 | 18.2 | 9.1 | |||||||||||||
| Nias | Austronesian (Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands) | 12 | 8.3 | 91.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Dayak (Kalimantan Tengah) | Austronesian (Bornean) | 15 | 6.7 | 26.7 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 13.3 | ||||||||||
| Banjar | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 15 | 13.3 | 6.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | ||||||||||||
| Javanese | Austronesian (Javanese) | 15 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 20.0 | 13.3 | 13.3 | ||||||||||||
| Tengger | Austronesian (Javanese) | 12 | 16.7 | 8.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 8.3 | ||||||||||||
| Balinese | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 14 | 28.6 | 14.3 | 7.1 | 28.6 | 14.3 | 7.1 | |||||||||||
| Bugis | Austronesian (South Sulawesi) | 15 | 13.3 | 20.0 | 33.3 | 26.7 | 6.7 | ||||||||||||
| Torajan | Austronesian (South Sulawesi) | 15 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 6.7 | 33.3 | 6.7 | ||||||||||
| Minahasa | Austronesian (Philippine) | 14 | 7.1 | 50.0 | 21.4 | 7.1 | 14.3 | ||||||||||||
| Makassar | Austronesian (South Sulawesi) | 13 | 23.1 | 30.8 | 15.4 | 7.7 | 23.1 | ||||||||||||
| Kaili | Austronesian (Celebic) | 15 | 6.7 | 33.3 | 20.0 | 6.7 | 26.7 | 6.7 | |||||||||||
| Sasak | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 15 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 26.7 | 6.7 | 20.0 | 20.0 | |||||||||||
| Sumbawa | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 18 | 16.7 | 83.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Sumba | Austronesian (CEMP) | 14 | 14.3 | 78.6 | 7.1 | ||||||||||||||
| Alor | Trans–New Guinea | 13 | 38.5 | 30.7 | 23.1 | 7.7 | |||||||||||||
| Cenderawasih (Geelvink Bay) | Austronesian (CEMP) | 11 | 45.5 | 36.4 | 18.2 | ||||||||||||||
| Cham (Binh Dinh) | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 11 | 9.1 | 90.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Utsuls | Austronesian (Malayo-Sumbawan) | 31 | 12.9 | 16.1 | 58.1 | 3.2 | 6.5 | 3.2 |
The following table of Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup frequencies of Tibeto-Burman-speaking peoples of western and southwestern China is from Wen, et al. (2004). [2]
| Population | n | C-M130 | D* | D1-M15 | F(xK) | K(xO,P1) | O2 (M122) | O2a2b1 (M134) | O1a (M119) | O1b1a1a (M95) | P1 (M45) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tibetan (Qinghai) | 92 | 14.13 | 20.65 | 2.17 | 14.13 | 21.74 | 5.43 | 14.13 | 1.09 | 6.52 | |
| Tibetan (Tibet 1) | 75 | 2.67 | 33.33 | 16 | 2.67 | 5.33 | 1.33 | 32 | 6.67 | ||
| Tibetan (Tibet 2) | 46 | 8.7 | 23.91 | 17.39 | 4.35 | 4.35 | 34.78 | 2.17 | 4.35 | ||
| Tibetan (Diqing) | 27 | 44.44 | 3.7 | 14.81 | 7.41 | 29.63 | |||||
| Tibetan (Zhongdian) | 49 | 2.04 | 28.57 | 8.16 | 2.04 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 34.69 | 4.08 | ||
| Bai (Dali) | 61 | 8.2 | 1.64 | 4.92 | 18.03 | 16.39 | 34.43 | 4.92 | 11.48 | ||
| Lisu (Fugong) | 49 | 2.04 | 22.45 | 4.08 | 61.22 | 8.16 | 2.04 | ||||
| Nakhi | 40 | 2.5 | 37.5 | 7.5 | 2.5 | 5 | |||||
| Nu | 28 | 3.57 | 3.57 | 14.29 | 71.43 | 7.14 | |||||
| Pumi | 47 | 6.38 | 70.21 | 2.13 | 6.38 | 2.13 | 6.38 | 4.26 | 2.13 | ||
| Yi (Liangshan) | 14 | 14.29 | 42.86 | 21.43 | 7.14 | 14.29 | |||||
| Yi (Shuangbai) | 50 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 38 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
| Yi (Butuo) | 43 | 2.33 | 16.28 | 4.65 | 34.88 | 4.65 | 27.91 | 9.3 | |||
| Aini (Xishuangbanna) | 52 | 11.54 | 1.92 | 34.62 | 26.92 | 13.46 | 3.85 | 7.69 | |||
| Bai (Xishuangbanna) | 20 | 2 | 3 | 25 | 15 | 1 | |||||
| Hani (Xishuangbanna) | 34 | 11.76 | 35.29 | 32.35 | 14.71 | 2.94 | 2.94 | ||||
| Jino | 36 | 13.89 | 5.56 | 36.11 | 19.44 | 19.44 | 5.56 | ||||
| Lahu (Simao) | 13 | 15.38 | 30.77 | 15.38 | 15.38 | 15.38 | 7.69 | ||||
| Lahu (Xishuangbanna) | 15 | 6.67 | 2 | 33.33 | 6.67 | 2 | 13.33 | ||||
| Yi (Xishuangbanna) | 18 | 11.11 | 5.56 | 33.33 | 27.78 | 16.67 | 5.56 | ||||
| Tujia (western Hunan) | 68 | 14.71 | 2.94 | 10.29 | 29.41 | 26.47 | 7.35 | 8.82 | |||
| Tujia (Yongshun) | 38 | 5.26 | 2.63 | 23.68 | 39.47 | 10.53 | 15.79 | 2.63 | |||
| Tujia (Jishou) | 49 | 24.49 | 2.04 | 8.16 | 30.61 | 22.45 | 8.16 | 4.08 |
Haplogroup C is a major Y-chromosome haplogroup, defined by UEPs M130/RPS4Y711, P184, P255, and P260, which are all SNP mutations. It is one of two primary branches of Haplogroup CF alongside Haplogroup F. Haplogroup C is found in ancient populations on every continent except Africa and is the predominant Y-DNA haplogroup among males belonging to many peoples indigenous to East Asia, Central Asia, Siberia, North America and Australia as well as a some populations in Europe, the Levant, and later Japan.
Haplogroup D1 or D-M174 is a subclade of haplogroup D-CTS3946. This male haplogroup is found primarily in East Asia, Magar-ethnic Nepal and the Andaman Islands. It is also found regularly with lower frequency in Central Asia, Siberia and Mainland Southeast Asia, and, more rarely, in Europe and the Middle East.
Haplogroup F, also known as F-M89 and previously as Haplogroup FT, is a very common Y-chromosome haplogroup. The clade and its subclades constitute over 90% of paternal lineages outside of Africa.
Haplogroup K or K-M9 is a genetic lineage within human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. A sublineage of haplogroup IJK, K-M9, and its descendant clades represent a geographically widespread and diverse haplogroup. The lineages have long been found among males on every continent except Antarctica.
Haplogroup M, AKA M-P256 and Haplogroup K2b1b is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. M-P256 is a descendant haplogroup of Haplogroup K2b1, and is believed to have first appeared between 32,000 to 47,000 years ago.
Haplogroup O-M122 is an Eastern Eurasian Y-chromosome haplogroup. The lineage ranges across Southeast Asia and East Asia, where it dominates the paternal lineages with extremely high frequencies. It is also significantly present in Central Asia, especially among the Naiman tribe of Kazakhs.
In human genetics, a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by specific mutations in the non-recombining portions of DNA on the male-specific Y chromosome (Y-DNA). Individuals within a haplogroup share similar numbers of short tandem repeats (STRs) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The Y-chromosome accumulates approximately two mutations per generation, and Y-DNA haplogroups represent significant branches of the Y-chromosome phylogenetic tree, each characterized by hundreds or even thousands of unique mutations.
In human genetics, Haplogroup O-M268, also known as O1b, is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup O-M268 is a primary subclade of haplogroup O-F265, itself a primary descendant branch of Haplogroup O-M175.
In human genetics, Haplogroup O-M119 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup O-M119 is a descendant branch of haplogroup O-F265 also known as O1a, one of two extant primary subclades of Haplogroup O-M175. The same clade previously has been labeled as O-MSY2.2.
Haplogroup NO1, also known as NO-M214, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. NO1 is the sole confirmed subclade of Haplogroup K- M2313, which is the sole subclade of Haplogroup K2a (K-M2308). NO is the dominant Y-DNA haplogroup in most parts of eastern and northern Eurasia, including East Asia, Siberia and northern Fennoscandia.
Its phylogenetically closest relatives are found among the peoples of Japan, Central Asia, and the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. It is more distantly related to the Haplogroup D*, whose sub-clades are common throughout Asia.
Haplogroup K2, also known as K-M526 and formerly known as K(xLT) and MNOPS, is a human Y-DNA haplogroup.
Haplogroup S-M230, also known as S1a1b, is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is by far the most numerically significant subclade of Haplogroup S1a.
Haplogroup E-P147 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup E-P147, along with the less common haplogroup E-M75, is one of the two main branches of the older haplogroup E-M96. The E-P147 clade is commonly observed throughout Africa and is divided into two subclades: the less common, haplogroup E-M132, and the more common, haplogroup E-P177.
Haplogroup E-P177 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. E-P177 has two known subclades, which are haplogroup E-P2 and haplogroup E-P75.
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia are haplogroups of the male Y-chromosome found in South Asian populations.
Listed here are notable ethnic groups and native populations from the Oceania and East Indonesia by human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies.
Research into the predominant human Y-DNA haplogroups of Central Asia and North Asia, broken down according to both individual publications and ethnolinguistic groups, are summarized in the table below.
Haplogroup K2a is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. K2a is a primary subclade of haplogroup K2 (M526), which in turn is a primary descendant of haplogroup K (M9). Its sole primary descendant is haplogroup K-M2313.
Haplogroup E-M329, also known as E1b1a2, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. E-M329 is mostly found in East Africa.