| Ekmanianthe | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Bignoniaceae |
| Clade: | Crescentiina |
| Clade: | Tabebuia alliance |
| Genus: | Ekmanianthe Urban |
| Type species | |
| Ekmanianthe longiflora (Grisebach) Urban | |
| Species | |
Ekmanianthe is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae endemic to the Greater Antilles. It is most closely related to Tabebuia and has sometimes been included within it. [1] [2]
Both species of Ekmanianthe were originally described in 1866 by August Grisebach, who placed them in the genus Tecoma . [3] [4] In 1915, Nathaniel Lord Britton placed them in Tabebuia. [2] In 1924, Ignatz Urban, recognizing their distinctiveness, erected the new genus Ekmanianthe in the journal now known as Feddes Repertorium , which was at that time edited by Friedrich Karl Georg Fedde. [5] Ekmanianthe was named for the Swedish botanist Erik Leonard Ekman (1883-1931)."Anthe" is derived from a Greek word for "flower". [6]
It consists of two species of trees, [7] both of which are considered Endangered by the IUCN Red List: [8] [9]
The evolution of Ekmanianthe is in some ways parallel to that of the Asian tribe Oroxyleae. [11] The bat-pollinated Oroxylum has actinomorphic flowers with five fertile stamens. The hawkmoth-pollinated Nyctocalos has elongate flowers and most of the species have only four fertile stamens.
The following description is based on two sources. [11] [12]
Ekmanianthe actinophylla is chiropterophilous (bat-pollinated). E. longiflora has the long, narrow corolla tube that is typical of hawkmoth-pollinated flowers.
The basally curved fruit of Ekmanianthe is a distinguishing feature, clearly separating that genus from Tabebuia . The edge of the corolla is laciniate in a few moth-pollinated and a few bat-pollinated species of Tabebuia, but much less so than in Ekmanianthe. The lenticels of E. longiflora and the costae (ribs) on the fruit of E. actinophylla are more prominent than those of any species of Tabebuia. The corolla tube of E. longiflora is longer than that of any species of Tabebuia. E. actinophylla has 5 fertile stamens, a trait not seen in Tabebuia.
The wood of Ekmanianthe has been variously described as "soft" [11] or as "very hard, heavy, and strong". [13] Despite this, like many other Tecomeae species, it is rarely cultivated.
The Polygonaceae are a family of flowering plants known informally as the knotweed family or smartweed—buckwheat family in the United States. The name is based on the genus Polygonum, and was first used by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in 1789 in his book, Genera Plantarum. The name may refer to the many swollen nodes the stems of some species have, being derived from Greek [poly meaning 'many' and gony meaning 'knee' or 'joint']. Alternatively, it may have a different origin, meaning 'many seeds'.
Tabebuia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. Tabebuia consists almost entirely of trees, but a few are often large shrubs. A few species produce timber, but the genus is mostly known for those that are cultivated as flowering trees.
Uncaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 40 species. Their distribution is pantropical, with most species native to tropical Asia, three from Africa and the Mediterranean and two from the neotropics. They are known colloquially as gambier, cat's claw or uña de gato. The latter two names are shared with several other plants. The type species for the genus is Uncaria guianensis.
Bignoniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales commonly known as the bignonias or trumpet vines. It is not known to which of the other families in the order it is most closely related.
Mertensia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae. They are perennial herbaceous plants with blue or sometimes white flowers that open from pink-tinged buds. Such a change in flower color is common in Boraginaceae and is caused by an increase of pH in the flower tissue. Mertensia is one of several plants that are commonly called "bluebell". In spite of their common name, the flowers are usually salverform (trumpet-shaped) rather than campanulate (bell-shaped).
Clerodendrum is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is currently classified in the subfamily Ajugoideae, being one of several genera transferred from Verbenaceae to Lamiaceae in the 1990s, based on phylogenetic analysis of morphological and molecular data.
Raukaua is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araliaceae. It has an austral distribution, being indigenous to southern Argentina and Chile, as well as New Zealand and the island of Tasmania.
Guettarda is a plant genus in the family Rubiaceae. Most of these plants are known by the common name velvetseed.
Oxera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae native to Vanuatu and New Caledonia in the western Pacific.
Synapsis ilicifolia is a species of plant in the family Schlegeliaceae. It is endemic to the island of Cuba. It is the sole species in the genus Synapsis, which was described as a genus in 1866.
Tabebuia anafensis is a species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is endemic to Cuba. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Tabebuia arimaoensis is a species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is endemic to Cuba.
Tabebuia bibracteolata is a species of flowering plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is endemic to Cuba.
Tabebuia hypoleuca is a species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is endemic to Cuba.
Tabebuia jackiana is a species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is endemic to Cuba.
Tabebuia polymorpha is a species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is endemic to Cuba. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Tabebuia shaferi is a species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is endemic to Cuba. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Handroanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. It consists of 30 species of trees, known in Latin America by the common names poui, pau d'arco, or ipê. The latter sometimes appears as epay or simply ipe (unaccented) in English. The large timber species are sometimes called lapacho or guayacan, but these names are more properly applied to the species Handroanthus lapacho and Handroanthus guayacan, respectively.
Roseodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. It consists of two species, Roseodendron donnell-smithii and Roseodendron chryseum. The type species for the genus is R. donnell-smithii. Both species are cultivated as ornamentals for their numerous, large, yellow flowers.
Astianthus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Bignoniaceae family. The sole species is Astianthus viminalis. It is known by the common names achuchil in Mexico and chilca in Guatemala and Honduras.