Hyporhamphus

Hyporhamphus Temporal range: Oligocene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
American halfbeak (H. meeki)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Beloniformes
Family:	Hemiramphidae
Genus:	Hyporhamphus T. N. Gill, 1859
Type species
Hyporhamphus tricuspidatus T.N. Gill, 1859 [1]
Synonyms [2]
Eulepidorhamphus Fowler, 1919 Ichthyacus Fernández-Yépez, 1948 Odontorhamphus Weed, 1933 Reporhamphus Whitley, 1931

Hyporhamphus is a genus of halfbeaks. The species in this genus are distributed throughout the warmer seas of the world, most species being Indo-Pacific and there are some freshwater species. ^[3]

Species

There are currently 37 recognized species in this genus: ^[4]

• Hyporhamphus acutus (Günther, 1872)
  • Hyporhamphus acutus acutus (Günther, 1872) (Pacific halfbeak)
  • Hyporhamphus acutus pacificus (Steindachner, 1900) (Acute halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus affinis (Günther, 1866) (Tropical halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus australis (Steindachner, 1866) (Eastern sea garfish)
• Hyporhamphus balinensis (Bleeker, 1858) (Balinese garfish)
• Hyporhamphus brederi (Fernández-Yépez, 1948)
• Hyporhamphus capensis (Thominot, 1886) (Cape halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus collettei Banford, 2010
• Hyporhamphus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1847) (Dussumier's halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus erythrorinchus (Lesueur, 1821)
• Hyporhamphus gamberur (Rüppell, 1837) (Red Sea halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus gernaerti (Valenciennes, 1847)
• Hyporhamphus gilli Meek & Hildebrand, 1923 (Choelo halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus ihi Phillipps, 1932 (New Zealand piper)
• Hyporhamphus improvisus (J. L. B. Smith, 1933) (Shortfin halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus intermedius (Cantor, 1842) (Asian pencil halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus limbatus (Valenciennes, 1847) (Congaturi halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus meeki Banford & Collette, 1993 (American halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus melanochir (Valenciennes, 1847) (Southern sea garfish)
• Hyporhamphus melanopterus Collette & Parin, 1978
• Hyporhamphus mexicanus Álvarez, 1959 (Mexican halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus naos Banford & Collette, 2001 (Pacific silverstripe halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus neglectissimus Parin, Collette & Shcherbachev, 1980 (Black-tipped garfish)
• Hyporhamphus neglectus (Bleeker, 1866)
• Hyporhamphus paucirastris Collette & Parin, 1978
• Hyporhamphus picarti (Valenciennes, 1847) (African halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus quoyi (Valenciennes, 1847) (Quoy's garfish)
• Hyporhamphus regularis (Günther, 1866)
  • Hyporhamphus regularis ardelio (Whitley, 1931) (Eastern river garfish)
  • Hyporhamphus regularis regularis (Günther, 1866) (Western river garfish)
• Hyporhamphus roberti (Valenciennes, 1847)
  • Hyporhamphus roberti hildebrandi D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1927 (Central American halfbeak)
  • Hyporhamphus roberti roberti (Valenciennes, 1847) (Slender halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus rosae (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1880) (California halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus sajori (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (Japanese halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus sindensis (Regan, 1905) (Sind halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus snyderi Meek & Hildebrand, 1923 (Skipper halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus taiwanensis Collette & J. X. Su, 1986
• Hyporhamphus unicuspis Collette & Parin, 1978 (Simpletooth halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, 1841) (Common halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus xanthopterus (Valenciennes, 1847) (Red-tipped halfbeak)
• Hyporhamphus yuri Collette & Parin, 1978

Two fossil species are also known: ^[5]

• † Hyporhamphus jerzyi (Jerzmanska, 1985) - Oligocene of Poland & Ukraine (Menilitic Formation) and France (Rhine Graben) (=Hemirhamphus georgiiJerzmanska, 1968)
• † Hyporhamphus tatjanchenkoi Bannikov, Carnevale & Kotylar, 2016 - Middle Miocene of the North Caucasus, Russia.

H. tatjachenkoi appears to be related to the modern Hyporamphus affinis and Hyporhamphus gamberur . ^[5]

References

1. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Hyporhamphus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 20 August 2019.
2. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Hemiramphidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 19 August 2019.
3. Bruce B. Collette (2004). Family Hemiramphidae Gill 1859 halfbeaks. Vol. 22. California Academy of Sciences. ISSN   1545-150X.{{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
4. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Hyporhamphus". FishBase . August 2012 version.
5. Bannikov, A. F.; Carnevale, G.; Kotlyar, A. N. (2016-11-01). "A new halfbeak species (Beloniformes, Hemiramphidae) from the Lower Sarmatian of the Krasnodar Region" . Paleontological Journal. 50 (6): 616–622. doi:10.1134/S0031030116060034. ISSN   1555-6174.