Crystal | |
---|---|
Location of the river mouth in South Australia | |
Location | |
Country | Australia |
State | South Australia |
Region | Mid North |
Physical characteristics | |
Source | Mount Zion |
- location | Wirrabara Forest |
- elevation | 367 m (1,204 ft) |
Mouth | confluence with the Broughton River |
- location | west of Crystal Brook |
- coordinates | 33°21′S138°06′E / 33.350°S 138.100°E Coordinates: 33°21′S138°06′E / 33.350°S 138.100°E |
- elevation | 46 m (151 ft) |
Length | 41 km (25 mi) |
Basin features | |
River system | Broughton River |
Waterhole | Beetaloo Reservoir |
[1] |
The Crystal Brook is an ephemeral stream located in the Mid North region of the Australian state of South Australia.
A watercourse is the channel that a flowing body of water follows. In the UK, some aspects of criminal law, such as The Rivers Act 1951, specify that a watercourse includes those rivers which are dry for part of the year.
The Mid North is a region of South Australia, north of the Adelaide Plains, but not as far north as the Far North, or the outback. It is generally accepted to extend from Spencer Gulf east to the Barrier Highway, including the coastal plain, the southern part of the Flinders Ranges, and the northern part of the Mount Lofty Ranges. The area was settled as early as 1840 and provided early farming and mining outputs for the fledgling colony. Farming is still significant in the area, particularly wheat, sheep and grapevines. There are not currently any significant mining activities in the Mid North.
South Australia is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of 983,482 square kilometres (379,725 sq mi), it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, and fifth largest by population. It has a total of 1.7 million people, and its population is the second most highly centralised in Australia, after Western Australia, with more than 77 percent of South Australians living in the capital, Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second largest centre, has a population of 28,684.
The stream was named in 1839 by the explorer Edward John Eyre for its clear water. [2] Eyre is recorded as saying that it "so forcibly reminded me of the beautiful bubbling brooks at home (England) that I at once named it the Chrystal Brook".
Edward John Eyre was an English land explorer of the Australian continent, colonial administrator, and a controversial Governor of Jamaica.
In most of its length it is normally a dry creek; it rises in the Wirrabara Forest area and is one of the major tributaries to the Broughton River, which it joins about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the latter's mouth. At Bowman Park there is a permanent spring, and this is probably the 'Crystal' water that Eyre was referring to when he named the stream. The brook only flows for its whole length following exceptional rains or a wetter than usual winter or spring.
The Broughton River is a river in the Australian state of South Australia.
Bowman Park is a public park in South Australia located on the Crystal Brook about 5 km northeast of the township of Crystal Brook and 200 km north of the capital city of Adelaide. The park has an area of about 40ha and is in the Mid North region of the state of South Australia, and named for the Bowman Brothers who settled in the area around 1850.
Kati Thanda-Lake Eyre National Park is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia. It is located 697 km north of the state capital of Adelaide within the gazetted locality of Lake Eyre. It contains both the North and South sections of Lake Eyre as well as sections of the Tirari Desert.
The Cooper Creek is one of the most famous rivers in Australia because it was the site of the death of the explorers Burke and Wills in 1861. It is sometimes known as the Barcoo River from one of its tributaries and is one of three major Queensland river systems that flow into the Lake Eyre basin. The flow of the creek depends on monsoonal rains falling months earlier and many hundreds of kilometres away in eastern Queensland. At 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) in length it is the second longest inland river system in Australia after the Murray-Darling system.
Crystal Brook is a town in South Australia, named after the spring-fed creek next to which it was founded. It is 197 kilometres (122 mi) north of Adelaide and in 2006 had a population of 1,185.
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded on the east by Spencer Gulf, the west by the Great Australian Bight, and the north by the Gawler Ranges.
The City of Port Lincoln is a local government area located on the southern tip of the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. It consists of one suburb - Port Lincoln. It is surrounded on land by the District Council of Lower Eyre Peninsula, which also has offices in Port Lincoln.
Coffin Bay, originally Coffin's Bay, is a town at the southern extremity of the Eyre Peninsula, a wheat growing area of South Australia. At the 2016 census, Coffin Bay had a population of 611.
The Hutt River is a river located in the Mid North and Clare Valley regions of the Australian state of South Australia.
The Eyre Creek is an ephemeral watercourse located in the Mid North region of the Australian state of South Australia.
The Warburton River is a freshwater stream in the far north of South Australia that flows in a south westerly direction and discharges into the eastern side of Lake Eyre. It is one of the state's largest rivers, and is part of the Lake Eyre Basin. It runs along the eastern side of the Simpson Desert, and drains water from Eyre Creek, the Diamantina and Georgina rivers from Goyder Lagoon, carrying it into Lake Eyre during its infrequent floods.
The Gilbert River is a river in the Mid North region of South Australia.
The Wakefield River is an ephemeral river that flows to an estuary in the Australian state of South Australia.
The Hill River is an ephemeral river located in the Mid North region of the Australian state of South Australia.
The Tod Reservoir is located on the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia, in the localities of Whites Flat and Koppio, 27 km north of Port Lincoln. It is situated on the Tod River, the only stream on Eyre Peninsula, South Australia providing reliable flows; the reservoir is supplied by concrete channels fed from weirs constructed across the Tod River and its major tributary, Pillaworta Creek. The river was named after Robert Tod who discovered it during explorations in 1839. The Tod River flows into Louth Bay in Spencer Gulf. The reservoir is listed on the South Australian Heritage Register.
The Peninsulas zone is a wine zone located in South Australia that covers the entire Yorke Peninsula, an adjoining portion of the Mid North of South Australia, the portion of Eyre Peninsula south of a line of latitude approximately in line with Crystal Brook and the islands located off the adjoining coastline. The zone is bounded by the Far North zone to its north by the Mount Lofty Ranges zone to its east. The term ‘The Peninsulas’ was registered as an Australian Geographical Indication under the Wine Australia Corporation Act 1980 on 27 December 1996.
The Clare Valley is a valley located in South Australia about 100 kilometres north of Adelaide in the Clare and Gilbert Valleys council area. It is the river valley formed by the Hutt River but is also strongly associated with the roughly parallel Hill River. The valley is traversed by the Horrocks Highway and the towns in the valley along that route from south to north are Auburn, Leasingham, Watervale, Penworthham, Sevenhill and Clare. The geographical feature has given rise to the Clare Valley wine region designation, a notable winegrowing region of Australia.
Hill River is a locality in the Yorke and Mid North region of South Australia, about 127 kilometres north of the Adelaide city centre. It is bisected by the Hill River, an ephemeral stream from which it derives its name. Its boundaries were created in January 2001 for the “long established name.”
The Frome River is an ephemeral river in the Australian state of South Australia located within the Lake Eyre basin. Its source is near Mount Rose in the northern Flinders Ranges and it discharges into the south-eastern side of the northern part of Lake Eyre.
The Strzelecki Creek, part of the Lake Eyre basin, is an ephemeral watercourse located in the Australian state of South Australia.
Sleaford Bay is a bay located in the Australian state of South Australia on the southern coast of Eyre Peninsula. It was named by the British navigator, Matthew Flinders in 1802.
Other Details: Named by Eyre in 1839. Dual named as Crystal Brook / Mercowie.
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