List of Ottoman imperial consorts

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This is a list of consorts of the Ottoman sultans, the wives and concubines of the monarchs of the Ottoman Empire who ruled over the transcontinental empire from its inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922.

Contents

Honorific and titles

Hatun

Hatun (Ottoman Turkish : خاتون) was used as an honorific for women in the Ottoman period, roughly equivalent to the English term Lady . The term was being used for the Ottoman sultan's consorts. When the son of one of the consorts ascended the throne she became Valide Hatun (Mother of Sultan).

Sultan

Sultan (سلطان) is a word of Arabic origin, originally meaning "authority" or "dominion". By the beginning of the 16th century, the title of sultan, carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty, was replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably hatun for women and bey for men), with imperial women carrying the title of "Sultan" after their given names. Consequently, the title "Valide Hatun" also turned into "Valide Sultan". In this time, the title "Haseki Sultan" was created and used for the legal wife or Chief Consort of the Ottoman Sultan. For example, Hafsa Sultan, Suleiman's mother and first valide sultan, and Hürrem Sultan, Suleiman's legal wife and first haseki sultan. This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative. [1] Towards the end of the seventeenth century the title hatun and sultan for imperial consorts was replaced by Kadın and Ikbal.

Kadın

Kadın (Ottoman Turkish : قادين) was the title given to the consorts of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. The title officially first came in use during the reign of Sultan Suleiman II. The Sultan could have up to four and some times five women with the imperial rank of Kadın and unlimited number of women with the rank of Ikbal.

Ikbal

Ikbal (Ottoman Turkish : اقبال) was the title given to the official consorts of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, who came below the rank of Kadın. Their honorific was " Hanim ".

Consorts of the Ottoman sultans

PortraitNameBirth nameOriginPlace of OriginMarriage Spouse
Malhun Hatun Statue Turkey.jpg Malhun Hatun MalTurkish Anatolia Osman I
Rabia Bala Hatun RabiaTurkishTurkey
Eftendize HatunEftandiseTurkishAnatolia13th century Orhan I
Asporça Hatun Holofira, Olivera or GlafiraGreek Bilecik
Nilüfer Hatun Holofira

( Possible )

Greek Byzantine Empire
Theodora Hatun Theodora KantakouzeneGreek Byzantine Empire 1347 (legal marriage)
Gülçiçek Hatun MariaGreek Byzantine Empire 1359 (disputed) Murad I
Thamara Hatun Kera TamaraBulgarian Bulgarian Empire 1370 (legal marriage)
Melîke HatunMelîkeTurkish
Füldane HatunMaria Dejanovic DragasSerbian Serbian Empire
Fülane Hatun Olga Dejanovic DragasSerbian, daughter of Konstantin of Kostendil' [2] Serbian Empire 1372 (legal marriage) Bayezid I
Sultan Hatun Turkish Kütahya,
Germinayid Principality
1378 (disputed)
Angelina HatunAngelinaGreek [3] [4] Greece
Hafsa Hatun HâfizeTurkish Birgi, Aydinid Principality 1390 (legal marriage)
Olivera Despina Mileva Olivera LazarevićSerbian Kruševac, Serbia1390 (legal marriage)
Marija HatunMariaDaughter of the Hungarian count Janos, she was freed by Timur and handed over to Henry III of Castile. She later married Payo Gomez de Soto Mayor [3] [5] . Hungary
Karamanoğlu Hatun
Devlet Hatun SerbianSerbia

Emine Hatun

Emine

Turkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality
Mehmed I
Şahzade HatunTurkish Amasya,
Kutluşah Principality
Kumru HatunRomanian
Halime Hatice Hatun Murad II
Hüma Hatun Slavic or Greek [6]
Mara Brankovic, Esphigmenou charter (1429).jpg
Mara Despina Sultan Mara BrankovićSerb Serbian Despotate 1435 (legal marriage)
Yeni HatunTurkishTurkey
Gülbahar Hatun [7] [8] [9] Albanian, [10] Slavic, [11] Pontic Greek [6] or Turkish [12] Unknown Mehmed II
Gülşah Hatun SerbianSerbia
Anna Hatun Anna KomeneneGreekGreece
Marciana gr. Z. 516 (904), fol. 2v.jpg
Sittişah Hatun MükrimeTurkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality
1449 (legal marriage)
Çiçek Hatun Serb or Turkish
Helena Hatun Helena PalaiologinaGreekGreece
Maria HatunMariaGreek
Hatice HatunHaticeTurkish
Şirin Hatun Bayezid II
Hüsnüşah Hatun
Bülbül Hatun
Nigar Hatun
Gülruh Hatun
Ayşe HatunAyşeTurkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality
Muhtereme Ferahşad Hatun
Gülbahar Hatun
Gülfem Hatun
Mühurnaz Hatun
Ayşe Hatun AyşeCrimeanCrimean Khanate Selim I
Şirin Hatun
Nilüfer Hatun
138822043 khafsa gashenaya.jpg
Hafsa Sultan European, Turkish or Circassian [12] Unknown
Zeynep Hatun
Yasemin Hatun [13]

Unknown

Suleiman I
Hübeh Hatun [13] Unknown
Mahidevran Hatun [13] Albanian, [14] Circassian [14] or Montenegrin [15] Albania, Circassia or Montenegro

Server Hatun [13]

Unknown

Haseki Hurrem Sultan Rossa Solimanni.jpg

Hürrem Sultan

unknown

Ruthenian Kingdom of Poland1534 (legal marriage)

Nurbanu Sultan1560.jpg

Nurbanu Sultan

Cecilia Venier-Baffo, Rachēl or Kalē Kartanoū

Venetian, Greek or JewishParos, Republic of Venice or Corfu, Republic of Venice1571 (legal marriage) Selim II
Safiye sultan l.jpg Safiye Sultan Albanian Albania, Dukagjin Highlands Murad III
Zerefsan Hatun
Nazperver HatunDobra Basarab[ citation needed ]MoldovanMoldova
Fakriye Hatun
Elif Hatun
Aygül Hatun
Şahıhuban Hatun
Rashida Hatun
Helena HatunHelena
Şemsiruhsar Hatun
Mihriban Hatun
Handan Sultan Bosnian [16] or Greek [17] Ottoman Bosnia or Ottoman Greece Mehmed III
Halime Sultan Abkhaz Abkhazia
Fülane Hatun
Mahfiruz Hatice Sultan.png Mahfiruz Hatice Hatun [12] [18] Ahmed I
A portrait of Kosem Sultan.jpg Mahpeyker Kösem Sultan Greek
Fatma Hatun
Șahzaman Hatun
Ayşe Sultan Osman II
Meylișah Meleksima Hatun  [ tr ]Serbian
Akile Hatun AkileTurkish Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
Ayşe Sultan Murad IV
Unnamed Haseki
Sanavber Hatun
Esma Hatun
Ayse Mahziba Hatun
Vera Effigies Turcorvm Imperatoris Ibrahim Filii, Et Sultanae, Eiusdem Matris (1707).jpg
Zafire Hatun Georgian [19] Ibrahim I
Turhan Hatice.jpg
Turhan Sultan Russian [20] [21]
Saliha Dilaşub Sultan Unknown [22] [23] Unknown [24] [23] Unknown [25] [23]
Hubyar Hatun
Hatice Muazzez Sultan
Mahienver Sultan
Saçbağlı Sultan
Şivekar Sultan Armenian
Ayșe Sultan
Hümaşah Sultan 1647 (legal marriage)
Șakizula Hatun
Şekerpare Hatun
Handanzade Hatun
Meleki Hatun
Rabia Gulnus Sultan.jpg Emetullah Rabia Gülnüş Sultan From the Greek or Venetian Verzini family from the island of Crete [26] [27] [28] [29] Rethymno, Crete, Republic of Venice Mehmed IV
Afife Hatun
Kaniye Hatun
Siyavuș Hatun
Gülbeyaz Hatun
Nezvruz Hatun
Cihanșah Hatun
Dürriye Hatun
Gülnar Hatun
Güneş Hatun
Hatice Hatun
Rukiye Hatun
Hatice Kadın Suleiman II
Behzad Kadın
İvaz Kadın
Süğlün Kadın
Şehsuvar Kadın
Zeyneb Kadın
Rabia Sultan Ahmed II
Şayeste Hatun
Alicenab Kadın Mustafa II
Afife Kadın
Saliha Sultan Greek
Şehsuvar Sultan RussianRussia
Bahtiyar Kadın
Hatice KadınBosnianBosnia
Ivaz Kadın
Hüsnuşah Kadın
Emetullah Kadın Ahmed III
Emine Mihrișah Kadın
Rabia Șermi Kadın
Ayşe Mihri Behri Kadın
Hatem Hanım
Hanife Hatun
Rukiye Kadın
Fatma Hümaşah Kadın
Gülneş Kadın
Hürrem Kadın
Meyli Kadın
Hatice Kadın
Nazife Kadın
Nejat Kadın
Muslı Emine Kadın
Sadıka Kadın
Hüsnüşah Kadın
Ümmügülsüm Kadın
Zeyneb Kadın
Hace Ayşe Kadın Mahmud I
Hatem Kadın
Alicenab Kadın
Verdinaz Kadın
Hatice Rami Kadın
Tiriyal Kadın
Raziye Kadın
Meyyase Kadın
Fehmi Kadın
Sirri Kadın
Habbabe Kadın
Leyla Kadın Osman III
Zevki Kadın
Ferhunde KadınEmine
Aynülhayat Kadın Mustafa III
Mihrişah Sultan GeorgianGeorgia
Fehmi Kadın
Rifat Kadın
Adilşah Kadın Ayşe
Binnaz Kadın
Gülnar Kadın
Ayşe Kadın Abdul Hamid I
Ruhşah Kadın
Binnaz Kadın
Nevrez Kadın
Ayşe Sineperver Sultan Georgian or Circassian [30]
Mehtabe Kadın
Muteber Kadın
Şebsefa Fatma Kadın
Naksidil.JPG Nakşidil Sultan GeorgianGeorgia
Hümaşah Kadın
Dilpezir Kadın
Mislimayab Kadın
Mihriban Kadın
Nükhetseza Kadın
Nefizar Kadınefendi Selim III
Afitab Kadın
Zibifer Kadın
Tabısafa Kadın
Refet Kadın
Nürumşems Kadın
Hüsnümah Kadın
Demhoş Kadın
Goçenigar Kadın
Mahtube Kadın
Aynisefa Kadın
Pakize Kadın
Meryem Hatun
Şevkinür Kadın Mustafa IV
Reykidil Kadın
Dilpezir Kadın
Seyyare Kadın
Fatma Kadın Mahmud II
Alicenab Kadın
Nevfıdan Pertevpiyale Kadın 1823
Dilseza Kadın
Mislinayab Kadın
Kameri Kadın
Ebrireftar Kadın
Bezmiâlem Sultan SuzzanneGeorgian1822
Aşubcan Kadın CircassianCircassia1808
Vüslat Kadın
Zernigar Kadın1825
Nurtab Kadın
Haciye Hoşyar Kadın 1811
Pertizfekek Kadın
Pertevniyal Sultan RomanianRomania1830
Hüsnımelek Kadın
Tiryal Hanım1826
Lebrizifelek Hanım
Servet-seza Baskadinefendi Hazretleri.JPG
Servetseza Kadın Circassian Maykop, Russia 1837 Abdulmejid I
Tirimüjgan Kadın Circassian North Caucasus 1840
Düzdidil Kadın Ayşe Dişan Ubykh North Caucasus 2 October 1842
Sevk-efza Valide Sultan Hazretleri.JPG
Şevkefza Sultan Gagra 1 August 1839
Zeynifelek Hanım 1841
Gülcemal Kadin Bosnian Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1840
Verd-i Cenan III. Kadinefendi Hazretleri.JPG
Verdicenan Kadın Saliha Açba Sukhum, Georgia 17 December 1840
Nükhetsezâ Hanım Hatice Baras21 October 1841
Mahitab Kadın Nuriye Chechen Makhachkala, Russia 1845
Nesrin Hanım Adile Asemiani1842
Ceylanyar Hanım Nafiye Berzeg Ubykh Sochi, Russia 1847
Nergizev Hanım Natukhai Anapa, Russia 1847
Navekmisal Hanım Biberd1848
Bezmiara Kadın Circassian Circassia 1849 - 1852 (Legal marriage)
Nalandil Hanım Çıpakue Natukhai Anapa, Russia 1850
Sayeste Hanim (2).jpg Şayeste Hanım İnalipa Sukhum, Georgia 1851
Serfiraz Hanım Ayşe Liah1852
Gulistu Kadinefendi (2).jpg Gülüstü Hanım Fatma Çaçba Sukhum, Abkhazia August 1854
Rahıme Perestu Sultan Rahime Gogen Ubykh Sochi, Russia 20 January 1856 (Legal marriage)
Durrunev Kadin.jpg
Dürrünev Kadın Melek Dziapş-İpa Batumi, Georgia 20 May 1856 Abdülaziz
Edadil Kadın Aredba Adlersky, Sochi,1861
Hayranidil Kadın Kars, Ottoman Empire 21 September 1865
Nesrin Kadın Nesrin Zevş-Barakay Ubykh North Caucasus 1868
Gevheri Kadın Emine Svatnba Gudauta, Georgia 1872
Mevhibe Kadın Mevhibe Tarkanişvili Tbilisi, Georgia 21 January 1857 Murad V
Reftarıdil Kadın Hatko4 February 1859
Şayan Kadın Safiye Zan Natukhai Anapa, Russia 5 February 1869
Meyliservet Kadın Circassian Batumi, Georgia 8 June 1874
Resan Hanım Ayşe Artvin, Ottoman Empire 2 November 1877
Nazikeda Kadın Tsanba1863 Abdul Hamid II
Nurefsun Kadın Circassian North Caucasus October 1868 -
26 June 1879
Bedrifelek Kadinefendi.jpg Bedrifelek Kadın Karzeg Natukhai Anapa, Russia 15 November 1868
Bidar II. Kadinefendi Hazretleri.JPG Bidar Kadın Talustan Circassian Kobuleti, Adjara, Georgia 2 September 1875
Dilpesend Kadın Azize Abkhazia Tbilisi, Georgia 10 April 1884
Mezidimestan Kadın Kadriye Mikanba Gagra, Georgia 2 February 1885
Emsalinur Kadin.jpg Emsalinur Kadın Kaya20 November 1885
Musfika kadinefendi.jpg Müşfika Kadın Ayşe Ağırba Hopa, Caucasus 12 February 1886
Sazkar.png Sazkar Hanım Atiye Maan Ayvacık, Çanakkale, Ottoman Empire 31 August 1890
Peyveste Hanim.jpg Peyveste Hanım Rabia Emuhvari Pitsunda,24 January 1893
Fatma Pesend.png Fatma Pesend Hanım Fatma Kadriye Açba Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 20 July 1896
Behice Hanim.jpg Behice Hanım Behiye Maan Beynevi, Adapazarı, Ottoman Empire 10 May 1900
Saliha Naciye Hanim.jpg Saliha Naciye Hanım Zeliha Ankuap Georgian Yukarı Ihsaniye, Bartın, Ottoman Empire 4 November 1904
Kamures.png
Kamures Kadın Ubykh 30 September 1872 Mehmed V
Dürrüaden Kadın Hatice Voçibe Circassian Caucasus 10 October 1876
Mihrengiz Kadin.png Mihrengiz Kadın Fatma Ubykh Sochi, Russia 4 April 1887
Nazperver Kadın Emine Çikotua Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1888
Dilfirib Kadın Circassian Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1907
Nazikeda Kadın Emine Marşan8 June 1885 Mehmed VI
Insirah II. Hanimefendi Hazretleri.JPG Inşirah Hanım Seniye Voçibe Ubykh Maşukiye, Ottoman Empire 8 July 1905
Moved details Kadin.jpg Müveddet Kadın Şadiye Çıhcı Derbent, Russia 24 April 1911
Nevvare Hanim.jpg Nevvare Hanım Ayşe Çıhcı Derbent, Russia 20 June 1918 -
20 May 1924
Nevzad Hanım Nimet BarguAlbanian Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1 September 1921

See also

Notes

  1. Peirce, Leslie P (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. ISBN   0-19-507673-7.
  2. Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 89—90.
  3. 1 2 Alderson 1956, table XXIV (note 6).
  4. Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 89.
  5. Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 88—89.
  6. 1 2 Lowry 2012, p. 153.
  7. Süreyya, 1 Cild 1996, p. 15.
  8. Akyıldız 2012, p. 494.
  9. Emecen 1996, p. 230.
  10. Babinger 1992, p. 52.
  11. Alderson 1956, table XXVII (note. 9).
  12. 1 2 3 Alderson 1956, p. 83.
  13. 1 2 3 4 Peirce 2017, p. 101.
  14. 1 2 Peirce 1993, p. 55.
  15. Iorga 1909, p. 344.
  16. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 219.
  17. Iyigun, Murat (2015). War, Peace & Prosperity in the Name of God: The Ottoman Role in Europe's Socioeconomic Evolution. University of Chicago Press. p. 119. ISBN   978-0-226-23228-7. Handan Sultan... Greek...
  18. Süreyya, 1 Cild 1996, p. 20.
  19. Artan, Tülay (2021). "Imaginary Voyages, Imagined Ottomans: A Gentleman Impostor, the Köprülüs, and Seventeenth-Century French Oriental Romances". In Kenan, Seyfi; Somel, Selçuk Aksin (eds.). Dimensions of Transformation in the Ottoman Empire from the Late Medieval Age to Modernity: In Memory of Metin Kunt. BRILL. pp. 54–96. doi:10.1163/9789004442351_004. ISBN   9789004442351.
  20. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 245; Baer 2011, p. 35; Cooke, Göknar & Parker 2008, p. 214; Carsten 1961, p. 505; Karaca 2012 .
  21. Ruth Barzilai-Lumbroso (2008). Turkish Men, Ottoman Women: Popular Turkish Historians and the Writing of Ottoman Women's History. ProQuest. ISBN   978-0-549-48355-7.
  22. A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83
  23. 1 2 3 Sakaoğlu 2008, pp. 253"Saraya ne zaman alındığı ve milliyeti bilinmeyen Dilâşûb, Sultan İbrahim'in ilk hasekilerindendir."
  24. A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83
  25. A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83
  26. İpşirli 1996 .
  27. Uluçay 2011 .
  28. Sakaoğlu 2015 .
  29. Alderson 1956.
  30. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 354.

Sources

Further reading