List of Portuguese inventions and discoveries

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Portuguese inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques invented or discovered by Portuguese people.

Contents

Arts and entertainment

Food and cooking

Nautical science

Weaponry

Science and technology

Literature

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prince Henry the Navigator</span> Portuguese navigator and Prince (1394–1460)

Dom Henrique of Portugal, Duke of Viseu, better known as Prince Henry the Navigator, was a central figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire and in the 15th-century European maritime discoveries and maritime expansion. Through his administrative direction, he is regarded as the main initiator of what would be known as the Age of Discovery. Henry was the fourth child of King John I of Portugal, who founded the House of Aviz.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Galleon</span> Large and multi-decked sailing ships

Galleons were large, multi-decked sailing ships developed in Spain and Portugal and first used as armed cargo carriers by Europeans from the 16th to 18th centuries during the Age of Sail and were the principal vessels drafted for use as warships until the Anglo-Dutch Wars of the mid-17th century. Galleons generally carried three or more masts with a lateen fore-and-aft rig on the rear masts, were carvel built with a prominent squared off raised stern, and used square-rigged sail plans on their fore-mast and main-masts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sagres Point</span> Promontory of southern Portugal

Sagres Point is a windswept shelf-like promontory located in the southwest Algarve region of southern Portugal. Only 4 km to the west and 3 km to the north lies Cape St. Vincent, which is usually taken as the southwesternmost tip of Europe. The vicinity of Sagres Point and Cape St. Vincent has been used for religious purposes since Neolithic times, to which standing menhirs near Vila do Bispo, a few miles from both points, attest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portuguese cuisine</span> Culinary traditions of Portugal

The oldest known book on Portuguese cuisine, entitled Livro de Cozinha da Infanta D. Maria de Portugal, from the 16th century, describes many popular dishes of meat, fish, poultry and others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manueline</span> 16th century Portuguese architectural style

The Manueline, occasionally known as Portuguese late Gothic, is the sumptuous, composite Portuguese architectural style originating in the 16th century, during the Portuguese Renaissance and Age of Discoveries. Manueline architecture incorporates maritime elements and representations of the discoveries brought from the voyages of Vasco da Gama and Pedro Álvares Cabral. This innovative style synthesizes aspects of Late Gothic Flamboyant architecture with original motifs and influences of the Plateresque, Mudéjar, Italian, and Flemish architecture. It marks the transition from Late Gothic to Renaissance. The construction of churches and monasteries in Manueline was largely financed by proceeds of the lucrative spice trade with Africa and India.

<i>Viola caipira</i> Brazilian string musical instrument

The viola caipira, often simply viola or brazilian viola, is a Brazilian ten-string guitar with five courses of strings arranged in pairs. It was introduced in the state of São Paulo, where it is widely played as the basis for the música caipira, a type of folk-country music originating in the Caipira country of south-central Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portuguese guitar</span> Plucked string instrument with twelve steel strings

The Portuguese guitar or Portuguese guitarra is a plucked string instrument with twelve steel strings, strung in six courses of two strings. It is one of the few musical instruments that still uses watch-key or Preston tuners. It is iconically associated with the musical genre known as Fado.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central de Cervejas</span> Portuguese brewery

Sociedade Central de Cervejas is a Portuguese brewery, founded in 1934. Its main output is the Sagres brand of beers. The company has been controlled by Heineken since April 2008.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diogo de Arruda</span> Portuguese architect

Diogo de Arruda was a noted Portuguese architect that was active during the early years of the 16th century. He had some other important family members including his brother, Francisco de Arruda and his nephew, Miguel de Arruda.

Álvaro Fernandes, was a 15th-century Portuguese explorer from Madeira, in the service of Henry the Navigator. He captained two important expeditions, which expanded the limit of the Portuguese discovery of the West African coast, probably as far as the northern borderlands of modern Guinea-Bissau. Álvaro Fernandes's farthest point would not be surpassed for ten years, until the voyage of Alvise Cadamosto in 1456.

Lançarote de Freitas, better known as Lançarote de Lagos or Lançarote da Ilha, was a 15th-century Portuguese explorer and slave trader from Lagos, Portugal. He was the leader of two large Portuguese slaving raids on the West African coast in 1444–46.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of the Gulf of Oman</span>

The Battle of the Gulf of Oman was a naval battle between a large Portuguese armada under Dom Fernando de Meneses and the Ottoman Indian fleet under Seydi Ali Reis. The campaign was a catastrophic failure for the Ottomans who lost all of their ships.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National symbols of Portugal</span> Overview of the national symbols of Portugal

The symbols of Portugal are official and unofficial flags, icons or cultural expressions that are emblematic, representative or otherwise characteristic of Portugal and of its culture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portuguese Renaissance</span> Cultural and artistic movement in Portugal during 15th and 16th century

The Portuguese Renaissance refers to the cultural and artistic movement in Portugal during the 15th and 16th centuries. Though the movement coincided with the Spanish and Italian Renaissances, the Portuguese Renaissance was largely separate from other European Renaissances and instead was extremely important in opening Europe to the unknown and bringing a more worldly view to those European Renaissances, as at the time the Portuguese Empire spanned the globe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Square-rigged caravel</span> Portuguese sailing ship

The square-rigged caravel, was a sailing ship created by the Portuguese in the second half of the fifteenth century. A much larger version of the caravel, its use was most notorious beginning in the end of that century. The square-rigged caravel held a notable role in the Portuguese expansion during the Age of Discovery, especially in the first half of the sixteenth century, for its exceptional maneuverability and combat capabilities. This ship was also sometimes adopted by other European powers. Its hull resembled the shape of the later galleon and some scholars have claimed that this vessel is a forerunner of the fighting galleon, by the name of caravela de armada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sagres school</span> Portuguese naval organization

The School of Sagres, also called Court of Sagres is supposed to have been a group of figures associated with fifteenth century Portuguese navigation, gathered by prince Henry of Portugal in Sagres near Cape St. Vincent, the southwestern end of the Iberian Peninsula, in the Algarve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lighthouse of Cabo de São Vicente</span> Lighthouse in Portugal

The Lighthouse of Cabo de São Vicente is a beacon/lighthouse located along the coastal peninsula of Sagres Point in the civil parish of Sagres, in the Portuguese municipality of the Vila do Bispo. Not to be confused with the Lighthouse of Ponta de Sagres, which is the located further to the edge of the extreme southwest cape of the civil parish, southwest of the Fortress of Sagres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of the Strait of Hormuz (1553)</span>

The Battle of the Strait of Hormuz was fought in August 1553 between an Ottoman fleet, commanded by Admiral Murat Reis, against a Portuguese fleet of Dom Diogo de Noronha. The Turks were forced to retreat after clashing with the Portuguese.

The Battle of Pago was a military operation that took place in 1520, in which Portuguese forces successfully attacked Pago, where the former Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah had built a fortified camp to harass Portuguese Malacca.

References

  1. Filipe, Jaime - "As bolas de vento para microfones, nasceram em Portugal". Inventiva n.º 33. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade. Março de 1981.
  2. Boletim Informativo Inventiva n.º 1. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade, Dezembro de 1984.
  3. Boletim Informativo Inventiva n.º 7. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade.
  4. Filipe, Jaime - "Dar vista aos cegos". Inventiva. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade. Outubro de 1977.
  5. Boletim Informativo Inventiva n.º 6. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade. 1986.