14 Andromedae

Last updated • 2 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
14 Andromedae / Veritate
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0       Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Andromeda
Right ascension 23h 31m 17.41325s [1]
Declination +39° 14 10.3147 [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)5.22 [2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Horizontal branch [3]
Spectral type K0 III [4]
B−V color index 1.029±0.003 [2]
Variable type None [5]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−59.99±0.20 [2]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: +286.898  mas/yr [1]
Dec.: −84.043  mas/yr [1]
Parallax (π)13.1681 ± 0.0727  mas [1]
Distance 248 ± 1  ly
(75.9 ± 0.4  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)0.73 [2]
Details
Mass 0.898±0.069, [6] 1.4±0.2 [7]   M
Radius 12.67±0.39 [6]   R
Luminosity 58.18±2.55 [6]   L
Surface gravity (log g)2.60±0.01 [8]   cgs
Temperature 4,483±50 [6]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.30±0.04 [8]   dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)1.63±0.47 [8]  km/s
Age 3.2±2.1, [7] 13.19±2.04 [6]   Gyr
Other designations
Veritate, 14 And, NSV  14599, BD+38° 5023, GC  32703, HD  221345, HIP  116076, HR  8930, SAO  73311, PPM  88889, 2MASS J23311742+3914102 [9]
Database references
SIMBAD data
Exoplanet Archive data

14 Andromedae, abbreviated 14 And, also named Veritate /ˌvɛrɪˈtt/ , [10] is a single, [11] orange-hued giant star situated 248 light-years away [1] in the northern constellation of Andromeda. It is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.22. [2] The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −60 km/s. [2] In 2008 an extrasolar planet (designated 14 Andromedae b, later named Spe) was discovered to be orbiting the star. [4]

Contents

This is a red clump [3] giant with a stellar classification of K0 III, [4] a star that has past the first-giant branch and is now on the horizontal branch, generating energy through helium fusion at its core. The star has expanded to 12.7 times the Sun's radius and is radiating 58 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,483 K. [6] Its exact mass and age are still uncertain. [6]

Nomenclature

14 Andromedae is the star's Flamsteed designation. Following its discovery the planet was designated 14 Andromedae b.

In July 2014 the International Astronomical Union launched NameExoWorlds, a process for giving proper names to certain exoplanets and their host stars. [12] The process involved public nomination and voting for the new names. [13] In December 2015, the IAU announced the winning names were Veritate for this star and Spe for its planet. [14]

The winning names were based on those submitted by the Thunder Bay Centre of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada [15] ); namely 'Veritas' and 'Spes', Latin for 'truth' and 'hope', respectively. (Veritas was also the Roman goddess of truth and Spes was the Roman goddess of hope.) The IAU substituted the ablative forms 'Veritate' and 'Spe', which mean 'where there is truth' and 'where there is hope', respectively. This was because 'Veritas' is the name of an asteroid important for the study of the solar system. [16]

In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) [17] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. In its first bulletin of July 2016, [18] the WGSN explicitly recognized the names of exoplanets and their host stars approved by the Executive Committee Working Group Public Naming of Planets and Planetary Satellites, including the names of stars adopted during the 2015 NameExoWorlds campaign. This star is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names. [10]

Planetary system

In 2008, a planet was announced to be orbiting the star. The planet was found to have a minimum mass of 4.8 Jupiter masses and to be orbiting in a circular orbit that takes 186 days to complete. The planet is one of the few known planets to be orbiting an evolved intermediate-mass star and one of the innermost (such planets have only been discovered around clump giants). [4]

The 14 Andromedae planetary system [19]
Companion
(in order from star)
Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)
Orbital period
(days)
Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b (Spe) >5.33 ± 0.57  MJ 0.83 [4] 185.84 ± 0.230

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Upsilon Andromedae</span> Star in the constellation Andromeda

Upsilon Andromedae is a binary star located 44 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Andromeda. The system consists of an F-type main-sequence star and a smaller red dwarf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gamma Cephei</span> Binary star in the constellation Cephei

Gamma Cephei is a binary star system approximately 45 light-years away in the northern constellation of Cepheus. The primary is a stellar class K1 orange giant or subgiant star; it has a red dwarf companion. An exoplanet has been confirmed to be orbiting the primary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pollux (star)</span> Star in the constellation Gemini

Pollux is the brightest star in the constellation of Gemini. It has the Bayer designation β Geminorum, which is Latinised to Beta Geminorum and abbreviated Beta Gem or β Gem. This is an orange-hued, evolved red giant located at a distance of 34 light-years, making it the closest red giant to the Sun. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified. In 2006 an exoplanet was announced to be orbiting it.

51 Pegasi, formally named Helvetios, is a Sun-like star located 50.6 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus. It was the first main-sequence star found to have an exoplanet orbiting it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tau Boötis</span> Star in the constellation of Boötes

Tau Boötis, Latinised from τ Boötis, is an F-type main-sequence star approximately 51 light-years away in the constellation of Boötes. It is a binary star system, with the secondary star being a red dwarf. In 1999, an extrasolar planet was detected orbiting the primary star.

Mu Arae, often designated HD 160691, officially named Cervantessur-VAN-teez, is a main sequence G-type star approximately 50 light-years away from the Sun in the constellation of Ara. The star has a planetary system with four known extrasolar planets, three of them with masses comparable with that of Jupiter. Mu Arae c, the innermost, was the first hot Neptune or super-Earth discovered.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">55 Cancri</span> Binary star with at least five exoplanets 41 light-years away

55 Cancri is a binary star system located 41 light-years away from the Sun in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. It has the Bayer designation Rho1 Cancri1 Cancri); 55 Cancri is the Flamsteed designation. The system consists of a K-type star and a smaller red dwarf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">47 Ursae Majoris</span> Star in the constellation Ursa Major

47 Ursae Majoris, formally named Chalawan, is a yellow dwarf star approximately 45.3 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Ursa Major. As of 2011, three extrasolar planets are believed to orbit the star.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epsilon Tauri</span> Star in the constellation Taurus

Epsilon Tauri or ε Tauri, formally named Ain, is an orange giant star located approximately 146 light-years from the Sun in the constellation of Taurus. An exoplanet is believed to be orbiting the star.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xi Andromedae</span> K-type giant star in the constellation Andromeda

Xi Andromedae, officially named Adhil, is a solitary star in the northern constellation of Andromeda. It has an apparent magnitude of +4.9. Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Gaia mission, it lies at a distance of roughly 223 light-years from the Sun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xi Aquilae</span> Red-clump giant star in the constellation Aquila

Xi Aquilae, officially named Libertas, is a red-clump giant star located at a distance of 186 light-years from the Sun in the equatorial constellation of Aquila. As of 2008, an extrasolar planet has been confirmed in orbit around the star.

Pi1 Cygni (π1 Cygni, abbreviated Pi1 Cyg, π1 Cyg) is a binary star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is visible to the naked eye, having a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.66. The distance to this system can be roughly gauged by its annual parallax shift of 1.89 mas, which yields a separation of around 1,700 light years from the Sun, give or take a hundred light years.

Upsilon Andromedae d, formally named Majriti, is a super-Jupiter exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the Sun-like star Upsilon Andromedae A, approximately 44 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Andromeda. Its discovery made it the first multiplanetary system to be discovered around a main-sequence star, and the first such system known in a multiple star system. The exoplanet was found by using the radial velocity method, where periodic Doppler shifts of spectral lines of the host star suggest an orbiting object.

HD 104985, formally named Tonatiuh, is a solitary star with a exoplanetary companion in the northern constellation of Camelopardalis. The companion is designated HD 104985 b and named Meztli. This star has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.78 and thus is dimly visible to the naked eye under favorable seeing conditions. It is located at a distance of approximately 329 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −20 km/s.

41 Lyncis, also designated HD 81688 and named Intercrus, is a fifth-magnitude star located in the northern constellation of Ursa Major. An extrasolar planet is thought to be orbiting the star.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">14 Andromedae b</span> Extrasolar planet in Andromeda constellation

14 Andromedae b, formally named Spe, is an exoplanet approximately 249 light years away in the constellation of Andromeda.

81 Ceti is a star located approximately 331 light years away from the Sun in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. 81 Ceti is the Flamsteed designation for this object. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.65. The star is drifting further away from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +9 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">42 Draconis</span> Star in the constellation Draco

42 Draconis, formally named Fafnir, is a 5th magnitude K-type giant star located approximately 295 light years away in the constellation of Draco. As of 2009, an extrasolar planet is thought to be orbiting the star.

HD 32518 is a star with an orbiting exoplanet in the northern circumpolar constellation Camelopardalis. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.42, placing it near the limit of naked eye visibility. Located 397 light years away based on parallax measurements, it is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of −7.02 km/s.

HD 146389, is a star with a yellow-white hue in the northern constellation of Hercules. The star was given the formal name Irena by the International Astronomical Union in January 2020. It is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 9.4 The star is located at a distance of approximately 446 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −9 km/s. The star is known to host one exoplanet, designated WASP-38b or formally named 'Iztok'.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters, 38 (5): 331, arXiv: 1108.4971 , Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, S2CID   119257644.
  3. 1 2 Alves, David R. (August 2000), "K-Band Calibration of the Red Clump Luminosity", The Astrophysical Journal, 539 (2): 732–741, arXiv: astro-ph/0003329 , Bibcode:2000ApJ...539..732A, doi:10.1086/309278, S2CID   16673121.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Sato, Bun'ei; et al. (2008). "Planetary Companions to Evolved Intermediate-Mass Stars: 14 Andromedae, 81 Ceti, 6 Lyncis, and HD167042". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 60 (6): 1317–1326. arXiv: 0807.0268 . Bibcode:2008PASJ...60.1317S. doi:10.1093/pasj/60.6.1317. S2CID   67841762.
  5. Samus', N. N; Kazarovets, E. V; Durlevich, O. V; Kireeva, N. N; Pastukhova, E. N (2017), "General catalogue of variable stars: Version GCVS 5.1", Astronomy Reports, 61 (1): 80, Bibcode:2017ARep...61...80S, doi:10.1134/S1063772917010085, S2CID   125853869.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ligi, R.; Creevey, O.; Mourard, D.; Crida, A.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Nardetto, N.; Perraut, K.; Schultheis, M.; Tallon-Bosc, I.; Brummelaar, T. ten (2016-02-01), "Radii, masses, and ages of 18 bright stars using interferometry and new estimations of exoplanetary parameters", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 586: A94, arXiv: 1511.03197 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527054, ISSN   0004-6361.
  7. 1 2 Bonfanti, A.; et al. (2015), "Revising the ages of planet-hosting stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 575, A18, arXiv: 1411.4302 , Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..18B, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424951, S2CID   54555839.
  8. 1 2 3 Jofré, E.; Petrucci, R.; Saffe, C.; Saker, L.; de la Villarmois, E. Artur; Chavero, C.; Gómez, M.; Mauas, P. J. D. (2015). "Stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 223 evolved stars with and without planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 574: A50. arXiv: 1410.6422 . Bibcode:2015A&A...574A..50J. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424474. S2CID   53666931.
  9. "14 And". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved September 19, 2018.
  10. 1 2 "IAU Catalog of Star Names" . Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  11. Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv: 0806.2878 , Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x , S2CID   14878976.
  12. NameExoWorlds: An IAU Worldwide Contest to Name Exoplanets and their Host Stars. IAU.org. 9 July 2014
  13. "NameExoWorlds The Process". Archived from the original on 2015-08-15. Retrieved 2015-09-05.
  14. Final Results of NameExoWorlds Public Vote Released, International Astronomical Union, 15 December 2015.
  15. Thunder Bay Amateur Astronomers Name a Planet
  16. "NameExoWorlds The Approved Names". Archived from the original on 2018-02-01. Retrieved 2015-12-16.
  17. "IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)" . Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  18. "Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1" (PDF). Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  19. Ligi, R.; et al. (2012). "A new interferometric study of four exoplanet host stars : θ Cygni, 14 Andromedae, υ Andromedae and 42 Draconis". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 545. A5. arXiv: 1208.3895 . Bibcode:2012A&A...545A...5L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219467. S2CID   10934982.