List of investigational antipsychotics

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This is a list of investigational antipsychotics , or antipsychotics that are currently under development for clinical use but are not yet approved. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses.

Contents

This list was last comprehensively updated in December 2017. It is likely to become outdated with time.

Receptor modulators

Monoamine receptor modulators

Glutamate receptor modulators

Acetylcholine receptor modulators

Cannabinoid receptor modulators

Other/mixed receptor modulators

Enzyme inhibitors

Ion channel modulators

Others

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor</span> Acetylcholine receptors named for their selective binding of muscarine

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells. They play several roles, including acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers. They are mainly found in the parasympathetic nervous system, but also have a role in the sympathetic nervous system in the control of sweat glands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Propiomazine</span> Chemical compound

Propiomazine, sold under the brand name Propavan among others, is an antihistamine which is used to treat insomnia and to produce sedation and relieve anxiety before or during surgery or other procedures and in combination with analgesics as well as during labor. Propiomazine is a phenothiazine, but is not used therapeutically as a neuroleptic because it does not block dopamine receptors well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muscarinic antagonist</span> Drug that binds to but does not activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors

A muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, also simply known as a muscarinic antagonist or as an antimuscarinic agent, is a type of anticholinergic drug that blocks the activity of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). The muscarinic receptors are proteins involved in the transmission of signals through certain parts of the nervous system, and muscarinic receptor antagonists work to prevent this transmission from occurring. Notably, muscarinic antagonists reduce the activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. The normal function of the parasympathetic system is often summarised as "rest-and-digest", and includes slowing of the heart, an increased rate of digestion, narrowing of the airways, promotion of urination, and sexual arousal. Muscarinic antagonists counter this parasympathetic "rest-and-digest" response, and also work elsewhere in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M<sub>4</sub> Protein-coding gene

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4, also known as the cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 4 (CHRM4), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CHRM4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xanomeline</span> Chemical compound

Xanomeline is a small molecule muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist that was first synthesized in a collaboration between Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk as an investigational therapeutic being studied for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pimavanserin</span> Atypical antipsychotic medication

Pimavanserin, sold under the brand name Nuplazid, is an atypical antipsychotic which is approved for the treatment of Parkinson's disease psychosis. Unlike other antipsychotics, pimavanserin is not a dopamine receptor antagonist, but rather is a selective inverse agonist of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brilaroxazine</span> Experimental atypical antipsycotic

Brilaroxazine, also known as oxaripiprazole, is an investigational atypical antipsychotic which is under development by Reviva Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and inflammatory disorders. It has currently completed the first of two phase III clinical trials for schizophrenia. Reviva Pharmaceuticals also intends to investigate brilaroxazine for the treatment of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), irritability in autism, tics, psychosis/agitation associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease psychosis, as well as the inflammatory disorders pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and psoriasis. The FDA granted brilaroxazine orphan drug designation for the treatment of PAH and IPF.

Peripherally selective drugs have their primary mechanism of action outside of the central nervous system (CNS), usually because they are excluded from the CNS by the blood–brain barrier. By being excluded from the CNS, drugs may act on the rest of the body without producing side-effects related to their effects on the brain or spinal cord. For example, most opioids cause sedation when given at a sufficiently high dose, but peripherally selective opioids can act on the rest of the body without entering the brain and are less likely to cause sedation. These peripherally selective opioids can be used as antidiarrheals, for instance loperamide (Imodium).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xanomeline/trospium chloride</span> Medication

Xanomeline/trospium chloride, sold under the brand name Cobenfy, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of schizophrenia. It contains xanomeline, a muscarinic agonist; and trospium chloride, a muscarinic antagonist. Xanomeline is a functionally preferring muscarinic M4 and M1 receptor agonist. Trospium chloride is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Emraclidine</span> Chemical compound

Emraclidine is an investigational antipsychotic for the treatment of both schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease psychosis developed by Cerevel Therapeutics. As of August 2024, it is in phase 2 clinical trials.

NBI-1076968 is a selective muscarinic acetylcholine M4 receptor antagonist which is under development by Neurocrine Biosciences for the treatment of movement disorders. It is orally active.

ML-007 is a selective muscarinic acetylcholine M1 and M4 receptor agonist which is under development for the treatment of schizophrenia, psychotic disorders, and dyskinesias. It is being developed in combination with a peripherally selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist (also known as ML-007/peripherally acting anticholinergic or ML-007/PAC). The drug is taken by mouth.

References

  1. ↑ "Brilaroxazine - Reviva Biopharmaceuticals - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  2. ↑ "FKF 02SC - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  3. ↑ "Masupirdine - Suven Life Sciences - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  4. ↑ "N-methyl amisulpride - LB pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  5. ↑ "Ralmitaront - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  6. ↑ "SEP 363856 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  7. ↑ "SUVN D4010 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  8. ↑ "Pomaglumetad methionil - Denovo Biopharma/Eli Lilly and Company - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  9. ↑ O'Brien, Erin (June 18, 2024). "New Baseline Data on Iclepertin for Schizophrenia". Vol 41, Issue 6.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  10. ↑ "Emraclidine - Cerevel Therapeutics - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
  11. ↑ "ML 007 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
  12. ↑ "HTL 0016878 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  13. ↑ "NS 136". AdisInsight. May 15, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  14. ↑ "Cannabidiol - GW Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  15. ↑ "Cannabidiol - Echo Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  16. ↑ "CVN 766 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
  17. ↑ "Deudextromethorphan - Avanir Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  18. ↑ Nguyen, Linda; Thomas, Kelan L.; Lucke-Wold, Brandon P.; Cavendish, John Z.; Crowe, Molly S.; Matsumoto, Rae R. (March 2016). "Dextromethorphan: An update on its utility for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders". Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 159: 1–22. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.01.016. ISSN   1879-016X. PMID   26826604.
  19. ↑ "Roluperidone - Minerva Neurosciences - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  20. ↑ "TAK 041 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  21. ↑ "Luvadaxistat - Takeda - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  22. ↑ Vita, Antonio; Nibbio, Gabriele; Barlati, Stefano (January 2024). "Pharmacological Treatment of Cognitive Impairment Associated With Schizophrenia: State of the Art and Future Perspectives". Schizophrenia Bulletin Open. 5 (1): sgae013. doi:10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae013. ISSN   2632-7899. PMID   39144119.
  23. ↑ "MK 8189 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  24. ↑ "BI 409306 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  25. ↑ "Sodium benzoate - SyneuRx - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  26. ↑ "Evenamide - Newron Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  27. ↑ "TS 134 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Springer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  28. ↑ Vijeepallam, K.; Pandy, V.; Kunasegaran, T.; Murugan, D. D.; Naidu, M. (2016). "Mitragyna speciosa Leaf Extract Exhibits Antipsychotic-Like Effect with the Potential to Alleviate Positive and Negative Symptoms of Psychosis in Mice". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 7: 464. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00464 . PMC   5138496 . PMID   27999544.
  29. ↑ Johnson, L. E.; Balyan, L.; Magdalany, A.; Saeed, F.; Salinas, R.; Wallace, S.; Veltri, C. A.; Swogger, M. T.; Walsh, Z.; Grundmann, O. (2020). "The Potential for Kratom as an Antidepressant and Antipsychotic". The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. 93 (2): 283–289. PMC   7309668 . PMID   32607089.
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