Arthrodira is an order of extinct armored, jawed fishes of the class Placodermi that flourished in the Devonian period before their sudden extinction, surviving for about 50 million years and penetrating most marine ecological niches. Arthrodires were the largest and most diverse of all groups of placoderms.
Groenlandaspis is an extinct genus of arthrodire from the Late Devonian. Fossils of the different species are found in late Devonian strata in all continents except eastern Asia. The generic name commemorates the fact that the first specimens of the type species were found in Greenland.
Arctolepis is an extinct genus of placoderm arthrodire fish which lived during the Early Devonian period. Fossils of Arctolepis have been found in what is now Norway and Michigan.
Phlyctaeniidae is an extinct family of placoderm arthrodire fishes that lived during the Devonian period, mainly in Norway and North America.
Heintzosteus is an extinct genus of placoderm arthrodire fish, which lived during the Late Devonian period in Spitsbergen, Norway.
Aleosteus is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish of the Early Devonian period. The type species Aleosteus eganensis was described in 2000, and was found in the Late Emsian strate of the Sevy Dolomite Formation, in the Egan Range of east-central Nevada, USA. Almost complete fossils belong to juvenile and adult specimens and show a short and broad skull, posteriorly concave.
Wuttagoonaspidae is a family of extinct primitive arthrodire placoderm fishes from Early Devonian China and Middle Devonian Australia. It contains two genera, Wuttagoonaspis and Yiminaspis, some of the more basal members of the order Arthrodira, as shown in the cladogram below:
Yiminaspis is an extinct monospecific genus of primitive arthrodire placoderm fish from Emsian-aged marine strata in Yunnan, China. The type species Yiminaspis shenme was named and described in 2008, and is known from a flattened partial skull and portions of the thoracic armor.
Yujiangolepis is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish from the Pragian stage of the Devonian period. The type species is Yujiangolepis liujingensis, described from a single incomplete skull roof from the Nakaoling (Nagaoling) Formation of Hengxian, Guangxi, South China. It is one of the more basal members of the order Arthrodira, closely related to Antarctaspis, as shown in the cladogram below:
Aethaspis is an extinct genus of arthrodire placoderm fish from the Devonian period. Two species were described by Denison in 1958: Aethapsis major and Aethapsis utahensis. It is one of the more basal members of the order Arthrodira, as shown in the cladogram below:
Lehmanosteus is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish, named after French paleontologist Jean-Pierre Lehman. The type species Lehmanosteus hyperboreus was described in 1984, and was found in Early Devonian strata of the Wood Bay Formation on the island of Spitsbergen, Svalbard in Norway.
Simblaspis is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish of the Early Devonian period. The type species Aleosteus eganensis was described in 1958, and was found in Pragian strata of the Qasr Limestone in Saudi Arabia.
Heightingtonaspis is an extinct genus of primitive arthrodire placoderm fish from the Devonian period in Great Britain, and currently contains three species.
Anarthraspis is an extinct genus of arthrodire placoderm fishes which lived during the Early Devonian period. It contains two species described in 1932, Anarthraspis chamberlini and Anarthraspis montanus, both found in the Beartooth Butte Formation of Wyoming and Montana, USA, and assigned to the genus in 1934.
Kujdanowiaspis is an extinct genus of arthrodire placoderm fish from the Early Devonian of Podolia (Ukraine), Poland and Spain. Kujdanowiaspis is known from many fragmentary head shields and body armours.
Erikaspis is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish found in Lochkovian-Pragian deposits of Podolia, Western Ukraine. The type species Erikaspis zychi was originally described in 1945 by Erik Stensiö based on a partial skull-roof, and was named Kujdanowiaspis zychi. In 2007, it was subsequently reassigned to the newly named genus Erikaspis, based on significant differences from Kujdanowiaspis.
Sigaspis is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish from the Early Devonian period. The type species Sigaspis lepidophora was described by Daniel Goujet in 1973, and was found on the island of Spitsbergen, Svalbard in Norway.
Eskimaspis is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish from the Early Devonian period. The type species Eskimaspis heintzi was described in 1984, and was found in the Peel Sound Formation on Prince of Wales Island in Arctic Canada.
Baringaspis is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish from the Early Devonian period. The type species Baringaspis dineleyi was described in 1973, and was found in the Peel Sound Formation on Prince of Wales Island in Arctic Canada.
Proaethaspis is an extinct monospecific genus of arthrodire placoderm fish from the Early Devonian period. The type species Proaethaspis ohioensis was described in 1960, but was assigned to the genus Proaethaspis in 1978.
