Dasiphora fruticosa

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Dasiphora fruticosa
Dasiphora fruticosa 5698.jpg
Dasiphora fruticosa subsp. floribunda
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Dasiphora
Species:
D. fruticosa
Binomial name
Dasiphora fruticosa
Synonyms [1]
List
    • Comocarpa fruticosa(L.) Rydb.
    • Dasiphora floribunda(Pursh) Raf.
    • Dasiphora ripariaRaf.
    • Fragaria fruticosa(L.) Crantz
    • Pentaphylloides elataSalisb.
    • Pentaphylloides floribunda(Pursh) Á.L”ve
    • Pentaphylloides fruticosa(L.) O.Schwarz
    • Pentaphylloides fruticosa subsp. floribunda(Pursh) M.La¡nz
    • Potentilla floribundaPursh
    • Potentilla fruticosaL.
    • Potentilla fruticosa subsp. floribunda(Pursh) Elkington
    • Potentilla fruticosa var. floribunda(Pursh) Steud.
    • Potentilla fruticosa var. prostrataLapeyr. ex Gaut.
    • Potentilla fruticosa var. pyrenaicaWilld. ex Schltdl.
    • Potentilla fruticosa var. tenuifolia(Willd. ex Schltdl.) Lehm.
    • Potentilla loureironisTratt.
    • Potentilla prostrataLapeyr.
    • Potentilla × tenuifoliaWilld. ex Schltdl.
    • Tormentilla fruticosa(L.) Stokes
Dasiphora fruticosa subsp. fruticosa, Estonia Dasiphora fruticosa - poosasmaran.jpg
Dasiphora fruticosa subsp. fruticosa, Estonia

Dasiphora fruticosa is a species of hardy deciduous flowering shrub in the family Rosaceae, native to the cool temperate and subarctic regions of the northern hemisphere, often growing at high altitudes in mountains. Dasiphora fruticosa is still widely referenced in the horticultural literature under its synonym Potentilla fruticosa. Common names include shrubby cinquefoil, [2] golden hardhack, [2] bush cinquefoil, [2] shrubby five-finger, [3] widdy, [2] kuril tea [4] and tundra rose. [5]

Contents

Description

It grows to 0.1–1 m (3.9–39.4 in) tall, rarely up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft). The habit is variably upright to sprawling or prostrate, but stems are often ascending especially those stems with many long branches. The bark of older stems is shreddy with long thin strips. The plants are densely leafy, the leaves divided into five or seven (occasionally three or nine) pinnate leaflets. The leaflets are linear-oblong, 3–20 mm (0.1–0.8 in) long, with entire margins and more or less acute ends. The foliage (both leaves and young stems) is pubescent, variably covered in fine silky, silvery hairs about 1 mm long. The flowers are produced terminally on the stems and are 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) cm across, buttercup-shaped, with five petals and 15–25 stamens; the petals are pale to bright yellow (orange to reddish in some western Chinese populations). The fruit is a cluster of achenes covered with long hairs. The species is variably dioecious or bisexual; flowering is typically from early to late summer. It is normally found growing in moisture-retentive soils in swamps and rocky areas. [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

The plant is usually only eaten by wildlife when other food sources are scarce, [12] but the leaves of the plant may be boiled to make a tisane called kuril tea. [4]

Taxonomy

Sources vary in the number of infraspecific taxa accepted. As of May 2022, the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) accepts two subspecies: [2]

As of May 2022, Plants of the World Online does not recognize Dasiphora fruticosa subsp. floribunda, but does recognize a variety distinct from Dasiphora fruticosa var. fruticosa: [19]

Numerous other varieties have been described from Asia, some of which have not yet been published under the genus Dasiphora, and others in that genus only as distinct species. These include Potentilla fruticosa var. albicans Rehd. & Wils., P. f. var. arbuscula (D.Don) Maxim. (syn. Dasiphora arbuscula (D.Don) Soják), P. f. var. dahurica (Nestl.) Ser. (syn. Dasiphora dahurica (Nestl.) Komarov), P. f. var. pumila J.D.Hooker, P. f. var. mandschurica (Maxim.) Wolf (syn. Dasiphora mandshurica (Maxim.) Juz.), and P. f. var. unifoliolata Ludlow (syn. Dasiphora unifoliolata (Ludlow) Soják). The varieties D. f. var. monticola Rydb. and D. f. var. tenuiloba Rydb. have been described from western North America, but are not widely accepted as distinct. [8] [11]

Cultivation and decorative uses

'Mckay's White' cultivar Dasiphora fruticosa 'Mckay's White' 03.jpg
'Mckay's White' cultivar

Shrubby cinquefoil is a popular ornamental plant in temperate regions. Different cultivars are variable with flowers ranging from white to yellow, orange and pink, but they are all hardy plants that produce flowers for much of the summer. The flowers are always small, flat, and round, but there are many dozens on each bush. It is very often used by cities and businesses for landscaping because of its hardiness and low maintenance. It was introduced into cultivation in the 18th century, but many of the modern cultivars, particularly those with orange or red flowers, derive from collections by Reginald Farrer in western China in the early 20th century. [11] The vast majority of sellers and gardeners still use the old name Potentilla fruticosa.

All the characteristics of small leaves, delicate flowers, and orange to brown flaky bark make the shrubby cinquefoil suitable for Bonsai. It is very popular in Japan and is gaining popularity in Europe. [21]

Cultivars

Below is a recommended selection of over 130 cultivars which have been named. Those marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [11] [22] [23]

'Hopley's Orange' Dasiphora fruticosa 'Hopleys Orange' 02.JPG
'Hopley's Orange'

Related Research Articles

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Geranium is a genus of 422 species of annual, biennial, and perennial plants that are commonly known as geraniums or cranesbills. They are found throughout the temperate regions of the world and the mountains of the tropics, with the greatest diversity in the eastern part of the Mediterranean region.

<i>Potentilla</i> Genus of flowering plants in the rose family Rosaceae

Potentilla is a genus containing over 500 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae.

<i>Osteospermum</i> Genus of plants

Osteospermum, is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Calenduleae, one of the smaller tribes of the sunflower/daisy family Asteraceae. They are known as the daisybushes or African daisies. Its species have been given several common names, including African daisy, South African daisy, Cape daisy and blue-eyed daisy.

<i>Pieris</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants in the heath family Ericaceae

Pieris is a genus of seven species of shrubs in the flowering plant family Ericaceae, native to mountain regions of eastern and southern Asia, eastern North America and Cuba. Known commonly in North America as andromedas or fetterbushes, they are broad-leaved evergreen shrubs growing to 1–6 metres tall and 3–10 ft (0.9–3.0 m) wide. The leaves are spirally arranged, often appearing to be in whorls at the end of each shoot with bare stretches of shoot below; they are lanceolate-ovate, 2–10 cm (0.8–3.9 in) long and 1.0–3.5 cm (0.4–1.4 in) broad, leathery textured, and with an entire or serrated margin. The young leaves in spring are typically brightly coloured. The flowers, which may have a very appealing honey scent, are bell-shaped, 5–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) long, white or pink, and arranged in racemes 5–12 cm (2.0–4.7 in) long. The fruit is a woody capsule which splits into five sections to release the numerous small seeds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hellebore</span> Genus of plants

Commonly known as hellebores, the Eurasian genus Helleborus consists of approximately 20 species of herbaceous or evergreen perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, within which it gave its name to the tribe of Helleboreae. Many hellebore species are poisonous.

<i>Lobularia maritima</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Hydrangea macrophylla</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea macrophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to Japan. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 m (7 ft) tall by 2.5 m (8 ft) broad with large heads of pink or blue flowers in summer and autumn. Common names include bigleaf hydrangea, French hydrangea, lacecap hydrangea, mophead hydrangea, and hortensia. It is widely cultivated in many parts of the world in many climates. It is not to be confused with H. aspera 'Macrophylla'.

<i>Wisteria floribunda</i> Species of legume

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<i>Dasiphora</i> Genus of flowering plants

Dasiphora is a genus of shrubs in the rose family Rosaceae, native to Asia, with one species D. fruticosa, ranging across the entire cool temperate Northern Hemisphere. In the past, the genus was normally included in Potentilla as Potentilla sect. Rhopalostylae, but genetic evidence has shown it to be distinct.

<i>Heuchera</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae

Heuchera is a genus of largely evergreen perennial plants in the family Saxifragaceae. All species are native to North America except for Heuchera sichotensis, native to the Russian Far East. Common names include alumroot and coral bells.

<i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> Species of plant

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<i>Dicentra formosa</i> Species of flowering plants in the poppy family Papaveraceae

Dicentra formosa is a species of flowering plant in the poppy family, Papaveraceae. With its fern-like foliage and inflorescence of drooping pink, purple, yellow or cream "hearts", this species is native to the United States' Pacific Northwest and West Coast of North America.

<i>Acer davidii</i> Species of maple

Acer davidii, or Père David's maple, is a species of maple in the snakebark maple group. It is native to China, from Jiangsu south to Fujian and Guangdong, and west to southeastern Gansu and Yunnan.

<i>Sambucus racemosa</i> Species of plant

Sambucus racemosa is a species of elderberry known by the common names red elderberry and red-berried elder.

<i>Sedum spathulifolium</i> Species of succulent

Sedum spathulifolium is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae known by the common names broadleaf stonecrop, yellow stonecrop, and spoon-leaved stonecrop. An evergreen perennial, it is native to western North America from British Columbia to southern California, where it can be found often in shade in many types of rocky habitat in coastal and inland hills and mountains.

<i>Acer palmatum</i> Species of maple

Acer palmatum, commonly known as Japanese maple, palmate maple, or smooth Japanese maple (Korean: danpungnamu, 단풍나무, Japanese: irohamomiji, イロハモミジ, or momiji,, is a species of woody plant native to Korea, Japan, China, eastern Mongolia, and southeast Russia. Many different cultivars of this maple have been selected and they are grown worldwide for their large variety of attractive forms, leaf shapes, and spectacular colors.

<i>Coronilla valentina</i> Species of legume

Coronilla valentina, the shrubby scorpion-vetch, scorpion vetch or bastard senna, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Coronilla of the legume family Fabaceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin, and introduced into Kenya and the United States. It is an evergreen shrub growing to 80 cm (31 in) tall and wide, with pea-like foliage and fragrant, brilliant yellow flowers in spring and summer, followed by slender pods. Linnaeus observed that the flowers, remarkably fragrant in the daytime, are almost scentless at night.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Garden marguerite</span>

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<i>Dasiphora fruticosa <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> veitchii</i> Variety of flowering plant

Dasiphora fruticosa var. veitchii is a flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to Sichuan and Yunnan in China. It was first described as the species Potentilla veitchii by Ernest Henry Wilson in 1911, after he had earlier introduced it into gardens in the United Kingdom. Its scientific name and status have varied, and remained "unresolved" according to the Royal Horticultural Society as of May 2022. In horticulture, it may also be found under the names Potentilla davurica var. veitchii and Potentilla fruticosa var. veitchii. It is cultivated as an ornamental flowering shrub.

References

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