The journalists killed during the Syrian Civil War refers to the foreign war correspondents, Syrian professional journalists (including those who work for pro-government media outlets), and Syrian citizen journalists (including those who work for opposition forces) killed since the beginning of the civil war in 2011 and who have died as a result of their reporting. Also included in a separate form are those journalists whose whereabouts are unknown or whose disappearance is a result of their reporting and the period of their disappearance, including those cases where it is unknown as to whether or not they are casualties.
The Doha Centre for Media Freedom has documented 110 professional or citizen journalists who have died during the Syrian civil war. [1] The Syrian Journalists' Association has documented 153 journalists killed since the uprising and throughout the civil war, and 15 in March 2013. [2] [3] As of March 2013, the United Nations estimated that 70,000 people have been killed during the Syrian civil war. [2]
Date | Name | Location | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|
19 December 2024 | Cihan Bilgin | Aleppo Governorate, near the Tishrin Dam | Free media workers Cihan Bilgin and Nazım Daştan were Killed in an unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) attack carried out by the Turkish state on the road between the Tishrin Dam and the town of Sirin. | [4] |
19 December 2024 | Nazım Daştan | Aleppo Governorate, near the Tishrin Dam | Free media workers Nazım Daştan and Cihan Bilgin were Killed in an unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) attack carried out by the Turkish state on the road between the Tishrin Dam and the town of Sirin. | [5] |
9 August 2023 | Firas al-Ahmad | al-Shayyiah, Deraa Governorate | journalist working for Sama TV in Damascus. Killed along with three soldiers by a roadside bomb that also injured his cameraman | [6] |
20 February 2020 | Abdul Nasser Haj Hamdan | Maaret Elnaasan | photographer working for the Media Office in Binnish, died in Russian airstrike | [7] |
10 February 2020 | Abdul Hameed al-Yousef | Kafr Rumah, Idlib governorate | photographer and camera operator for Kafr Rumah Media Office, died in government shelling | [8] |
13 October 2019 | Mohammed Hussein Rasho and Saad Ahmed | Ras al-Ain | Two Syrian Kurdish journalists in Turkish air strike on civilian convoy carrying local and foreign journalists | [9] |
12 November 2016 | Mohsen Khazaei | Minyan district, Aleppo | Iranian reporter for IRIB and his cameraman injured in rebel crossfire while embedded with pro-government fighters | [10] [11] |
23 October 2016 | Eylül Nûhilat | Shehba | While accompanying fighters of Shehba Women Protection Front, the Syrian Kurdish YPJ press office journalist was killed during the artillery attacks of the Turkish army on Shehba region. | [12] [13] |
13 October 2016 | Patryk Skolak | Aleppo | Polish freelance journalist | [1] |
18 July 2016 | Mustafa Mohammed | Manbij, Aleppo Governorate | The Syrian Kurdish journalist for Ronahi TV, died in Qamishli from injuries sustained while covering the fighting in Manbij | [14] |
11 July 2016 | Ibrahim Al-Omar | Idlib | Syrian reporter for Al-Jazeera, killed in Russian double tap airstrike while reporting | [15] |
24 June 2016 | Khaled Al-Issa | Aleppo (wounded in Syria and pronounced dead in Antakya, Turkey) | Opposition journalist killed by an explosive device hidden in his home. Known for being the fellow journalist of Hadi Al-Abdullah, injured in the same attack | [16] [17] |
7 December 2015 | Zakaria Ibrahim | Teldo Village, Homs province | Al Jazeera camera operator | [18] |
31 January 2015 | Kenji Goto | Unknown (ISIL) | Japanese freelance video journalist, captured and beheaded by ISIL | [19] |
25 September 2014 | Unidentified member of Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently | Raqqa | Name withheld for security reasons; date is reported date | [20] |
10 September 2014 | Mohamed Al Qasim | Idlib | Reporter for Syrian radio station Rozana, killed by unknown gunman while interviewing a rebel leader | [21] [22] |
2 September 2014 | Steven Joel Sotloff | Unknown (ISIL) | American freelance photographer | [23] |
19 August 2014 | James Wright Foley | Unknown (ISIL) | American freelance photographer | [24] |
27 May 2013 | Yara Abbas | Homs (Dabaa airport) | Reporter for Syrian News Channel (al-Ikhbariyah), killed by rebel sniper while reporting a clash | [25] |
1 April 2013 | Abdul Raheem Kour Hassan | Damascus | Radio director for Watan FM | [26] |
15 March 2013 | Ahmed Khaled Shehadeh | Damascus (Daraya) | Editor-in-chief at the newspaper Anab Balady | [1] |
10 March 2013 | Ghaith Abd al-Jawad | Damascus | Citizen journalist working for the Qaboun Media Center | [27] |
10 March 2013 | Amr Badir al-Deen Junaid (aka Abu Ameer) | Damascus | Citizen journalist working for the Qaboun Media Center | [28] |
3 March 2013 | Walid Jamil Amira | Damascus | Citizen journalist working for the Jobar Media Center | [29] |
25 February 2013 | Wael Abdul Aziz | Homs (Baba Amr) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
24 February 2013 | Olivier Voisin | Idlib Governorate (wounded in Syria and died in Turkey) | French freelance photographer; injured near Idlib, died in Turkey | [30] |
19 February 2013 | Adnan Abu Abdo | Daraa | Citizen journalist | [1] |
17 February 2013 | Mohamed Mohamed | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
17 February 2013 | Mohammed Saeed Al-Hamwi | Damascus (Qaboun) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
15 February 2013 | Yousef Adel Bakri | Aleppo | Citizen journalist with the Aleppo News Network | [1] |
12 February 2013 | Hamada Abdel-Salam Al-Khatib | Homs | Citizen journalist | [1] |
11 February 2013 | Zaid Abu Obeida | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
6 February 2013 | Mohammed Kurdi | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
3 February 2013 | Abdul Latif Khalil Khuder | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
2 February 2013 | Nabil Al-Nabulsi | Daraa Izra | Citizen journalist | [1] |
24 January 2013 | Mohamed Abd Al-Rahman | Damascus | Sports journalist for pro-government news website Syria News | [31] [32] |
18 January 2013 | Mohammed al-Masalmeh, a.k.a. Mohamed al-Hourani | Basri Al-Hariri, Daraa Governorate | Al Jazeera TV reporter | [33] [34] [35] |
18 January 2013 | Amjed Al-Sayoufi | Saqba (east of Damascus) | Citizen journalist | [32] [35] |
18 January 2013 | Hossein Al-Qadri | Saqba (east of Damascus) | Citizen journalist | [32] |
17 January 2013 | Yves Debay | Aleppo | French-Belgian journalist for Assaut (French magazine) | [33] [35] [36] |
15 January 2013 | Ahmed Assaad Al-Shahab | Homs | Citizen journalist who was executed in a beheading by Syrian forces | [32] [35] |
13 January 2013 | Bassem Fawaz Al-Za'bi | Tafas (near Deraa) | Citizen journalist | [32] [35] |
4 January 2013 | Suhail Mahmoud Al-Ali | Damascus or Aleppo | Addounia TV | [37] [38] [39] [40] |
22 December 2012 | Haidar Smoudi (also transliterated al-Sumudi) | Damascus | Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) | [1] [41] |
12 December 2012 | Anmar Yassin Mohammad | Damascus (Mezzeh) | pro-gov Syrian News Center | [42] [43] |
6 December 2012 | Mohamed Khair Sheikh Qwaider | Arbin (east of Damascus) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
4 December 2012 | Naji Assaad | Damascus (Tadamon) | Tishreen | [44] |
30 November 2012 | Marwan Hamid Charbaji | Damascus (Daraya) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
29 November 2012 | Mohammad Koraytem | Damascus (Daraya) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
25 November 2012 | Mohamed al-Khal | Deir ez-Zor | Shaam News Network | [45] |
21 November 2012 | Basel Tawfiq Yussif | Damascus (Tadamon) | Journalist for Syria's Public Authority for Radio and Television (Syrian state TV) | [45] [46] [47] |
20 November 2012 | Huzan Abdul Halim Mahmoud | Al-Hasaka (Ras al-Ayn) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
19 November 2012 | Mohammed Al-Zaheer Al-Naimi | Damasacus (Al-Bouaida) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
18 November 2012 | Mohammed Al-Khalid | Aleppo | Media activist executed by the Free Syria Army | [1] |
17 November 2012 | Abdullah Hassan Kaaka | Unknown | Citizen journalist tortured by the government | [1] |
16 November 2012 | Mustafa Kerman | Aleppo | Citizen journalist | [1] |
5 November 2012 | Samer Khrayshi | Arbin (east of Damascus) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
2 November 2012 | Hassan Haidar Al Sheikh Hammoud | Homs | Citizen journalist | [1] |
1 November 2012 | Mohammad Khalil Al-Wakaa | Deir ez-Zor | Citizen journalist | [1] |
23 October 2012 | Anas Al-Ahmed | Unknown | Citizen journalist | [1] [48] |
20 October 2012 | Omar Abdul Razik Lattouf | Aleppo | Citizen journalist | [1] |
20 October 2012 | Mohammed Jumaa Abdul Karim Lattouf | Aleppo | Citizen journalist | [1] |
10 October 2012 | Mohammad Al-Ashram | Deir ez-Zor | Syrian News Channel (Al-Ikhbariyah TV) | [49] |
3 October 2012 | Mona Bakkour | Aleppo (Saadallah Al-Jabri Square) | Thawra | [1] |
2 October 2012 | Ahmed Ali Saada | Damascus | Citizen journalist and worked for the Syrian National Council | [1] |
27 September 2012 | Mohamad Fayad Askar | Deir ez-Zor (Al Kousour) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
26 September 2012 | Abdul Aziz Ragheb Al-Sheikh | Deir ez-Zor (Al Jabla) | Citizen journalist for Shaam News Network | [1] |
19 September 2012 | Abdul Kareem Al Okdah | Hama | Citizen journalist for Shaam News Network | [1] |
9 September 2012 | Tamer Al-Awam | Aleppo | Freelance filmmaker | [50] |
6 September 2012 | Anas Al-Abdullah | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
6 September 2012 | Tahseen Al-Toum | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
6 September 2012 | Nawaf Al-Hindi | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
4 September 2012 | Mohamed Badeer Al-Qasim | Homs | Citizen journalist who started a media center in Deir ez-Zor | [1] |
22 August 2012 | Maya Nasser | Damascus | Press TV (Iran) | [51] |
22 August 2012 | Omar Hamed al Zanil (also transliterated Omar Al Hamed Al-Zamel) | Al-Hirak, Izra' District, Daraa Governorate | Citizen journalist | [1] [52] |
22 August 2012 | Musab al-Odallah | Naher Aisha, Damascus | Tishreen | [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] |
20 August 2012 | Mika Yamamoto | Aleppo | Japanese reporter for Japan Press | [57] [58] |
11 August 2012 | Ali Abbas | Jdaidet Artouz (town), southwest of Damascus | Journalist for SANA who was killed at his home | [59] [60] [61] |
11 August 2012 | Bara'a Yusuf al-Bushi | Al-Tall | Citizen journalist | [59] [60] |
10 August 2012 | Hatem Abu Yehya | Al-Tall | Syrian News Channel (Al-Ikhbariyah TV) | [59] [62] [63] |
3 August 2012 | Mohammed al-Saeed | Jdaidet Artouz, southwest of Damascus | SANA TV presenter who was kidnapped and executed | [59] [64] |
3 August 2012 | Ahmad Salam | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [1] |
3 August 2012 | Zuhair Muhammed Al-Shaher | Deir ez-Zor | Citizen journalist | [1] |
22 July 2012 | Mahmoud Sudqi | Idlib Governorate | Citizen journalist | [65] |
19 July 2012 | Mohamed al-Husni | Al-Qusayr, Homs Governorate | Citizen journalist and director of the Media Centre in Al Qusour | [1] [66] |
18 July 2012 | Ali Juburi al-Kaabi | Damascus | Iraqi journalist working for Al Roaa (Iraq) | [67] [68] |
18 July 2012 | Falah Taha (Iraqi) | Damascus | Iraqi journalist working for Al Roaa (Iraq) | [67] [68] |
12 July 2012 | Ihsan al Buni (also transliterated Ihssan Al-Binni) | Damascus (Daraya) | Al-Thawra | [1] [69] [70] |
4 July 2012 | Suhaib Dib | Damascus | Citizen journalist | [71] [72] |
4 July 2012 | Alaa Umar Jumaa | Kansaba | Citizen journalist | [73] |
2 July 2012 | Mohamed Hamdo Hallaq | Azaz (near Aleppo) | Citizen journalist | [71] [72] |
28 June 2012 | Mohammed Ali Al Haymad | Damascus (Daraya) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
28 June 2012 | Samer Khalil Al-Sataleh (Al-Salta), aka Abou Yasser | Damascus (Douma) | Citizen journalist | [1] [71] [72] |
27 June 2012 | Mohammad Shamma | Damascus (Drousha) | Syrian News Channel (Al-Ikhbariyah TV) | [74] [75] |
27 June 2012 | Zaid Kahel | Damascus (Drousha) | Syrian News Channel (Al-Ikhbariyah TV) | [76] |
27 June 2012 | Sami Abu Amin | Damascus (Drousha) | Syrian News Channel (Al-Ikhbariyah TV) | [74] [77] |
26 June 2012 | Wael Omar Barad | Jarjaraz | Citizen journalist | [1] |
25 June 2012 | Ghias Khaled Al-Hmouria | Damascus (Douma) | Citizen journalist | [71] [72] |
21 June 2012 | Hamza Mahmoud Othman | Homs | Citizen journalist | [1] [78] |
21 June 2012 | Omar Al-Ghantawi | Homs | Citizen journalist | [71] [72] |
16 June 2012 | Ahmed Hamada | Homs (Baba Amr) | Citizen journalist | [79] |
15 June 2012 | Bassim Barakat Darwish | Al-Rastan, Homs Governorate | Citizen journalist & founder of the Rastan Media Center | [80] |
13 June 2012 | Ayham Youssef Al Hariri | Houran | Citizen journalist | [1] |
10 June 2012 | Khaled Al-Bakir (Al-Bakr) | Al-Qusayr, Homs Governorate | Citizen journalist & founder of Alaasi Revolution News Network | [79] [81] [82] |
31 May 2012 | Abdulhameed Idriss Matar | Al-Qusayr, Homs Governorate | Citizen journalist | [1] |
28 May 2012 | Bassel Shehadeh | Homs | Citizen journalist | [83] [84] [85] |
28 May 2012 | Ahmed Al Assam | Homs | Citizen journalist | [85] [86] |
27 May 2012 | Ammar Mohamed Zado (also transliterated Amar Mohamed Souheil Zada) | Damascus (Al-Midan) | director of Shaam News Network | [1] [85] [87] [88] |
27 May 2012 | Ahmed Adnan Al-Ashlaq | Damascus (Al-Midan) | Shaam News Network | [85] [87] [89] |
27 May 2012 | Lawrence Fahmy Al-Naimi | Damascus (Al-Midan) | Shaam News Network | [85] [87] [90] |
17 May 2012 | Hasan Azhari | Lattakia | Citizen journalist who was arrested, tortured, and killed in Damascus at The Military Security prison (Branch 215) | [1] |
4 May 2012 | Abdul Ghani Kaakeh | Aleppo (Salah Al-Din) | Citizen journalist | [91] [92] [93] |
17 April 2012 | Khaled Mahmoud Kabbisho | Idlib | Citizen journalist | [85] [94] [95] |
17 April 2012 | Alaa al-Din Hassan al-Douri | Hama Governorate | Citizen journalist | [85] [94] [95] |
14 April 2012 | Sameer Shalab al-Sham | Homs | Citizen journalist | [85] [95] [96] |
14 April 2012 | Ahmed Abdollah Fakhriyeh | Dumeir (northeast of Damascus), Rif Dimashq Governorate | Citizen journalist | [85] [95] |
6 April 2012 | Anas Al-Houlani | Homs | Citizen journalist | [1] |
29 March 2012 | Ahmed Mohamed Djibril | Idlib | Citizen journalist who was 17 years old at the time he was shot and killed | [1] [97] |
26 March 2012 | Walid Bledi | Darkush (near the Turkish border) | Algerian-British freelance journalist | [98] [99] [100] [101] [102] |
26 March 2012 | Naseem Intriri | Darkush (near the Turkish border) | Algerian-French freelance journalist | [98] [99] [100] [101] [102] |
26 March 2012 | Jawan Mohammed Qatna | Al-Hasakeh (Ad Darbasiyah) | Kidnapped (Kurdish) citizen journalist for Free Derbassiyeh Coordination Committee whose body was later discovered | [98] [102] |
9 March 2012 | Amr Kaaka | Doma (near Damascus) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
24 February 2012 | Abdullah Khaled Awad | Al-Qusayr, Homs Governorate | Citizen journalist | [1] |
24 February 2012 | Anas al-Tarsha | Homs (Qarabees) | Citizen journalist | [85] [103] |
22 February 2012 | Remi Ochlik | Homs | French freelance photographer for IP3 Press photo agency | [104] [105] [106] |
22 February 2012 | Marie Colvin | Homs | American journalist working for The Sunday Times (UK) | [104] [107] [108] [109] |
21 February 2012 | Rami al-Sayed | Homs (Baba Amr) | Citizen journalist | [85] [110] [111] [112] |
7 February 2012 | Mazhar Tayyara (also transliterated Madhar Amr Tayara) | Homs | Freelance journalist for Agence France-Presse (France), The Guardian (UK), Die Welt (Germany) | [113] [114] [115] [116] [117] |
5 February 2012 | Saleh Samih Murjan | Karm Zeitun (near Homs) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
27 January 2012 | Usama Burhan Idriss | Homs (Inshaatt) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
11 January 2012 | Gilles Jacquier | Homs | French citizen reporting for France 2 | [118] [119] [120] [121] |
2 January 2012 | Shoukri Ahmed Ratib Abu Bourghoul (also transliterated Shukri Ratib Abu Burghol) | Damascus (Daraya) | al-Thawra (daily) and Radio Damas | [122] [123] [124] [125] |
28 December 2011 | Muawiya Ibrahim Ayoub | Al-Rastan, Homs Governorate | Citizen journalist | [1] |
27 December 2011 | Muatassim Al-Saleh | Hama | Citizen journalist | [1] |
27 December 2011 | Basil al-Sayed | Homs (Baba Amr) | Died in an improvised hospital from a gunshot wound suffered five days earlier (Known in Homs as "the revolution's journalist") | [126] [127] |
21 December 2011 | Rami Ismail Iqbal | a Syrian prison | Citizen journalist | [1] [78] |
15 December 2011 | Bilal Jibss | Idlib (Kafr Tkharam) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
15 December 2011 | Hamza Khalid Amer | Shamseen (near Homs) | Citizen journalist | [1] |
6 December 2011 | Firas Barshan | Homs | Citizen journalist | [1] |
26 November 2011 | Nizar Adnan Humsa | Homs (Al Bayada) | Citizen journalist who died while in custody of the Syrian intelligence agency | [1] |
20 November 2011 | Ferzat Jarban | Al-Qusayr, Homs Governorate | Freelance TV camera operator | [128] [129] [130] |
5 May 2011 | Ahmed Souleymane Daheek | Talbiseh, Homs | Citizen journalist, shot | [1] [131] |
Date | Name | Location | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|
17 September 2012 | Unknown journalist killed (Unknown nationality) | Arsal, Lebanon | Journalist killed by missiles fired from a Syrian jet. | [132] |
9 April 2012 | Ali Shaaban | Wadi Khaled, Lebanon | Lebanese Camera operator for Al-Jadeed television. | [133] [134] |
Date | Name | Location | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|
16 February 2012 | Anthony Shadid | Syrian-Turkish border | American award-winning New York Times reporter who died from an asthma attack while reporting in Syria. | [135] |
Date | Name | Location | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|
29 April 2011 – 18 May 2011 | Dorothy Parvaz | Damascus | Al Jazeera. She carries Iranian, Canadian and U.S. passports. She was abducted by government forces, deported to Iran, and eventually released there. | [136] [137] |
13 December 2012 – 17 December 2012 | Richard Engel | Ma’arrat Misrin | NBC TV. American TV reporter, producer, camera operator, and two crew were abducted after an ambush and held captive for 5 days until rebels freed the team from the group of Syrian loyalists known Shabiha. | [138] |
October 2015 – 16 September 2016 | Janina Findeisen | Al-Dana | German freelance reporter for Süddeutsche Zeitung and NDR, traveled to Syria after an invitation from a friend, even though she was pregnant. She was abducted then released by Jabhat al-Nusra after a sharia court ruled her kidnapping un-Islamic. | [139] [140] [141] |
January 2017 – January 2020 | Shiraaz Mohamed | South African photojournalist for the charity Gift of the Givers, freed after three years of abduction. Believed abducted by ISIL. | [142] |
Since the start of the Syrian Civil War, all sides have used social media to try to discredit their opponents by using negative terms such as 'Syrian regime' for the government, 'armed gangs/terrorists' for the rebels, 'Syrian government/US State Department propaganda', 'biased', 'US/Western/foreign involvement'. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, given the complexity of the Syrian conflict, media bias in reporting remains a key challenge, plaguing the collection of useful data and misinforming researchers and policymakers regarding the actual events taking place.
The Free Syrian Army is a big-tent coalition of decentralized Syrian opposition rebel groups in the Syrian civil war founded on 29 July 2011 by Colonel Riad al-Asaad and six officers who defected from the Syrian Armed Forces. The officers announced that the immediate priority of the Free Syrian Army was to safeguard the lives of protestors and civilians from the deadly crackdown by Bashar al-Assad's security apparatus; with the ultimate goal of accomplishing the objectives of the Syrian revolution, namely, the end to the decades-long reign of the ruling al-Assad family. In late 2011, the FSA was the main Syrian military defectors group. Initially a formal military organization at its founding, its original command structure dissipated by 2016, and the FSA identity has since been used by various Syrian opposition groups.
Protests began in Syria as early as 26 January 2011, and erupted on 15 March 2011 with a "Day of Rage" protest generally considered to mark the start of a nationwide uprising. The Syrian government's reaction to the protests became violent on 16 March, and deadly on 18 March, when four unarmed protesters were killed in Daraa.
The following is a timeline of the Syrian uprising from September to December 2011. This period saw the uprising take on many of the characteristics of a civil war, according to several outside observers, including the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, as armed elements became better organized and began carrying out successful attacks in retaliation for the ongoing crackdown by the Syrian government on demonstrators and defectors.
The siege of Homs was a military confrontation between the Syrian military and the Syrian opposition in the city of Homs, a major rebel stronghold during the Syrian Civil War. The siege lasted three years from May 2011 to May 2014, and ultimately resulted in an opposition withdrawal from the city.
The Rif Dimashq clashes were a series of unrests and armed clashes in and around Damascus, the capital of Syria, from November 2011 until a stalemate in March 2012. The violence was part of the wider early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war. Large pro-government and anti-government protests took place in the suburbs and center of Damascus, with the situation escalating when members of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) started attacking military targets in November.
The September 2011 – March 2012 Idlib Governorate clashes were the violent incidents that took place in Idlib Governorate, a province of Syria, from September 2011 and prior to the April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation.
The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from January to April 2012, during which time the spate of protests that began in January 2011 lasted into another calendar year. An Arab League monitoring mission ended in failure as Syrian troops and anti-government militants continued to do battle across the country and the Syrian government prevented foreign observers from touring active battlefields, including besieged opposition strongholds. A United Nations-backed ceasefire brokered by special envoy Kofi Annan met a similar fate, with unarmed UN peacekeepers' movements tightly controlled by the government and fighting.
The 2012 Homs offensive was a Syrian Army offensive on the armed rebellion stronghold of Homs, within the scope of the Siege of Homs, beginning in early February 2012 and ending with the U.N. brokered cease fire on 14 April 2012.
The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from May to August 2012. The majority of death tolls reported for each day comes from the Local Coordination Committees, an opposition activist group based in Syria, and the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, another opposition group based in London.
This page provides a map and a list of cities and towns during the Syrian civil war.
The following is a timeline of the Syrian civil war from September to December 2012. Information about aggregated casualty counts is found at Casualties of the Syrian Civil War.
The 2012 murder on the Syrian-Turkish border is about two European-Algerian freelance journalists, Naseem Intriri and Walid Bledi, who were making a documentary about refugees and the Syrian civil war when they were killed during an attack on the Syrian border town of Darkush, Idlib Governorate, near the Turkish border. The Syrian government called them "infiltrators."
The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from January to April 2013. Information about aggregated casualty counts is found at Casualties of the Syrian Civil War.
The Syrian Revolution, also known as the Syrian Revolution of Dignity, was a series of mass protests and uprisings in Syria – with a subsequent violent reaction by the Syrian Arab Republic – lasting from March 2011 to December 2024, as part of the wider Arab Spring in the Arab world. The revolution, which demanded the end of the decades-long Assad family rule, began as minor demonstrations during January 2011 and transformed into large nation-wide protests in March. The uprising was marked by mass protests against the Ba'athist dictatorship of president Bashar al-Assad meeting police and military violence, massive arrests and a brutal crackdown, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths and tens of thousands wounded. 13 years after the start of the revolution, the Assad regime fell in 2024 after a series of rebel offensives.
The early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war lasted from late July 2011 to April 2012, and was associated with the rise of armed oppositional militias across Syria and the beginning of armed rebellion against the authorities of the Syrian Arab Republic. Though armed insurrection incidents began as early as June 2011 when rebels killed 120–140 Syrian security personnel, the beginning of organized insurgency is typically marked by the formation of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) on 29 July 2011, when a group of defected officers declared the establishment of the first organized oppositional military force. Composed of defected Syrian Armed Forces personnel, the rebel army aimed to remove Bashar al-Assad and his government from power.
The 2012–2013 escalation of the Syrian Civil War refers to the third phase of the Syrian Civil War, which gradually escalated from a UN-mediated cease fire attempt during April–May 2012 and deteriorated into radical violence, escalating the conflict level to a full-fledged civil war.
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