Hypercubic honeycomb

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Square tiling uniform coloring 1.svg
A regular square tiling.
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1 color
Partial cubic honeycomb.png
A cubic honeycomb in its regular form.
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1 color
Square tiling uniform coloring 7.png
A checkboard square tiling
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2 colors
Bicolor cubic honeycomb.png
A cubic honeycomb checkerboard.
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2 colors
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Expanded square tiling
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3 colors
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Expanded cubic honeycomb
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4 colors
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4 colors
Cubic 8-color honeycomb.png
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8 colors

In geometry, a hypercubic honeycomb is a family of regular honeycombs (tessellations) in n-dimensional spaces with the Schläfli symbols {4,3...3,4} and containing the symmetry of Coxeter group Rn (or B~n–1) for n ≥ 3.

Contents

The tessellation is constructed from 4 n-hypercubes per ridge. The vertex figure is a cross-polytope {3...3,4}.

The hypercubic honeycombs are self-dual.

Coxeter named this family as δn+1 for an n-dimensional honeycomb.

Wythoff construction classes by dimension

A Wythoff construction is a method for constructing a uniform polyhedron or plane tiling.

The two general forms of the hypercube honeycombs are the regular form with identical hypercubic facets and one semiregular, with alternating hypercube facets, like a checkerboard.

A third form is generated by an expansion operation applied to the regular form, creating facets in place of all lower-dimensional elements. For example, an expanded cubic honeycomb has cubic cells centered on the original cubes, on the original faces, on the original edges, on the original vertices, creating 4 colors of cells around in vertex in 1:3:3:1 counts.

The orthotopic honeycombs are a family topologically equivalent to the cubic honeycombs but with lower symmetry, in which each of the three axial directions may have different edge lengths. The facets are hyperrectangles, also called orthotopes; in 2 and 3 dimensions the orthotopes are rectangles and cuboids respectively.

δnName Schläfli symbols Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams
Orthotopic
{∞}(n)
(2m
colors, m < n)
Regular
(Expanded)
{4,3n–1,4}
(1 color, n colors)
Checkerboard
{4,3n–4,31,1}
(2 colors)
δ2 Apeirogon {∞} CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png  
δ3 Square tiling {∞}(2)
{4,4}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
δ4 Cubic honeycomb {∞}(3)
{4,3,4}
{4,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ5 4-cube honeycomb {∞}(4)
{4,32,4}
{4,3,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ6 5-cube honeycomb {∞}(5)
{4,33,4}
{4,32,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ7 6-cube honeycomb {∞}(6)
{4,34,4}
{4,33,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ8 7-cube honeycomb {∞}(7)
{4,35,4}
{4,34,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ9 8-cube honeycomb {∞}(8)
{4,36,4}
{4,35,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δnn-hypercubic honeycomb{∞}(n)
{4,3n-3,4}
{4,3n-4,31,1}
...

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schläfli symbol</span> Notation that defines regular polytopes and tessellations

In geometry, the Schläfli symbol is a notation of the form that defines regular polytopes and tessellations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vertex figure</span> Shape made by slicing off a corner of a polytope

In geometry, a vertex figure, broadly speaking, is the figure exposed when a corner of a general n-polytope is sliced off.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cubic honeycomb</span> Only regular space-filling tessellation of the cube

The cubic honeycomb or cubic cellulation is the only proper regular space-filling tessellation in Euclidean 3-space made up of cubic cells. It has 4 cubes around every edge, and 8 cubes around each vertex. Its vertex figure is a regular octahedron. It is a self-dual tessellation with Schläfli symbol {4,3,4}. John Horton Conway called this honeycomb a cubille.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tetrahedral-octahedral honeycomb</span> Quasiregular space-filling tesselation

The tetrahedral-octahedral honeycomb, alternated cubic honeycomb is a quasiregular space-filling tessellation in Euclidean 3-space. It is composed of alternating regular octahedra and tetrahedra in a ratio of 1:2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quarter cubic honeycomb</span>

The quarter cubic honeycomb, quarter cubic cellulation or bitruncated alternated cubic honeycomb is a space-filling tessellation in Euclidean 3-space. It is composed of tetrahedra and truncated tetrahedra in a ratio of 1:1. It is called "quarter-cubic" because its symmetry unit – the minimal block from which the pattern is developed by reflections – is four times that of the cubic honeycomb.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tesseractic honeycomb</span>

In four-dimensional euclidean geometry, the tesseractic honeycomb is one of the three regular space-filling tessellations, represented by Schläfli symbol {4,3,3,4}, and consisting of a packing of tesseracts (4-hypercubes).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">16-cell honeycomb</span>

In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the 16-cell honeycomb is one of the three regular space-filling tessellations, represented by Schläfli symbol {3,3,4,3}, and constructed by a 4-dimensional packing of 16-cell facets, three around every face.

The 5-demicube honeycomb is a uniform space-filling tessellation in Euclidean 5-space. It is constructed as an alternation of the regular 5-cube honeycomb.

The 7-demicubic honeycomb, or demihepteractic honeycomb is a uniform space-filling tessellation in Euclidean 7-space. It is constructed as an alternation of the regular 7-cubic honeycomb.

The 8-demicubic honeycomb, or demiocteractic honeycomb is a uniform space-filling tessellation in Euclidean 8-space. It is constructed as an alternation of the regular 8-cubic honeycomb.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alternated hypercubic honeycomb</span>

In geometry, the alternated hypercube honeycomb is a dimensional infinite series of honeycombs, based on the hypercube honeycomb with an alternation operation. It is given a Schläfli symbol h{4,3...3,4} representing the regular form with half the vertices removed and containing the symmetry of Coxeter group for n ≥ 4. A lower symmetry form can be created by removing another mirror on an order-4 peak.

In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the 4-simplex honeycomb, 5-cell honeycomb or pentachoric-dispentachoric honeycomb is a space-filling tessellation honeycomb. It is composed of 5-cells and rectified 5-cells facets in a ratio of 1:1.

In geometry an omnitruncated simplicial honeycomb or omnitruncated n-simplex honeycomb is an n-dimensional uniform tessellation, based on the symmetry of the affine Coxeter group. Each is composed of omnitruncated simplex facets. The vertex figure for each is an irregular n-simplex.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Simplicial honeycomb</span> Tiling of n-dimensional space

In geometry, the simplicial honeycomb is a dimensional infinite series of honeycombs, based on the affine Coxeter group symmetry. It is represented by a Coxeter-Dynkin diagram as a cyclic graph of n + 1 nodes with one node ringed. It is composed of n-simplex facets, along with all rectified n-simplices. It can be thought of as an n-dimensional hypercubic honeycomb that has been subdivided along all hyperplanes , then stretched along its main diagonal until the simplices on the ends of the hypercubes become regular. The vertex figure of an n-simplex honeycomb is an expanded n-simplex.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb</span>

In the field of hyperbolic geometry, the order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb arises as one of 11 regular paracompact honeycombs in 3-dimensional hyperbolic space. It is paracompact because it has cells composed of an infinite number of faces. Each cell is a hexagonal tiling whose vertices lie on a horosphere: a flat plane in hyperbolic space that approaches a single ideal point at infinity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Order-6 cubic honeycomb</span>

The order-6 cubic honeycomb is a paracompact regular space-filling tessellation in hyperbolic 3-space. It is paracompact because it has vertex figures composed of an infinite number of facets, with all vertices as ideal points at infinity. With Schläfli symbol {4,3,6}, the honeycomb has six ideal cubes meeting along each edge. Its vertex figure is an infinite triangular tiling. Its dual is the order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Square tiling honeycomb</span>

In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the square tiling honeycomb is one of 11 paracompact regular honeycombs. It is called paracompact because it has infinite cells, whose vertices exist on horospheres and converge to a single ideal point at infinity. Given by Schläfli symbol {4,4,3}, it has three square tilings, {4,4}, around each edge, and six square tilings around each vertex, in a cubic {4,3} vertex figure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quarter hypercubic honeycomb</span>

In geometry, the quarter hypercubic honeycomb is a dimensional infinite series of honeycombs, based on the hypercube honeycomb. It is given a Schläfli symbol q{4,3...3,4} or Coxeter symbol qδ4 representing the regular form with three quarters of the vertices removed and containing the symmetry of Coxeter group for n ≥ 5, with = and for quarter n-cubic honeycombs = .

In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the rectified tesseractic honeycomb is a uniform space-filling tessellation in Euclidean 4-space. It is constructed by a rectification of a tesseractic honeycomb which creates new vertices on the middle of all the original edges, rectifying the cells into rectified tesseracts, and adding new 16-cell facets at the original vertices. Its vertex figure is an octahedral prism, {3,4}×{}.

References

Space Family / /
E2 Uniform tiling 0[3] δ3 hδ3 qδ3 Hexagonal
E3 Uniform convex honeycomb 0[4] δ4 hδ4 qδ4
E4 Uniform 4-honeycomb 0[5] δ5 hδ5 qδ5 24-cell honeycomb
E5 Uniform 5-honeycomb 0[6] δ6 hδ6 qδ6
E6 Uniform 6-honeycomb 0[7] δ7 hδ7 qδ7 222
E7 Uniform 7-honeycomb 0[8] δ8 hδ8 qδ8 133331
E8 Uniform 8-honeycomb 0[9] δ9 hδ9 qδ9 152251521
E9 Uniform 9-honeycomb 0[10]δ10hδ10qδ10
E10Uniform 10-honeycomb0[11]δ11hδ11qδ11
En-1Uniform (n-1)-honeycomb 0[n] δn hδn qδn 1k22k1k21