2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

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2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season summary.png
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed24 May 2024
Last system dissipated21 December 2024
Strongest storm
Name Remal
 • Maximum winds110 km/h (70 mph)
(3-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure978 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Depressions12
Deep depressions7
Cyclonic storms4
Severe cyclonic storms2
Very severe cyclonic storms0
Extremely severe cyclonic storms0
Super cyclonic storms0
Total fatalities279 total
Total damage$2.29 billion (2024 USD)
Related articles
North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026

The 2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season is an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. It was above-average in terms of depressions and average in terms of formation of cyclonic storms. [1] The season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the peak from May to Early November. These dates conventionally delimit each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

Contents

The scope of this article is limited to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere, east of the Horn of Africa and west of the Malay Peninsula. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea to the west of the Indian subcontinent, abbreviated ARB by the India Meteorological Department (IMD); and the Bay of Bengal to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD. And, the depressions formed over the land, are abbreviated LAND by the Indian Meteorological Department.

The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. On average, four to five cyclonic storms form in this basin every season. [2]

Season summary

Cyclone FengalCyclone DanaDeep Depression BOB 05 (2024)Cyclone AsnaCyclone Remal2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

Systems

Severe Cyclonic Storm Remal

Severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Remal 2024-05-26 0740Z.jpg   Remal 2024 path.png
Duration24 May – 28 May
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (3-min);
978  hPa  (mbar)

After four months of inactivity, on 21 May, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) began monitoring a cyclonic circulation in the Bay of Bengal. [3] Later that day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) would also begin tracking the system, noting that it was likely to become a monsoon depression. [4] The next day, the IMD noted that a low-pressure area had formed adjacent to the cyclonic circulation. [5] Late on 23 May, the IMD upgraded the system into a well-marked low, stating that it was rapidly coalescing. [6] The next day, the IMD stated that the depression formed in the Bay of Bengal, designating it as BOB 01. [7] Subsequently, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA), noting the depression's broad circulation center and its improving rainbands. [8] The next day, BOB 01 intensified into a deep depression. [9] The JTWC would recognize the system as a cyclone, designating it as 01B. [10] Soon after, the depression intensified into a cyclonic storm, causing the IMD to name it Remal . [11] On 26 May, Remal intensified into a severe cyclonic storm with 3-minute sustained winds of 95 km/h (60 mph). Due to favourable conditions, including high sea surface temperatures over northern Bay of Bengal and low wind shear, Remal intensified further with wind speeds reaching 110 km/h. It made landfall over Bangladesh and adjoining West Bengal on the night of 26 May. Landfall process was completed by the morning of 27 May and it had weakened into a cyclonic storm. Cyclone Remal was the most powerful cyclonic Storm of the 2024 North Indian Ocean Cyclone Season.

Depression BOB 02

Depression (IMD)
BOB 02 2024-07-20 0758Z.jpg   BOB02 2024 path.png
Duration19 July – 20 July
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
990  hPa  (mbar)

On 19 July, IMD marked an area of low pressure off the coast of Odisha. The disturbance was later upgraded into a depression, designated as BOB 02. [12] The disturbance later moved inland, weakened back into a low-pressure area. [13]

Deep Depression LAND 01

Deep depression (IMD)
LAND01 2024-08-04 0755Z.jpg   LAND01 2024 path.png
Duration2 August – 6 August
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min);
995  hPa  (mbar)

On 31 July, a cyclonic circulation formed over Gangetic West Bengal. Tracking westward, on 2 August, the disturbance developed into a depression. Two days later, it intensified further, becoming a deep depression over southwest Bihar. [14] Continuing its westward track, on 5 August, the system weakened into a depression. [15] It dissipated the next day. [16]

Due to the westward shift of the monsoon trough, the depression formed on land instead of the usual formation in the Bay of Bengal. [17]

As a result of the depression, Dum Dum in Kolkata received 100 millimetres (3.9 in) of rain on 3 August. [18]

Cyclonic Storm Asna

Cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Asna 2024-08-30 0830Z.jpg   Asna 2024 path.png
Duration25 August – 3 September
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (3-min);
988  hPa  (mbar)

On 24 August, a cyclonic circulation formed over Madhya and Uttar Pradesh. Early the next day, on 25 August, the IMD noted that it had developed into a land depression over Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. [19] Later that day, the depression intensified into a deep depression southeast of Udaipur. [20] On 27 August, the JTWC began tracking the deep depression, noting that it was in a marginal environment for development. [21] Two days later, on 29 August, they issued a TCFA on the developing depression, [22] prior to designating it as Tropical Cyclone 02A early the next day. [23] Later that same day, on 30 August, the IMD upgraded it into a cyclonic storm, naming it Asna. [a] [25] [26] It further moved into the Arabian Sea. [27] On 1 September, Asna was stripped of any convection due to dry air entrainment and degenerated to a remnant low. [28]

Many parts of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh were flooded due to heavy rains from the storm. p to 260 mm (10 in) of rain fell in Vadodara and Ahmedabad recorded 120 mm (4.7 in) of rainfall. [29] [30] Flooding in Gujarat killed 49 people. [31] [32] An initial survey reported that the Government of Gujarat suffered damages worth more than ₹250 crore (US$29 million) to government properties and public infrastructure. [33]

Depression BOB 03

Depression (IMD)
Depression BOB 03 2024.jpg   BOB03 2024 path.png
Duration31 August – 2 September
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
996  hPa  (mbar)

On 29 August, the IMD marked an area of low pressure in the Bay of Bengal. Two days later, early on 31 August, the IMD upgraded it into a depression, designated as BOB 03, off the coast of Andhra Pradesh. It made landfall that same day before weakening back to a low pressure inland.

27 deaths from rain related incidents were recorded in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. [34] Flooding caused by the depression resulted in a loss of ₹7,600 crore (US$906 million) and ₹5,438 crore (US$648 million) in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana respectively. [35] [36]

Deep Depression BOB 04

Deep depression (IMD)
DDBOB04.jpg   BOB04 2024 path.png
Duration7 September – 13 September
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min);
990  hPa  (mbar)

Late on 5 September, the IMD marked an area of low pressure in the Bay of Bengal. On 7 September, it got upgraded to a depression by the IMD and marked as Invest 92B by the JTWC. Then, on 8 September, it got upgraded to a deep depression off the coast of Odisha. On 9 September, the deep depression made landfall in Odisha and weakened back down to a prominent low pressure system. Two days later, the IMD reupgraded the system into a depression over Madhya Pradesh. On 13 September, the depression finally dissipated over northwest Uttar Pradesh.

Deep Depression BOB 05

Deep depression (IMD)
BOB 05 2024-09-14 0600Z.jpg   BOB05 2024 path.png
Duration13 September – 18 September
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min);
989  hPa  (mbar)

After degenerating into a remnant low, the weak remnants of Typhoon Yagi would begin tracking towards the North Indian Ocean, [37] causing the IMD to start tracking it as a cyclonic circulation over Myanmar on 11 September. [38] This disturbance would coalesce into a low-pressure area the next day, [39] further developing into a well-marked low-pressure just a few hours later. [40] Soon after, it developed into a depression. [41] Early the next morning, it became a deep depression over Bangladesh and West Bengal. [42] On 15 September, it weakened back down to a depression as it slowly moved westward over western India.

Due to heavy rain from this system, seven people were killed by landslides in Cox's Bazar District. [43] Five fishermen also died [44] and over 500 more went missing in the district. [45] In Cox's Bazar, 378 mm (14.9 in) of rain was recorded within a 12-hour period from 11 to 12 September. [46] These heavy rains resulted in the flooding of over 200 villages within seven upazilas of the district. [44] Another 11 people were killed by flooding in Noakhali District, [47] where 100 fishermen went missing. Additionally, two people were killed when a boat capsized in Jagannathpur Upazila. [48] In India, heavy rains lashed Kolkata and West Bengal. 72.4 mm (2.85 in) of rain was recorded over a 24-hour period, with a total of 125.8 mm (4.95 in) was recorded in Kolkata. [49]

Due to the heavy rains, the Damodar Valley Corporation released more than 3.5 lakh cusec of water from its dams, resulting in inundation of Birbhum, Bankura, Howrah, Hooghly, North and South 24 Parganas, Purba and Paschim Medinipur, and Paschim Bardhaman districts of West Bengal. 28 people were killed due to these floods and 25,000 people had to moved to safer areas. [50]

Depression ARB 01

Depression (IMD)
ARB 01 2024-10-13 0900Z.jpg   ARB01 2024 path.png
Duration13 October – 15 October
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
1004  hPa  (mbar)

On 11 October, the IMD marked an area of low pressure in the Arabian Sea. Two days later, late on 13 October, the IMD upgraded it into a depression, designated as ARB 01. On 15 October, it degenerated back to a low pressure due to increased dry air making it more disorganized. Later that same day, it stalled over the coast of Oman before dissipating.

Depression BOB 06

Depression (IMD)
BOB 06 2024-10-15 0425Z.jpg   BOB06 2024 path.png
Duration15 October – 17 October
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
1002  hPa  (mbar)

On 14 October, a well marked low pressure area formed in the south of the Bay of Bengal. The IMD upgraded it to a depression, designating it as BOB 06, early on 15 October as it moved west-northwestwards before making landfall in Andhra Pradesh on 17 October at 04:30 IST. It weakened further into a low pressure area as it moved north-westwards into India and dissipated. [51]

In the wake of this system, heavy rains slashed Puducherry, Chennai and other parts of Andhra Pradesh, bringing these areas to a standstill. Bengaluru and its adjoining areas too received heavy rainfall. Residential neighbourhoods and roads were inundated with knee-deep water, causing widespread disruptions to daily life. The relentless downpour led to traffic congestion, crippled public transportation services, and forced the cancellation of several flights. The Southern Railway announced the cancellation and diversion of several trains due to waterlogging. [52]

Severe Cyclonic Storm Dana

Severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Dana 2024-10-24 0800Z.jpg   Dana 2024 path.png
Duration22 October – 26 October
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (3-min);
984  hPa  (mbar)

A low pressure area formed in the south Bay of Bengal on October 20. On October 21, it organised into a well-marked low pressure area. It strengthened into a depression on October 22. [53] The same day in the evening, it had consolidated into a deep depression and moving in a west-northwest direction. [54] Over the next 6 hours, it intensified into cyclonic storm and was named Dana by the IMD. [b] On October 23, it further intesified into a severe cyclonic storm. [56] The system made landfall between 23:30 IST of October 24 and 08:30 IST of October 25 close to Habalikhati Nature Camp (Bhitarkanika) and Dhamra Port on the Odisha Coast, weakening into a cyclonic storm. [57] It weakened into a deep depression at a distance of 40 km north-northwest of Bhadrak [58] and then into a depression about 70 km east-southeast of Keonjhar and remained stationary over that area, weakening further into a remnant low and dissipated on October 26. [59]

Cyclonic Storm Fengal

Cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Fengal 2024-11-30.jpg   Fengal 2024 path.png
Duration25 November – 1 December
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (3-min);
992  hPa  (mbar)

On 14 November, the Bureau of Meteorology noted that a tropical low could form west of Sumatra. [60] Several days later, they noted that the tropical low was developing. [61] Further consolidation due to a westerly wind burst led to the formation of a low-pressure area over Southeast Bay of Bengal and a deadly twin cyclone on 23 November. [62] By 24 November, it intensified into a well-marked low pressure area. It intensified further into a depression on 25 November, moving northwestwards towards Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka coast. On 26 November, it intensified further into a deep depression, later moving into Sri Lanka. On 29 November, the system strengthened into a cyclonic storm and hence was named Fengal by the IMD. [63] On 30 November, the cyclonic storm made landfall between Karaikal and Mahabalipuram close to Puducherry as a cyclonic storm. [64] [65] The next day, on 1 December, the remnants of the cyclone weakened to a deep depression and then further into a depression over the same region. [66] It weakened further into a remnant low over north interior Tamil Nadu on 2 December. [67] Subsequently, the system emerged over coastal Karnataka and proceeded into the Arabian Sea, [68] and dissipated 2 days later.

Depression BOB 09

Depression (IMD)
BOB 09 21-12-2024.jpg   BOB09 2024 path.png
Duration20 December – 21 December
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
1003  hPa  (mbar)

On 16 December, A low-pressure area formed over the central part of southern Bay of Bengal. On 19 December, it intensified further into a well-marked low-pressure area. On 20 December, it intensified further into a depression and moved over the west-central Bay of Bengal near Andhra Pradesh. On 21 December, it weakened into a well-marked low pressure area. [69]

Storm names

Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached cyclonic storm intensity with winds of 65 km/h (40 mph). The names were selected by a new list from the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in New Delhi by mid-2020. [70] There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin from other basins, like the western pacific basin, then it will retain its original name. The names used for 2024 North Indian Ocean Cyclone Season are listed below. [71]

Season effects

This is a table of all storms in the 2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, duration, peak intensities according to the IMD storm scale, damage, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low. All of the damage figures are in 2024 USD.

NameDatesPeak intensityAreas affectedDamage
(USD)		DeathsRefs
Category Wind speedPressure
Remal 24–28 MaySevere cyclonic storm110 km/h (70 mph)978 hPa (28.88 inHg) India (Odisha, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Northeast India), Bangladesh, Myanmar $637 million85 [72]
BOB 0219–20 JulyDepression45 km/h (30 mph)990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Odisha NoneNone
LAND 012–6 AugustDeep depression55 km/h (35 mph)995 hPa (29.38 inHg) West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan NoneNone
Asna 25 August – 3 SeptemberCyclonic storm75 km/h (45 mph)988 hPa (29.18 inHg) Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Pakistan $30 million73 [33]
BOB 0331 August – 2 SeptemberDepression45 km/h (30 mph)996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha $1.55 billion27
BOB 047–13 SeptemberDeep depression55 km/h (35 mph)990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh NoneNone
BOB 05 13–18 SeptemberDeep depression55 km/h (35 mph)989 hPa (29.21 inHg) Bangladesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh Unknown50
ARB 0113–15 OctoberDepression45 km/h (30 mph)1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Oman NoneNone
BOB 0615–17 OctoberDepression45 km/h (30 mph)1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Puducherry, Karnataka NoneNone
Dana 22 October–26 OctoberSevere cyclonic storm110 km/h (70 mph)984 hPa (29.06 inHg) Odisha, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Bangladesh $73.3 million7
Fengal 25 November – 1 DecemberCyclonic storm85 km/h (50 mph)992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Sri Lanka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka Unknown37
BOB 0920 December – 21 DecemberDepression45 km/h (30 mph)1003 hPa (29.62 inHg)NoneNone0
Season aggregates
12 systems24 May – Season ongoing110 km/h (70 mph)978 hPa (28.88 inHg)$2.29 billion279

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The name Asna was provided by Pakistan, which means the one to be acknowledged or praised in Urdu. [24]
  2. ↑ The name Dana, was suggested by Qatar, which is an Arabic word meaning "generosity". It holds cultural significance in Arabic culture, signifying ‘the most perfectly sized, valuable, and beautiful pearl.’ [55]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> Indian Ocean cyclone season

The 2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an above-average and deadly season, becoming the most active since 2019, with nine depressions and six cyclonic storms forming. It was the deadliest since 2017, mostly due to Cyclone Mocha, and had the second-highest accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) in the basin, after 2019. It also had the most extremely severe cyclonic storms on record, tying with 1999 and 2019. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the peak from May to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. However, a cyclone can form at any time during the year shown by an unnamed depression that affected Sri Lanka in January–February.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Asani</span> North Indian Ocean cyclone in 2022

Severe Cyclonic Storm Asani was a strong tropical cyclone that made landfall in India in May 2022. It was the strongest storm of 2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. The third depression and deep depression, and the first named storm of the 2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Asani originated from a depression that the Indian Meteorological Department first monitored on May 7. Conditions rapidly favored development as the system became a deep depression by that day before intensifying to a Cyclonic Storm Asani. On the next day it further intensified and peak to a severe cyclonic storm, before making landfall as a deep depression system over Andhra Pradesh. It degenerated into a well marked low-pressure on May 12.

This timeline documents all of the events of the 2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. The scope of this article is limited to the North Indian basin. During the season, systems will be designated as tropical depressions by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). Since they run the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) for the basin, they will assign names to tropical depressions which developed into tropical storms in the basin. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) also monitors the basin, issuing unofficial bulletins for tropical cyclones which form in the basin for military interests.

References

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