 | This article may rely excessively on sources too closely associated with the subject , potentially preventing the article from being verifiable and neutral.(June 2022) |
| Law enforcement in New York |
|---|
| Law enforcement in |
| Officers |
| Types of agencies |
| Law |
| New York State Criminal Procedure Law |
Law enforcement in New York City is carried out by numerous federal, state, city and private agencies. New York City has the highest concentration of law enforcement in the United States.
The Government of New York State operates one of the highest numbers of law enforcement agencies in the United States. While their jurisdiction stretches throughout New York City, many functions are duplicated by municipal agencies.
These agencies work in both New York State and New Jersey and have jurisdiction in both states.
| Patch | Force | Parent department | Duties | Titled as | Amount of Personnel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police Department (PAPD) | Port Authority of New York and New Jersey | General law enforcement concerning PA areas | Police Officer | Approx. 2200+ |
 | Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor Police (WCPD) | Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor (part of Port of New York and New Jersey) | General law enforcement concerning Harbour/Waterfront Areas | Peace Officers | Approx. 70 |
Members of New York city law enforcement agencies receive their powers and authority from New York State Criminal Procedure Law as listed:
Designation as a special patrolman is unique to New York City, and is granted by the Commissioner of the NYPD under section 14-106 of the New York City Administrative Code in conjunction with the New York State Criminal Procedure Law Article 2 Section 2.10 Sub 27. The exercise of these powers are very limited to the employee's geographical area of employment and only while such employee is actually on duty as listed in Chapter 13 subsection (C): Special Patrolman. New York City Special Patrolman are appointed in connection with special duties of employment, and such designation confers limited Peace Officer powers upon the employee as listed in Chapter 13 subsection (C).
| Patch | Force | Parent department | Duties | Type | Amount of Personnel | Motto |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | New York City Police Department (NYPD) | - | Responsible for the Policing and investigations of all crimes in New York City | Police Officers [5] | Approx. 36,230 | New York's Finest |
| New York City Department of Environmental Protection Police (DEP Police) | New York City Department of Environmental Protection | Responsible for the protecting of NYC's water supply system | Police Officers [6] | Approx. 200 | ||
| New York City Fire Department Fire Marshals | New York City Fire Department (FDNY) | Responsible for the Investigation of serious fires and arson within NYC | Police Officers [7] | Approx. 150 | New York's Bravest (as FDNY) | |
| New York City Sheriff's Office (NYCSO) | New York City Department of Finance | Responsible for the enforcing of civil court orders and investigate tax / deed fraud in NYC | Deputy Sheriff [8] | Approx. 150 | ||
 | New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission Police | New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission | Responsible for the enforcing of NYC taxi licensing regulations concerning livery vehicles | Special Patrolmen [9] | Approx. 205 | New York's Proudest |
| New York City Department of Homeless Services Police (NYC DHS Police) | New York City Department of Homeless Services | Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Homeless Facilities | Special Officer [10] | Approx. 380 | Policing with Compassion | |
| New York City Human Resources Administration Police Department (NYC HRA Police) | New York City Human Resources Administration | Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Human Resources Administration Facilities | Special Officer [11] | Approx. 130 | New York's Courageous | |
| New York City Department of Sanitation Police (DSNY Police) | New York City Department of Sanitation (DSNY) | Responsible for the enforcement NYC Sanitation laws and health code regulations | Special Patrolmen [12] | Approx. 80 | New York's Strongest (as DSNY) | |
| New York City Parks Enforcement Patrol (NYC PEP) | New York City Department of Parks and Recreation | Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Parks and properties | Special Officer [13] | Approx. 85 | ||
| New York City Department of Probation | - | Responsible for supervision people placed on probation by the NYC court system. | Probation Officer [14] | Approx 60 | ||
 | City University of New York Public Safety Dept | City University of New York (CUNY) | Responsible for the safety and security at CUNY campuses and facilities | Public Safety Officer [15] | Approx. 715 | |
| New York City Department of Correction (NYCD) | - | Responsible for the care and custody of inmate in NYC correctional facilities | Correction Officer [16] | Approx. 9500 | New York's Boldest | |
| New York City Police Department School Safety Division | New York City Police Department (NYPD) | Responsible for the safety and security at NYC public schools | Special Patrolmen [17] | Approx. 5000 | ||
| New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services Police (NYDCASP) | New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services (DCAS) | Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Citywide Administrative Services facilities. | Special Officer [18] | Approx. 15 | ||
| New York City Department of Health and Hospitals Police (NYCDHHP) | New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (NYC HHC) | Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Health and Hospital facilities | Special Officer [19] | Approx. 1250 | ||
| New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Police (DOHMH Police) | New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene | Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene facilities. | Special Officer [20] | Approx 10 | ||
| New York City Department of Investigation (NYC DOI) | Government of New York City | Responsible for investigating NYC governmental corruption & fraud | Special Patrolman [21] | Approx 35 | ||
| New York City Business Integrity Commission (BIC) | New York City Business Integrity Commission | Responsible for regulating private catering industry, public wholesale markets businesses, and the shipboard gambling industry | Special Patrolmen [22] | Approx 60 | ||
Since 1942, correction and probation services have been handled by separate agencies, not the sheriff's office. [23]
The New York City Marshals, who are independent public officers enforcing civil debt, are not peace officers. New York City Marshals are regulated by the New York City Department of Investigation. [24]
A number of private owned and operated communities have their own public safety. A limited number of personnel are New York state peace officers after completing a basic peace officer training course. This grants them very limited peace officer authority within their geographical area of employment in New York City.
The New York City Police Department (NYPD) is the primary law enforcement agency whose mission is to provide police patrol service and investigate all crimes that occur within New York City which includes the below listed areas.
Public Safety Officers must complete the New York State POST (Peace Officer Standard of Training) to become certified.
| Patch | Force | Parent Company | Duties | Title | Amount of Personnel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bay Terrace Public Safety Department | Cord Meyer Development LLC - Bay Terrace Shopping Centre | Public Safety at Bay Terrace | Public Safety | - | |
| Big Six Towers Public Safety Department | Mitchell-Lama cooperative housing company | Public Safety duties at Big Six Towers | Public Safety | Approx 8 | |
| Co-op City Department of Public Safety (CCPD) | RiverBay Corporation | Public Safety Duties at Co-op City | Special Patrolmen | Approx. 100 | |
 | Hunts Point Department of Public Safety (HPPS) | Hunts Point Cooperative Market | Public Safety Duties at Hunts Point Market | Special Patrolmen | Approx. 20 |
| Morningside Heights Housing Corporation Department of Public Safety (MHHC PSD) | Morningside Gardens | Public Safety Duties at Morningside Gardens property. | Public Safety | - | |
| New York Racing Association Peace Officers | New York Racing Association | Public Safety Duties at NYRA facilities. | Special Police | Approx 15 | |
| Parkchester Department of Public Safety (PDPS) | Parkchester Preservation Management | Public Safety Duties at Parkchester property. | Special Patrolmen | Approx. 50 | |
| Roosevelt Island Public Safety Department (RIPSD) | Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation | Public Safety Duties at Roosevelt Island and Tramway | Public Safety | Approx 40 | |
| Sea Gate Police Department (SGPD) | Seagate Homeowners Association | Public Safety Duties at Sea Gate private community | Public Safety | Approx. 10 | |
| Peter Cooper Village Stuyvesant Town Public Safety (PCVST) | Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village | Public Safety Duties at peter copper village community | Public Safety | Approx 10 | |
| Starrett City Department of Public Safety | Starrett City Associates | Public Safety Duties at Spring Creek Towers. | public safety | Approx 10 | |
In New York State, each county has an elected district attorney who is responsible for the prosecution of violations of New York state laws. Federal law in the city of New York is prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York or the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York.
A sheriff is a government official, with varying duties, existing in some countries with historical ties to England where the office originated. There is an analogous, although independently developed, office in Iceland that is commonly translated to English as sherif.
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated offices, such as in military rank and civilian law enforcement.
A fire marshal, in the United States and Canada, is often a member of a state, provincial or territorial government, but may be part of a building department or a separate department altogether. Fire marshals' duties vary but usually include fire code enforcement or investigating fires for origin and cause. Fire marshals may be sworn law enforcement officers and are often experienced firefighters. In larger cities with substantially developed fire departments the local fire departments are sometimes delegated some of the duties of the fire marshal.
Fire police are fire department members who, based upon their jurisdictional authority, receive sworn police powers, special training, and support firefighting efforts at emergency incidents. In addition to securing firefighting equipment, incident and fire scenes, and the station itself, fire police perform traffic and crowd control. In some jurisdictions, fire police are exterior firefighters and may be called upon at fire scenes to perform any of the duties of an interior firefighter except those that require a self-contained breathing apparatus. On occasion, fire police also assist regular police: they perform road closures, traffic control, crowd control at public events, missing persons searches, parade details, salvage, security, and other miscellaneous tasks as requested.
A law enforcement officer (LEO), or peace officer in North American English, is a public-sector or private-sector employee whose duties primarily involve the enforcement of laws, protecting life & property, keeping the peace, and other public safety related duties. Law enforcement officers are designated certain powers & authority by law to allow them to carry out their responsibilities.
The Alaska State Troopers, officially the Division of Alaska State Troopers (AST), is the state police agency of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is a division of the Alaska Department of Public Safety (DPS). The AST is a full-service law enforcement agency that handles both traffic and criminal law enforcement. The AST is also involved in apprehending fugitives as part of the Alaska Fugitive Task Force, an inter-agency collaborative of Alaska police departments that cooperates with police agencies throughout the United States and less commonly with Interpol in apprehending wanted men and women. Unlike many lower 48 states, the AST also serves as Alaska’s primary environmental law enforcement agency; troopers assigned to the AST’s Division of Alaska Wildlife Troopers are known as "Alaska Wildlife Troopers" and primarily serve as game wardens, although they retain the same powers as other Alaskan state troopers.
The Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation (OSBI) is an independent state law enforcement agency of the government of Oklahoma. The OSBI assists the county sheriff offices and city police departments of the state, and is the primary investigative agency of the state government. OSBI works independent of the Oklahoma Department of Public Safety to investigate criminal law violations within the state at the request of statutory authorized requesters. The OSBI was created in 1925 during the term of Governor Martin E. Trapp.
There are forty-five local police agencies in Westchester County, New York. As well as other agencies. They are responsible for protecting Westchester County, these agencies frequently work with one another in the surrounding counties. Current economic times has caused a few Westchester municipalities to consider consolidation of police services. The Westchester County Department of Public Safety started providing primary police services for the Town/Village of Mount Kisco in 2015.
In the United States, a sheriff is the chief of law enforcement of a county. Sheriffs are usually either elected by the populace or appointed by an elected body.
The New York State Office of Mental Health Safety and Security is responsible for providing onsite security and fire safety/prevention services at the 23 state run psychiatric centers located in New York State.
The New York City Sheriff's Office (NYCSO), officially the Office of the Sheriff of the City of New York, is the primary civil law enforcement agency for New York City. The Sheriff's Office is a division of the New York City Department of Finance, operating as an enforcement arm. The Sheriff's Office handles investigations concerning cigarette tax enforcement, real estate property/deed fraud and other matters deemed necessary by the Department of Finance.
The Nassau County Sheriff's Department is the law enforcement agency of Nassau County, New York.
Law enforcement in New York State is primarily conducted by Police Officers employed by State, City, County Police departments. A number of State, City, Educational, and private companies employ Peace Officers.
In the United States, the state police is a police body unique to each U.S. state, having statewide authority to conduct law enforcement activities and criminal investigations. In general, state police officers or highway patrol officers, known as state troopers, perform functions that do not fall within the jurisdiction of a county’s sheriff, such as enforcing traffic laws on state highways and interstates, overseeing security of state capitol complexes, protecting governors, training new officers for local police forces too small to operate an academy and providing technological and scientific services. They also support local police and help to coordinate multi-jurisdictional task force activity in serious or complicated cases in states that grant full police powers statewide.
In the United States, there is no consistent use of the office of constable throughout the states; use may vary within a state. A constable may be an official responsible for service of process: such as summonses and subpoenas for people to appear in court in criminal and/or civil matters. They can also be fully empowered law enforcement officers. Constables may have additional specialized duties unique to the office. In some states the constable is an elected or appointed position at the state or local level of local government. Their jurisdiction can vary from statewide to county/parish and local township boundaries based on the state's laws.
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