The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC),officially the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,is a committee consisting of the top leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Historically it has been composed of five to eleven members,and currently has seven members. Its officially mandated purpose is to conduct policy discussions and make decisions on major issues when the Politburo,a larger decision-making body,is not in session. According to the party's constitution,the General Secretary of the Central Committee must also be a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
Hu Jintao is a Chinese retired politician who served as the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 2002 to 2012,the president of China from 2003 to 2013,and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) from 2004 to 2012. He was a member of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee,China's de facto top decision-making body,from 1992 to 2012. Hu was the fifth paramount leader of China from 2002 to 2012.
The Princelings,also translated as the Party's Crown Princes,are the descendants of prominent and influential senior communist officials in the People's Republic of China. It is an informal,and often derogatory,categorization to signify those believed to be benefiting from nepotism and cronyism,by analogy with crown princes in hereditary monarchies. Many of its members hold high-level political and business positions in the upper echelons of power.
The orders of precedence in China is the ranking of political leaders in China for the purposes of event protocol and to arrange the ordering of names in official news bulletins,both written and televised. It is also sometimes used to assess perceived level of political power. Although there is no formally published ranking,there is usually an established convention and protocol,and the relative positions of Chinese political figures can usually be deduced from the order in meetings and especially by the time and order in which figures are covered by the official media. Since 1982,the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party has been the highest-ranking official in the People's Republic of China (PRC).
Zeng Qinghong is a retired Chinese politician. He was a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party,China's highest leadership council,and First Secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee between 2002 and 2007. He also served as the Vice President of China from 2003 to 2008. During the 1990s,Zeng was a close ally of then-Party general secretary Jiang Zemin,and was instrumental in consolidating Jiang's power. For years,Zeng was the primary force behind the party's organization and personnel.
Huang Ju was a Chinese politician and a high-ranking leader in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). He was one of the nine members of the Politburo Standing Committee of the CCP,China's top decision making body,between 2002 until his death in 2007,and also served as the first-ranked vice premier of China beginning in 2003. He died in office before he could complete his terms on the Standing Committee and as vice premier.
The Shanghai clique,also referred to as the Shanghai gang,Jiang clique,or Jiang faction,refers to an informal group of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials who rose to prominence under former CCP General Secretary Jiang Zemin while he served as the party chief and mayor of Shanghai.
Generations of Chinese leadership is a term historians use to characterize distinct periods of the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and,by extension,successive changes in the ideology of the CCP. Historians have studied various periods in the development of the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) by reference to these "generations".
The 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Beijing between November 8 and 14,2002. It was preceded by the 15th National Congress and was succeeded by the 17th National Congress. 2,114 delegates and 40 specially invited delegates represented the party's estimated 66 million members.
Han Zheng is a Chinese politician who since 2023 has served as the vice president of China. He previously served as the first-ranking vice premier of China between 2018 and 2023,and as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) between 2017 and 2022.
Li Keqiang was a Chinese economist and politician who served as the premier of China from 2013 to 2023. He was also the second-ranked member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 2012 to 2022. Li was a major part of the "fifth generation of Chinese leadership" along with Xi Jinping,the CCP general secretary.
The Tuanpai,or Youth League Faction,is a term used by political observers and analysts to describe an informal political faction in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),which includes cadres and government officials who originated from the Communist Youth League. There have been two "Youth League factions" in recent memory,without direct political lineage between each other. The first,in the 1980s,comprised cadres of Youth League background who supported CCP general secretary Hu Yaobang:the term "Tuanpai" was originally used to criticise Hu Yaobang for over-reliance of cadres of Youth League background. The second,from the 2000s,comprised CCP general secretary Hu Jintao and his group of populist associates and other political allies. As of 2022,there is little evidence that the group still exists.
Li Yuanchao is a retired Chinese politician. He was the Vice President of China from 2013 to 2018 and the Honorary President of the Red Cross Society of China. He was a member of the Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party and head of its Organization Department between 2007 and 2012. From 2002 to 2007,Li served as the Chinese Communist Party Secretary of Jiangsu,the top leader of an area of significant economic development. Between 2007 and 2017,he held a seat for two terms on the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party.
The 17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),formally the Political Bureau of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,was elected at the 1st Plenary Session of the 17th Central Committee of the CCP on 22 October 2007 in the aftermath of the 17th National Congress. This electoral term was preceded by the 16th Politburo and succeeded by the 18th. Of the 25 members,nine served in the 17th Politburo Standing Committee.
The 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 2002 to 2007. It held seven plenary sessions. It was set in motion by the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. The 15th Central Committee preceded it. It was followed by the 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
The 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held November 8-15,2012 at the Great Hall of the People. It was preceded by the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. Due to term limits and age restrictions,seven of the nine members of the powerful Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) retired during the Congress,including Hu Jintao,who was replaced by Xi Jinping as General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party. The Congress elected the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party,and saw the number of Politburo Standing Committee seats reduced from nine to seven. It was succeeded by the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.
The Xi–Li Administration was the administration of China from 2013 to 2023. Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang succeeded Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao after the 12th National People's Congress.
The succession of power in China since 1949 takes place in the context of a one-party state under the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Despite the guarantee of universal franchise in the constitution,the appointment of the Paramount leader lies largely in the hands of his predecessor and the powerful factions that control the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
The Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission is a commission of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in charge of leading and supervising economic work of both the CCP Central Committee and the State Council. The Commission is generally headed by CCP General Secretary or Premier of the State Council.
The 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),commonly referred to as ÈrshíDà,was held in the Great Hall of the People,Beijing from 16 to 22 October 2022. The National Congress is the highest organ of the party,and is stipulated to be held every five years. The conference had 2,296 delegates and 83 specially invited delegates.
