Historic Core, Los Angeles

Last updated

Historic Core
LA Eastern Columbia Building.jpg
Los Angeles Downtown locator.PNG
Red pog.svg
Historic Core
Location within Downtown Los Angeles
Coordinates: 34°03′13″N118°14′43″W / 34.05349°N 118.245319°W / 34.05349; -118.245319
CountryFlag of the United States (23px).png  United States
StateFlag of California.svg  California
County Los Angeles County
CityFlag of Los Angeles, California.svg  Los Angeles
Named1990s
Zip code
90013
Streets 3rd Street, 4th Street, Broadway, Hill Street, Main Street, Olympic Boulevard, Spring Street

The Historic Core is a district within Downtown Los Angeles that includes the world's largest concentration of movie palaces,[ citation needed ] former large department stores, and office towers, all built chiefly between 1907 and 1931. Within it lie the Broadway Theater District and the Spring Street historic financial district, and in its west it overlaps with the Jewelry District and in its east with Skid Row.

Contents

The Historic Core falls into two business improvement districts, Historic Core (south of 4th St.) and Downtown LA (from 2nd to 4th Street). The total Historic Core is thus composed of: [1] [2] [3]

Please consult the articles about the individual streets and historic districts above for a full discussion of the architectural landmarks in the district.

History

The Historic Core was the central business district of the city from the first decade of the 1900s through the 1950s. Before 1900 the business center was further north, between the Plaza and about Third Street. [4] [5] Starting in the 1950s what is now the Historic Core started to decline. Upscale shopping had moved west to the Seventh & Hope area starting in the 1920s, and to Mid-Wilshire by the 1930s. When consumers lived and worked near the prolific streetcar lines, it was relatively easy for them to reach downtown, the hub of both the Los Angeles Railway and Pacific Electric systems. Now, an ever increasing number of consumers had cars, lived further away from downtown, and due to the proliferation of suburban retail, were able to shop, dine, and go to the movies there without worries about downtown parking and traffic congestion. In addition, after World War II, financial institutions moved several blocks to the west, ending up on Figueroa Street, Flower Street, and Grand Avenue. In the 1950s the Historic Core became the center of Latino retail and entertainment in the city, e.g.: the Million Dollar Theatre featured the biggest names in the Spanish language entertainment world. This paralleled the general white flight occurring in Central Los Angeles at the time, which saw Broadway become a major center for Latino life in the city.

Although prostitution and drug dealing had occurred in the area as far back as the early 1920s, they became epidemic in the 1960s. The area's movie palaces, built between 1911 and 1931, became grindhouses. The last of them closed in the 1990s; the Orpheum Theatre recently underwent a complete restoration at a cost of several million dollars, and is now used for major movie premieres (such as "Collateral" in 2005), celebrity events (Michael Jackson's birthday party), comedy shows (Bill Burr), fashion shows, concerts (Opeth), and plays. Most of the older buildings have stores that cater to the Latino immigrant working class.

The developing street gang problem in Los Angeles which began to worsen at the end of the 1960s and got considerably worse in the late 1970s, also hurt traditional commercial activity in the area, as it did much of downtown. While the LAPD indicates that the area is a sort of neutral zone, which has not been claimed by any single gang and random gang violence is rare, the area remains one of the major areas for street drug sales in Los Angeles.

Redevelopment

In 1999, the Los Angeles City Council passed an Adaptive Re-Use Ordinance, allowing for the conversion of old, unused office buildings to apartments or "lofts." Developer Tom Gilmore purchased a series of century-old buildings and converted them into lofts near Main and Spring streets, a development now known as the "Old Bank District." Other notable redevelopment projects in the Historic Core have included the Eastern Columbia Building, Broadway Trade Center, Higgins Building, The Security Building, the Pacific Electric Building, The Judson, and the Subway Terminal Building. As of 2005, redevelopment projects in downtown Los Angeles have been divided about evenly between rentals and condominiums; though projects near the Staples Center arena in the South Park neighborhood have been overwhelmingly dedicated to condominiums.

Map of landmarks

Landmarks are shown on the following street grid of the Historic Core of Downtown Los Angeles.

For the area north of Third Street, see Victorian Downtown Los Angeles
For the area to the west of Hill Street, see Financial District, Los Angeles
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 250 333 W. 3rd
Conservative
Life B.
aka Western & Mutual Life B.
1901-?d HT&W [9] [10] [11]
now 🅿️

 259 
1895– SH Irvine Byrne B.
1899–1911I. Magnin/ Myer Siegel
2007– Pan American Lofts

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 257 
1899 RBDouglas B.
So. Pac. RR ticket office
now Douglas Lofts

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 256 
Stimson B.18931963 CHB
now 🅿️

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THIRD ST.THIRD ST.THIRD ST.THIRD (orig. MAYO) ST.

 300 
F. P. Fay Bldg 190490d D&F [12] [13]
now 🅿️ garage

 301313 
18951917d Muskegon Block
1918 WLW/ACM Chur
Million Dollar Th.

 300–310 
Bradbury B.
1893 SH/GW

Wilson Court
former alley

 312-6 
Gilbert Block c.1900–c.60
Central Th. 1929–c.57 [14]
now Guadalupe wedding chapel

 301–311  Washington B.
1912 P&B [15]

 300–4 
J. B. Lankershim [16] Bldg a.k.a.
National Title [17] Bldg
1897–1959d RBY [18]

 301–9 
Schwartz Block 1888-d [19]
Hotel Jackson 1890s
Citizens Nat'l Bank/
Cotton Exch Bldg
1906-?d
[20] [16] [17] HA

now Reagan State Bldg 1990

 300–4 
Thom  Block d [21]
Milan H.
Blakesley H.

Lewis drugstore [22]

now 🅿️ [23]

126–30 E. 3rd
Empire/ Unique Th.
1905 RBY

now 🅿️

Toy District
Angels Flight
 312-322  315–325 

1897 JPHomer Laughlin B.
ds 1898–1905Coulter's
ds 1905–17Ville de Paris
1917– Grand Central Market

 318-22 
Blackstone B.1906–pres RBY
Blackstone DS 1906-17
The Fair
Cozy Theater 1930s-50s [24]
 324-6  Shannon B.
 328-30  Boos Bros Cafeteria
 332-4  So. Cal. Music
 336-8  Gray B.1950s: Central Stationery & Printing Co.

 337-41 
Salisbury Block
 343-7 
Hogan B.

 308–314  311–317 

Round House
a.k.a. Garden of Paradise
1850s–1889

[16] [17] c.1890–?
311–3 Pinney Bldg
[25] 315–7 Pridham Block
319–25 Turnverein Hall
(Turnhalle)/
New Star Vaudeville Th.
335–9 Belasco Th.

 312–324 
Panorama B.
1880s-1984

Rotunda (rear)
18871907:

Siege of Paris
panorama/ [26]
stables/icerink
1907–52:
Adolphus/ Hippodrome Theatre
[27]

now 🅿️

 357–361 
1913–d
Black B. [28]
now LAMetroLogo.svg Pershing Sq. LACMTA Circle B Line.svg   LACMTA Circle D Line.svg  

 331–335 
ds 1900–35 Jacoby Bros.

 355–363 
1898/1902 JPGrant Bldg
jewelers Montgomery Bros.
shoesW. E. Cummings

 340  Trustee B. 1905 PB

 350 O. T. Johnson Block1895 It RBY

 356 O. T. Johnson Bldg
1902 JB Rom

 361 
Citizen M hotel 2021–

 354 
Hellman Bldg
1903
now HWH 🏠

103 W 4th
[29] 1897 M&W
Hotel Van Nuys
now Hotel Barclay🏠

 332–346 
Hotel Westminster
18881960d RBY
now Medallion Apts🏠

 335–399 
Germaine
[30] Bldg d

[22] Edison H.now retail, 🅿️

FOURTH ST.FOURTH ST.FOURTH ST.FOURTH ST.

 400–412 
Hotel Clarendon/
Hotel Sherman
1895–1939

now 🅿️ lot


 414–434 
Wilson Bldg/
Occidental Hotel/
Clark Hotel
?–1913

 401–5 
J. A.
Williams
Dry
Goods/
Broadway
Department
Store
Building
1895–
1914d

1915: 401–23 B'way, 414–34 Hill were joined as the:
Broadway Dept Store Bldg1915 P&B
1999 renamedJunípero Serra B. #2

The Broadway Department Store1896–1973
State of California offices 1999–present

 400 
Mason B. c.1897–d [31]
Perla on Broadway🏠2020

Angelus Hotel 190156d JP [32]
now 🅿️

 400 
Continental
Bldg
1902 JP/GB BA a.k.a. Braly Block
now Continental Lofts

 410 
Hellman Bldg
1903 AR BA
now Hellman Lofts 🏠

 400 
San
Fernando
B.

1906 IRR

Toy District



 417 
Subway
Terminal
B.

1925–55 Pacific
Electric

now res
Metro 417

 436–8 
Boos Bros. Cafeteria

St. Clarenden H.

 443–7
?–1911 Brockton Shoes
ds 191122 Myer Siegel
ds 1922-c.1927 Bon Marché
5&10¢ 1927mid-90s: 
J. J. Newberry's

Fallas Paredes
ds 1996-2022

 424 
Judson C. Rive B.1907

 433
Title Insurance & Trust Co B. 1928
UCLA Extension

 416 
Stowell/ El Dorado Hotel 1913
El Dorado Lofts

Dog Park

(411 W. 5th)
1929-30 P&P AD
Title
Guarantee
B.
now 🏠

(515 W. 5th)
 451–459 
1913 JP/GEB RR 
Metropolitan B.
191434 Owl Drugs
191326 Public Library
Foreman
& Clark

ds c.191528

191628 Janss land dev.
Fallas Paredes
ds 1996-2022

Now small/vacant retail,
Downtown Metro Lofts

Chester Williams B.1926

 453 
Spring Arts TowerP&B
Citizens Nat'l Bank 1915–63
Crocker Bank 1963–70s
Pacific Stock Exchange 1970s
Now art studios, The Last Bookstore

 460 
Rowan B.1912
The Rowan 🏠

 451 
1914 P&B BA
Hotel
Rosslyn

now Rosslyn Lofts

121 E. 5th
King
Edward
Hotel

1906 P&B

now 🏠.

FIFTH ST.FIFTH ST.FIFTH ST.FIFTH ST.
PERSHING
SQUARE

LAMetroLogo.svg Pershing Square
LACMTA Circle B Line.svg   LACMTA Circle D Line.svg  

Fifth Street Store ds

 518 Roxie Th.

 528 Cameo Th.

 534 Arcade Th.

now retail

 501 
Hotel Alexandria1906

 510 
Security Bldg 1907 PB
Security T&SB
now Security Bldg Lofts

 514 
Hotel
Rosslyn
Annex

 500–2 
Charnock
Block
1889 Vic/SE
Pershing Hotel
now New
Pershing
Apts

 501 
Baltimore
Hotel 1910

now 🏠

 538546     Spring Arcade     537543  
(a.k.a. Broadway Arcade)


543
Desmond's
ds 1915–24

 514 
Security T&SB 1916 JP BA
now L.A. Theater Center

 545 
🅿️

 550 
Topaz Apts 2018

 550  
Paramount Th.
International
Jewelry Ctr

 555–61  
ds Swelldom

 556–558  
ds Silverwoods
(1904–74)
now Broadway Jewelry Mart

(215 W. Spring)
 561 
1910 JP/GEB Trust & Savings Bank Bldg
1910 L.A. T&SB
1922 Pacific SW T&SB

now Randolph Lofts

 548 
Marley Lofts

 560 
Santa Fe B.1908 M&W BA
now Santa Fe Lofts

SIXTH ST.SIXTH ST.SIXTH ST.SIXTH ST.

Consolidated
Realty
B.
1908/35
now California Jewelry Mart

Sun Realty B. 1931
L.A. Jewelry
Center

 635 
Harris &
Frank B.
1925
Harris &
Frank
192550

now Wholesale
Jewelry
Exchange


 606  
Western
Jewelry
Mart

 608 
William Fox B. 1932
Fox
Jewelry
Plaza

 601-605 
1907 P&B H. Jevne Co B.
grocer 1907–20 H. Jevne
1921–31 [33]  Bedell Dept Store
1936–8 Jacoby's
1940–? Zukor's [34]
now Three One Four apts

 615 
Los Angeles Th.

 600–610  
Walter P. Story B.1909 MW&C BA
Mullen & Bluett ds

 616 
Desmond's ds

 620  
Schaber's cafeteria

 630  Palace Th.1911 GAL RR

 644  
Joseph E Carr B.1909 HH
W & J. Sloane 1909–1935
Brooks Clothing Co 1935–47
Harris & Frank 194780

 648 
Boos Bros. Cafeteria1916
Clifton's Cafeteria 1935–

 601  
Hotel Hayward

 621  
E. F. Hutton1931

 625  
California Canadian Bank1923

 639  
Barclays Bank1919

 600 
United California Bank B.1961 CB
U.C.B. HQ 1961–73
now Thurman Lofts

 618 
Stock Exchange B. 1931 P&P CM
L. A. Stock Exchange
Pacific Stock Exch.
now ExchangeLA nightclub

 626 
Mortgage Guaranty B. 1913
City Lofts

 632–4 
Banks & Huntley B. 1930 P&P AD

 610 
Pacific
Electric
B.
1905
Pacific
Electric
Lofts

 640 
Hotel Cecil
1924–pres LLS [35]

 651–7 
410 W. 7th
1920 BMP BA

Pantages/ Warner Bros Th
nowJewelry
Theater Center

 640–50  639–59 

Bullock's ds 1907 P&B
now St. Vincent Jewelry Ctr

 656–666  (219 W 7th)
Haas B. 1915 MW&M BA
now 🏠,hotel,retail

215 W. 7th 651–3 
Bartlett Bldg
1911 P&B
Union Oil HQ
1911–23
2002–pres 🏠

now Jaide Lofts

SEVENTH ST.SEVENTH ST.SEVENTH ST.SEVENTH ST.

 701 
Foreman
& Clark B.

1928 C&B AD/NG
Foreman
& Clark
ds

 703 State Th.

 700 
Hotel Lankershim190580s d
now 🅿️ w/1st floor retail

 720 
Z. L. Parmelee B.1907
Parmelee Co. gas/electric fixtures

 722 
Sassony B.1909Barker Bros.furniture 19091936 at 724-732
728–734 is now 🅿️ w/1st floor retail

 740  
Garland B.1913 MW&M NC
Globe Th.orig. Morosco Th.

 701  
Van
Nuys
Bldg

M&W 1911 RR
now
Van
Nuys
Apts

 700–4  
140 W. 7th
Financial
Center
Bldg

N&W 1924 BA [36]

 700  
Dearden's
ds 1909-2017

[37]  757–61  
401–15 W. 8th
[38] Title Insurance & Trust Co
?–1928
Garfield Bldg
1930–pres

Union Bank
& Trust Co.
B.
1922 C&B

nowUnion Lofts

 756  
Chapman B.1912 EM BA HCM #899
orig. L.A. Investment Co B.
now Chapman Flats

 755  
Griffin on Spring 🏠 24 fl. 2018

 756  Great
Republic
Life B.
1927 W&E BA
Gr. Rep. Life
now Gr. Rep. Lofts

EIGHTH ST.EIGHTH ST.EIGHTH ST.EIGHTH ST.

 825 
1922–63RKO
Hillstreet
Th.

now 820 Olive / 825 S. Hill 🏠

 830  801 

May Company B.
Hamburger's ds 1908–1923
May Company ds 1923–1986
Broadway Trade Center –2015
retail, garment manufacturing

planned retail, offices, hotel [39]

 802 Tower Th.
  1927 BR

 812 Rialto Th.
  1917 AD/CR

 842 Orpheum Th.
 (1926 BA)

200 W. 8th
1923Lane Mortgage B.
nowThe Craftsman

 810 
National
City
Tower

1924 AW/PE [40] [41]

 810 
California
Th.
1918–90 BA

 824 
Gray B.

 855 
Coast Fed.
Savings
B.

1926 JM

 850 
The Alexan
planned 26 fl. 🏠

 849 
Eastern Columbia B.1930 CB AD
1930–57 Eastern Col. DS
2006–pres Eastern Col. Lofts

 833 
City Club B.
1925 LLS [42]

 851 
Harris
Newmark
B.

1926 C&B RR

 860 
Cooper B.1926 C&B
Cooper Design Space

NINTH ST.NINTH ST.NINTH ST.
small retail

 912 
May Co Garage B.1926

 939 
South
Park

🏠

 901 
Blackstone's ds 1907–1917

1927 W&E/CHC SG 929 
Cal. Petroleum/Texaco B.
2014–24 Ace Hotel
now STILE hotel
192789United Artists Th.
1989 Gene Scott's church
2014–24 Th. at Ace Hotel
now United Th.

 910 
Gerry
B.
1947 SM

OLYMPIC BL.(formerly TENTH ST.)OLYMPIC BL.

 1000 53 fl 🏠
Olympic & Hill

 1026  S. Broadway Broadway Palace Apts2017 S. Hill  1001–51 

 1038 1927 SOC
Mayan Th.

 1023 1925 W&E BA
Western Pacific B.

 1061 
White Log
bar/rest. 1932 Nov [43]

 1050 
1926 MWC Chur
Belasco Th.

 1060 
L. A. Railway HQ 1925
nowHoxton Hotel

ELEVENTH ST.ELEVENTH ST.ELEVENTH ST.

 1111 
Sky Trees
Tower

planned
43-fl. 🏠 [44]

(146 W. 11th St.) 1101 
1914Herald Examiner B.
newspaper 1914–89Herald Examiner

 1100 
Commercial Club (Chamber of Commerce social club) 1926 C&B RR
now Proper Hotel

 1101 
110 W. 11th
Harris B.1923 BA

See also

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Paramount Theatre, formerly Metropolitan Theater or Grauman's Metropolitan Theater, also known as Paramount Downtown, was a movie palace and office building located at 323 W. 6th Street and 536 S. Hill Street, across the street from Pershing Square, in the historic core of downtown Los Angeles. It was the largest movie theater in Los Angeles for many years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spring Street (Los Angeles)</span> Historic district in Downtown Los Angeles

Spring Street in Los Angeles is one of the oldest streets in the city. Along Spring Street in Downtown Los Angeles, from just north of Fourth Street to just south of Seventh Street is the NRHP-listed Spring Street Financial District, nicknamed Wall Street of the West, lined with Beaux Arts buildings and currently experiencing gentrification. This section forms part of the Historic Core district of Downtown, together with portions of Hill, Broadway, Main and Los Angeles streets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">El Pueblo de Los Ángeles Historical Monument</span> United States historic place

El Pueblo de Los Ángeles Historical Monument, also known as Los Angeles Plaza Historic District and formerly known as El Pueblo de Los Ángeles State Historic Park, is a historic district taking in the oldest section of Los Angeles, known for many years as El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles del Río de Porciúncula. The district, centered on the old plaza, was the city's center under Spanish (1781–1821), Mexican (1821–1847), and United States rule through most of the 19th century. The 44-acre park area was designated a state historic monument in 1953 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Main Street is a major north–south thoroughfare in Los Angeles, California. It serves as the east–west postal divider for the city and the county as well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tower Theatre (Los Angeles)</span> United States historic place

The Tower Theatre is a historic movie theater that opened in 1927 in the Broadway Theater District of Downtown Los Angeles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Walker & Eisen</span>

Walker & Eisen (1919−1941) was an architectural partnership of architects Albert R. Walker and Percy A. Eisen in Los Angeles, California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victorian Downtown Los Angeles</span> Historical neighborhood in California, US

The late-Victorian-era Downtown of Los Angeles in 1880 was centered at the southern end of the Los Angeles Plaza area, and over the next two decades, it extended south and west along Main Street, Spring Street, and Broadway towards Third Street. Most of the 19th-century buildings no longer exist, surviving only in the Plaza area or south of Second Street. The rest were demolished to make way for the Civic Center district with City Hall, numerous courthouses, and other municipal, county, state and federal buildings, and Times Mirror Square. This article covers that area, between the Plaza, 3rd St., Los Angeles St., and Broadway, during the period 1880 through the period of demolition (1920s–1950s).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">7th Street (Los Angeles)</span> Department stores list in Los Angeles

7th Street is a street in Los Angeles, California running from S. Norton Ave in Mid-Wilshire through Downtown Los Angeles. It goes all the way to the eastern city limits at Indiana Ave., and the border between Boyle Heights, Los Angeles and East Los Angeles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victor Clothing</span> Clothing store

Victor Clothing Company was a retail clothing store at 242 S. Broadway, Downtown Los Angeles. Originally from 1926–1964 it was located at the Crocker Building #212–6 S. Broadway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of retail in Southern California</span> Department stores list in Los Angeles

Retail in Southern California dates back to its first dry goods store that Jonathan Temple opened in 1827 on Calle Principal, when Los Angeles was still a Mexican village. After the American conquest, as the pueblo grew into a small town surpassing 4,000 population in 1860, dry goods stores continued to open, including the forerunners of what would be local chains. Larger retailers moved progressively further south to the 1880s-1890s Central Business District, which was later razed to become the Civic Center. Starting in the mid-1890s, major stores moved ever southward, first onto Broadway around 3rd, then starting in 1905 to Broadway between 4th and 9th, then starting in 1915 westward onto West Seventh Street up to Figueroa. For half a century Broadway and Seventh streets together formed one of America's largest and busiest downtown shopping districts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frederick Rice Dorn</span> American architect based in Los Angeles

Frederick Rice Dorn was an American architect based in Los Angeles, California. He was involved in numerous commercial and residential projects in the city during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

References

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Historic Core Business Improvement District

34°03′13″N118°14′43″W / 34.05349°N 118.245319°W / 34.05349; -118.245319