2022 Nobel Prize in Literature

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Nobel prize medal.svg 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature
Annie Ernaux
Annie Ernaux al Salone del Libro (cropped).jpg
"for the courage and clinical acuity with which she uncovers the roots, estrangements and collective restraints of personal memory"
Date
  • 6 October 2022 (2022-10-06) (announcement)
  • 10 December 2022
    (ceremony)
Location Stockholm, Sweden
Presented by Swedish Academy
Website Official website
←  2021  · Nobel Prize in Literature ·  2023  →

The 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the French author Annie Ernaux "for the courage and clinical acuity with which she uncovers the roots, estrangements and collective restraints of personal memory". [1] [2] It was announced by the Swedish Academy on 6 October 2022. [3] [4] [5] Ernaux was the 16th French writer – the first Frenchwoman – and the 17th female author, to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. [6] [7]

Contents

Laureate

Ernaux started her literary career in 1974 with Les Armoires vides ("Cleaned Out"), an autobiographical novel. Very early in her career, she turned away from fiction to focus on autobiography, combining historic and individual experiences. In her different viewpoints, she consistently examines a life marked by strong disparities regarding gender, language and class. Her path to authorship was long and arduous, and all her oeuvres are written in plain language. Her books are followed by a wide readership, and are reviewed in most local and national newspapers in France, as well as being the subject of many radio and television interviews and programmes, and a large and growing international academic literature. Her famous works include La Place ("A Man's Place", 1983), L'événement ("Happening", 2000), Se perdre ("Getting Lost", 2001), L'Occupation ("The Possession", 2002), and Les Années ("The Years", 2008). [8]

Prize announcement

Committee chair Anders Olsson explaining Annie Ernaux's qualities of being the 2022 Nobel laureate with Committee member Ellen Mattson and Permanent Secretary Mats Malm. Mats Malm, Anders Olsson, Ellen Mattson on the Nobel Prize in Literature 2022 04.jpg
Committee chair Anders Olsson explaining Annie Ernaux's qualities of being the 2022 Nobel laureate with Committee member Ellen Mattson and Permanent Secretary Mats Malm.

Following the announcement, Carin Klaesson interviewed Nobel Committee chairman Anders Olsson. Asked why Ernaux was the 2022 laureate in Literature, he gave the following statement:

"She's a wonderful writer. She has really renewed literature in many ways. On one hand, I mean, she has her foot in the French tradition, the heritage of Marcel Proust, and these kinds of search for the roots of her experience in childhood and so forth that are very important for her. But also she guides these search in a quite new direction and in a more social context, and that is a wonderful inner portraits of appearance for instance. She gives also back these heritage, of these poor and ambitious people living in the countryside, and she does it with so clear, a certain look that is unwavering. It's a very strong prose, both brief and uncompromising at the same time." [9]

Reactions

Ernaux's memoir Les annees (2008). Les annees (Annie Ernaux).jpg
Ernaux's memoir Les années (2008).
Some of Annie Ernaux's novels translated into Basque language. Annie Ernaux idazlearen zenbait liburu euskaraz.jpg
Some of Annie Ernaux's novels translated into Basque language.

Personal reactions

Interviewed by Claire Paetku, correspondent of the Nobel Prize's Outreach, Annie Ernaux confessed she learned about her win at around one o'clock while she was in her kitchen listening to her radio. She turned on the radio wanting to know who won the 2022 Nobel prize, but to her surprise it was actually her who was being mentioned as the latest laureate. [10] She described her initial feeling "like... you are in the desert and there is a call that is coming from the sky." [10] Asked what would be her message for young writers, especially for those who are writing in their native language, she said:

"I think that when we write, what is really important is that we need to read a lot. Sometimes young people say, 'Oh no, I don't read... I write!' Well, no. That's not possible. You need to read a lot. And the second message I would give them is not to strive to write well, but rather to write honestly. It's not the same thing." [10]

At a public press conference, she told journalists the following statement regarding her responsibility with the prize:

"The Nobel [prize], it hasn't sunk in yet, but it's true I feel I have a new responsibility. This responsibility is about carrying on the fight against injustice, whatever it is. I use the term 'injustice' but it has different levels. Everything that is a form of injustice towards women, towards those I call the dominated ones. I can tell you I will fight until my last breath so that women be able to choose to become mothers or to choose not to. It's a fundamental right. Contraception and the right to abortion are the core of women's freedom because it is a societal choice, it is a political choice and that's why in some countries, in some regions of the United States, in some states they're aware of this and that's why they want to maintain the centuries-old domination of women." [11] [12]

International reactions

Right after the Swedish Academy announced Ernaux as the recipient of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature, it immediately received numerous praises from literary societies and critics. Jacques Testard, from Fitzcarraldo Editions which publishes the English translations of her works, described her as "exceptional and unique" and a "very important feminist" writer of the contemporary times. [2] [13] "With her interest in memory and in writing a life", said Testard, "Proust is quite an obvious antecedent" for Ernaux. [2]

Despite her being unsparing with President Emmanuel Macron, pouring scorn on his background in banking and said his first term as president failed to advance the cause of French women, the politician continued congratulating her for her literary achievement, saying through Twitter: "Annie Ernaux has been writing for 50 years the novel of the collective and intimate memory of our country. Her voice is that of women's freedom, and the century's forgotten ones." [14] [13]

Annie Ernaux at the 30th Brive-la-Gaillarde Book Fair. Annie Ernaux.jpg
Annie Ernaux at the 30th Brive-la-Gaillarde Book Fair.

Professor Ruth Cruickshank, who specialises in contemporary French fiction at Royal Holloway, University of London, said: "When a woman wins the Nobel Prize for Literature it is always great news. Thirteen dead and two living white French men (Le Clézio and Modiano) have been Nobel laureates since 1901... Ernaux explores memories of life experiences – both extraordinary and relatable – a backstreet abortion; failed affairs whether with a lover in Russia or a man 30 years younger; the death of her parents; breast cancer." [13] American novelist Brandon Taylor joked about Ernaux's win, saying: "Cinema is back. Annie Ernaux is a Nobel laureate. Perhaps modernity is saved." [15] David Levitz of the DW News , described her as "an obscure choice" than authors Salman Rushdie and Michel Houellebecq, despite being the favorite to win in 2021. [16]

French author Édouard Louis welcomed Ernaux's win, saying: "she didn't try to fit into existing definitions of literature, of what is beautiful: she came up with her own." [17] He is often compared to her and referred to as her successor due to the similarities of their backgrounds and literary styles. "No one writes in the same way after reading Annie Ernaux," he said. [18] Another admirer was philosopher Didier Eribon, who expressed: "I have such admiration for her, not just as a writer, but for her activism... She always found a way to capture in one sentence what I couldn't say in a page." Eribon first met Ernaux in 2002, shortly after the death of Pierre Bourdieu, a leading French sociologist and globalization critic, becoming close acquaintances thereafter. [19]

Interviewed by a Euronews journalist whether he was disappointed that he was not awarded this year, despite being nominated annually, Albanian novelist Ismail Kadare replied that he had no such feelings. "As you can see," he said, "I have no thoughts. 40 years ago, I might have but not today." [20] Kadare's wife, Helena Kadare, said that they did not know Ernaux and that they had not even heard of her before the ceremony, even though they have been living in France for many years. [21] She said: "We don't know the writer who won the Nobel, even though we live in France. I've never heard her, to be sure, but I haven’t even heard her name before. As long as the Nobel jury is the same and has been saying no [to Kadare] for 40 years, you don’t have to change your opinion about them." [20] [21] [22]

Award ceremony

Nobel lecture

Press conference with Annie Ernaux in the Stockholm Stock Exchange Building at the Swedish Academy in Stockholm on December 7, 2022. Annie Ernaux in 2022 (1 av 11).jpg
Press conference with Annie Ernaux in the Stockholm Stock Exchange Building at the Swedish Academy in Stockholm on December 7, 2022.

Ernaux delivered her Nobel lecture on December 7, 2022, and spoke of how she hopes her work, which mixes fiction and memoir, has affected others, or in her own words, "shatter the loneliness of experiences endured and repressed and enable beings to reimagine themselves." [23] She said she took to writing her personal experiences because "a book can contribute to change" and "enable beings to reimagine themselves". She mentioned Rimbaud, Flaubert, Proust, Woolf, Camus, Rousseau, Kafka, Hugo and among others as authors who somehow shaped her views and influenced her writing style. [24] In her youth, she began to love a wide array of literary masterpieces due to her mother's passion. She elaborated:

"From the time I could read, books were my companions, and reading was my natural occupation outside of school. This appetite was nurtured by a mother who, between customers, in her shop, read a great many novels, and preferred me reading rather than sewing and knitting. The high cost of books, the suspicion with which they were regarded at my religious school, made them even more desirable. Don Quixote , Gulliver's Travels , Jane Eyre , the tales of Grimm and Andersen, David Copperfield , Gone with the Wind , and later Les Misérables , The Grapes of Wrath , Nausea , The Stranger : chance, more than the school's prescriptions, determined what I read." [23]

Prize presentation

Ernaux received her Nobel diploma and medal from Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden, on 10 December 2022. Nobel Committee chairman Anders Olsson described her as an author who regards "language [as] a means to dispel the fog of memory and a knife to uncover the real". [25] He noted:

"Annie Ernaux’s writing is restrained with feelings and expressions of emotion, but passion pulses beneath the surface. Relentlessly, Ernaux exposes the shame that penetrates class experience... An unrelenting gaze and a plain style are [her] characteristics, and that she succeeds in making her pain relevant to all. [25]

Banquet speech

In her banquet speech at Stockholm City Hall on 10 December 2022, Ernaux hailed Albert Camus, who was awarded the 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature. [26] She said:

"I was seventeen in 1957, when I heard on the radio that Albert Camus had been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in Stockholm. So I discovered, with a mixture of pride and delight, that the author of L’étranger and L’homme révolté , two texts that had deeply affected me, had just been honored by the greatest arbiter of distinction in the world. To find myself here, sixty-five years later, fills me with a sense of profound amazement and gratitude. Amazement at the mystery presented by a life’s trajectory and the uncertain, solitary pursuit of its writing. And gratitude for allowing me to join Camus and those other writers, living and dead, whom I admire." [27]

Nobel campaigns for Rushdie

British author Salman Rushdie was among the favourites to win the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature based on online betting sites. Salman Rushdie 2014 (cropped).jpg
British author Salman Rushdie was among the favourites to win the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature based on online betting sites.
Persian Samizdat edition of Salman Rushdie's Satanic Verses c. 2000 Salman Rushdie, Satanic Verses -1988- illegal Iranian edition.JPG
Persian Samizdat edition of Salman Rushdie's Satanic Verses c. 2000

Following the attack on the British author Salman Rushdie on August 12, 2022, [30] [31] [32] as he was about to give a public lecture at the Chautauqua Institution in Chautauqua, New York, U.S., numerous academic institutions and societies started calling the attention of the Swedish Academy's Nobel Committee to bestow him this year's Nobel Prize in Literature. [33] [34] [35] Among the authors calling to recognize Rushdie were French philosopher Bernard-Henri Lévy, [36] French Minister of Culture Françoise Nyssen, British writers Ian McEwan and Neil Gaiman, Indian writers Kavery Nambisan and Adil Jussawalla, [35] and Canadian author Margaret Atwood who declared, "If we don’t defend free speech, we live in tyranny: Salman Rushdie shows us that." [37] [38] American journalist David Remnick explains why Rushdie deserves the Nobel Prize:

"As a literary artist, Rushdie is richly deserving of the Nobel, and the case is only augmented by his role as an uncompromising defender of freedom and a symbol of resiliency. No such gesture could reverse the wave of illiberalism that has engulfed so much of the world. But, after all its bewildering choices, the Swedish Academy has the opportunity, by answering the ugliness of a state-issued death sentence with the dignity of its highest award, to rebuke all the clerics, autocrats, and demagogues—including our own—who would galvanize their followers at the expense of human liberty. Freedom of expression, as Rushdie’s ordeal reminds us, has never come free, but the prize is worth the price." [33]

Rushdie, known for his controversial 1988 novel The Satanic Verses which earned him a fatwā from Iran's supreme leader Ayatollah Khomeini, has annually been included in the Ladbrokes odds. [39] [40] Journalist Jeff Simon of The Buffalo News expressed the possibility of Rushdie winning the prestigious prize, saying:

"A Nobel for Rushdie wouldn't only be a glorious message from our civilization to all who would decry "the free word"; it would, in effect, be a way of redeeming, in its hour of need, the Nobel Prize for Literature itself... And now just imagine what it might possibly mean this October if they decided, after all, to give the Nobel to [him], who currently lives and works in America but is civilization's very symbol of how much courage is often required of the written word in this world." [34]

It was not until 27 years later when the Swedish Academy, which had been neutral regarding the Rushdie affairs, condemned the Iranian death warrant against the British author. [41] Prior to the condemnation, two of the Academy's members, Kerstin Ekman and Lars Gyllensten, stopped participating in the Academy's work in protest at its refusal to make an appeal to the Swedish cabinet in support for Rushdie. [42] [43]

Rushdie is noted for his literary works such as Midnight's Children (1981), The Moor's Last Sigh (1995), Shalimar the Clown (2005), and Joseph Anton: A Memoir (2012), an account of his life in the wake of the events following The Satanic Verses. [39] Since then he has become an icon for "freedom of speech" in the realm of literature. [44] [45] [46] [47]

Following Ernaux's win, many Rushdie supporters as well as some writers expressed disappointment for Rushdie not being awarded despite the campaigns and appeals. If given the chance to win in the future, he will be the second Indian to do so – after Rabindranath Tagore won it for Gitanjali way back in 1913. [48]

Nobel Committee

In 2022, the Swedish Academy's Nobel Committee was composed of the following members: [49]

Committee Members
Seat No.PictureNameElectedPositionProfession
4 Anders Olsson at Goteborg Book Fair 2018 (cropped2).jpg Anders Olsson
(b. 1949)		2008committee chairliterary critic, literary historian
11 Mats Malm on the Nobel Prize in Literature 2022 (cropped).jpg Mats Malm
(b. 1964)		2018associate member
permanent secretary		translator, literary historian, editor
12 Per Wastberg 2010c (cropped).jpg Per Wästberg
(b. 1933)		1997membernovelist, journalist, poet, essayist
13 Anne Sward (cropped2).jpg Anne Swärd
(b. 1969)		2019membernovelist
9 Ellen Mattson 2019 (cropped).jpg Ellen Mattson
(b. 1963)		2019membernovelist, essayist
14 Steve Sem-Sandberg in Oct, 2014 (cropped).jpg Steve Sem-Sandberg
(b. 1958)		2021memberjournalist, author, translator

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References

  1. ↑ The Nobel Prize in Literature 2022 nobelprize.org
  2. 1 2 3 Sarah Shaffi (6 October 2022). "Annie Ernaux wins the 2022 Nobel prize in literature". The Guardian . Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  3. ↑ Jacob Brogan (6 October 2022). "Annie Ernaux is the winner of the 2022 Nobel Prize for literature". The Washington Post . Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  4. ↑ "Annie Ernaux wins Nobel Prize in literature". CNN . 6 October 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  5. ↑ "French novelist, memoirist Annie Ernaux wins Nobel Prize for Literature". France24 . 6 October 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  6. ↑ Bushby, Helen (6 October 2022). "Annie Ernaux: French writer wins Nobel Prize in Literature". BBC News . Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  7. ↑ "French author Annie Ernaux wins 2022 Nobel Prize for Literature". Onmanorama. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  8. ↑ Annie Ernaux annie-ernaux.org
  9. ↑ Prize announcement – “It’s a very strong prose, both brief and uncompromising” nobelprize.org
  10. 1 2 3 Nobel Prize (7 October 2022). "Annie Ernaux: "I think that when we write, what is really important is that we need to read a lot."". YouTube . Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  11. ↑ Jacob Brogan (6 October 2022). "Nobel Prize in literature goes to Annie Ernaux, known for her memoir 'The Years'". The Washington Post . Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  12. ↑ The Guardian (7 October 2022). "2022 Nobel prize winner Annie Ernaux: 'I feel I have a new responsibility'". YouTube . Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  13. 1 2 3 Helen Bushby and Ian Youngs (6 October 2022). "Annie Ernaux: 'Uncompromising' French author wins Nobel Literature Prize". BBC News . Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  14. ↑ Jeffrey Schaeffer, David Keyton and Jill Lawless (6 October 2022). "Nobel Prize in Literature Is Awarded to French Writer Annie Ernaux". NBC News . Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  15. ↑ "Nobel prize in literature 2022: French creator Annie Ernaux introduced as winner – because it occurred". newsportel.com. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  16. ↑ DW News (7 October 2022). "Writing about sexuality and inequality, Annie Ernaux is now among the greatest authors". YouTube . Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  17. ↑ "Édouard Louis on Annie Ernaux: She 'came up with her own' definition of literature". headtopics.com. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  18. ↑ Sophie Joubert (6 October 2022). "Annie Ernaux & Edouard Louis: Writing as a Political Act". France-Amérique . Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  19. ↑ Laura Capelle and Alex Marshall (6 October 2022). "Didier Eribon on Ernaux: She captured 'in one sentence what I couldn't say in a page.'". New York Times . Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  20. 1 2 "Exclusive/ 'I have no thoughts', Ismail Kadare on this year's Nobel prize winner". Euronews Albania. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  21. 1 2 "Ismail Kadare on the Nobel Prize: I am not impressed at all". Tirana Post. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  22. ↑ "Kadare for announcing the 'Nobel' in Literature: I have no experience". Alfa Press. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  23. 1 2 Annie Ernaux – Nobel Prize lecture nobelprize.org
  24. ↑ "France's Annie Ernaux says Nobel win a 'sign of hope' for women writers". Radio France Internationale . 10 December 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
  25. 1 2 2022 Presentation speech nobelprize.org
  26. ↑ "Nobel laureate Annie Ernaux hails Albert Camus". The Local. 11 December 2022.
  27. ↑ Annie Ernaux – Banquet speech nobelprize.org
  28. ↑ Sarah Shaffi (4 October 2022). "Salman Rushdie among favourites for this year's Nobel prize for literature". The Guardian . Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  29. ↑ "UK bookies back Salman Rushdie to win the Nobel Prize for Literature". Deccan Herald . 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  30. ↑ Goodman, Joshua (12 August 2022). "Author Salman Rushdie attacked on lecture stage in New York". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  31. ↑ Staniszewski, Eugene J. (12 August 2022). "State Police are investigating an attack on author Salman Rushdie". New York State Police Newsroom. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  32. ↑ "Salman Rushdie & Henry Reese". Chautauqua Institution. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  33. 1 2 David Remnick (28 August 2022). "It's Time for Salman Rushdie's Nobel Prize". The New Yorker . Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  34. 1 2 Jeff Simon (31 August 2022). "Restore the luster of the Nobel Prize for Literature. Give it to Salman Rushdie". The Buffalo News. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  35. 1 2 R. Raj Rao (24 September 2022). "Should Salman Rushdie get the Nobel Prize for literature in 2022?". Scroll.in . Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  36. ↑ Walter Ellis (17 August 2022). "Bérnard-Henri Lévy champions Salman Rushdie for the Nobel Prize". reaction.life. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  37. ↑ Margaret Atwood (15 August 2022). "If we don't defend free speech, we live in tyranny: Salman Rushdie shows us that". The Guardian . Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  38. ↑ "French authors ask for the Nobel Prize for Literature for Salman Rushdie, the writer who was stabbed in public". 247 News Agency. 14 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  39. 1 2 Jonathan Russell Clark (7 October 2015). "Why Salman Rushdie Should Win the Nobel Prize in Literature". Literary Hub. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  40. ↑ Anis Shivani (4 October 2011). "Which Writer Most Deserves the 2011 Nobel Prize in Literature?". HuffPost . Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  41. ↑ "Swedish Academy condemns Salman Rushdie death warrant 27 years later". The Guardian . 24 March 2016. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  42. ↑ "Nobel Judge Steps Down in Protest". BBC News. 11 October 2005. Archived from the original on 18 October 2006. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  43. ↑ Associated Press, "Who Deserves Nobel Prize? Judges Don't Agree" Archived 5 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine , MSNBC, 11 October 2005. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  44. ↑ "Salman Rushdie and the struggle for free speech". The Economist . 18 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  45. ↑ Becky Sullivan (19 August 2022). "Since 1989, threats to Salman Rushdie have sparked support and debate on free speech". National Public Radio . Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  46. ↑ Jennifer Schuessler (15 August 2022). "The Stabbing of Salman Rushdie Renews Free Speech Debates". New York Times . Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  47. ↑ Alex Morey (10 November 2015). "Salman Rushdie Champions Free Speech, Chides Coddled Students at 'Chicago Tribune' Award Ceremony". thefire.org. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  48. ↑ Shinie Antony (8 October 2022). "Why not Salman Rushdie? A short story of desire and disappointment". moneycontrol.com. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  49. ↑ The Nobel Committee 2022 – Nobel Prize in Literature svenskaakademien.se
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