This is a list of parties to international patent treaties which are open to all states.
The list below was taken from details supplied by WIPO and the WTO. Dates quoted are the date on which the treaty came into effect for a given country.
Country | Paris | PCT | Budapest | TRIPS | PLT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | 2017-05-14 [6] | — | — | — | — | |
Albania | 1995-10-04 | 1995-10-04 | 2003-09-19 | 2000-09-08 | 2010-05-17 | |
Algeria | 1966-03-01 | 2000-03-08 | — | — | — | |
Andorra | 2004-06-02 | — | — | — | — | |
Angola | 2007-12-27 | 2007-12-27 | — | 1996-11-23 | — | |
Antigua and Barbuda | 2000-03-17 | 2000-03-17 | 2019-06-25 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Argentina | 1967-02-10 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Armenia | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 2005-03-06 | 2003-02-05 | 2013-09-17 | |
Australia | 1925-10-10 | 1980-03-31 | 1987-07-07 | 1995-01-01 | 2009-03-16 | |
Austria | 1909-01-01 [lower-alpha 2] | 1979-04-23 | 1984-04-26 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Azerbaijan | 1995-12-25 | 1995-12-25 | 2003-10-14 | — | — | |
Bahamas | 1973-07-10 | — | — | — | — | |
Bahrain | 1997-10-29 | 2007-03-18 | 2012-11-20 | 1995-01-01 | 2005-12-15 | |
Bangladesh | 1991-03-03 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Barbados | 1985-03-12 | 1985-03-12 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Belarus | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 2001-10-19 | — | 2016-10-21 | |
Belgium | 1884-07-07 | 1981-12-14 | 1983-12-15 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Belize | 2000-06-17 | 2000-06-17 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Benin | 1967-01-10 | 1987-02-26 | — | 1996-02-22 | — | |
Bhutan | 2000-08-04 | — | — | — | — | |
Bolivia | 1993-11-04 | — | — | 1995-09-12 | — | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1992-03-01 | 1996-09-07 | 2009-01-27 | — | 2012-05-09 | |
Botswana | 1998-04-15 | 2003-10-30 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Brazil | 1884-07-07 | 1978-04-09 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Brunei | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-24 | 2012-07-24 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Bulgaria | 1921-06-13 | 1984-05-21 | 1980-08-19 | 1996-12-01 | — | |
Burkina Faso | 1963-11-19 | 1989-03-21 | — | 1995-06-03 | — | |
Burundi | 1977-09-03 | — | — | 1995-07-23 | — | |
Cambodia | 1998-09-22 | 2016-12-08 | — | 2004-10-13 | — | |
Cameroon | 1964-05-10 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1995-12-13 | — | |
Canada | 1923-09-01 | 1990-01-02 | 1996-09-21 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Cape Verde | 2022-07-06 | 2022-07-06 | — | 2008-07-23 | — | |
Central African Republic | 1963-11-19 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Chad | 1963-11-19 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1996-10-19 | — | |
Chile | 1991-06-14 | 2009-06-02 | 2011-08-05 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
China | 1985-03-19 | 1994-01-01 | 1995-07-01 | 2001-12-11 | — | |
Colombia | 1996-09-03 | 2001-02-28 | 2016-07-26 | 1995-04-30 | — | |
Comoros | 2005-04-03 | 2005-04-03 | — | — | — | |
Congo, Democratic Republic | 1975-01-31 | — | — | 1997-01-01 | — | |
Congo, Republic | 1963-09-02 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1997-03-27 | — | |
Costa Rica | 1995-10-31 | 1999-08-03 | 2008-09-30 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Côte d'Ivoire | 1963-10-23 | 1991-04-30 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Croatia | 1991-10-08 | 1998-07-01 | 2000-02-25 | 2000-11-30 | 2005-04-28 | |
Cuba | 1904-11-17 | 1996-07-16 | 1994-02-19 | 1995-04-20 | — | |
Cyprus | 1966-01-17 | 1998-04-01 | — | 1995-07-30 | — | |
Czech Republic | 1993-01-01 | 1993-01-01 | 1993-01-01 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Denmark | 1894-10-01 | 1978-12-01 | 1985-07-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2005-04-28 | |
Djibouti | 2002-05-13 | 2016-09-23 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Dominica | 1999-08-07 | 1999-08-07 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Dominican Republic | 1890-07-11 | 2007-05-28 | 2007-07-03 | 1995-03-09 | — | |
Ecuador | 1999-06-22 | 2001-05-07 | — | 1996-01-21 | — | |
Egypt | 1951-07-01 | 2003-09-06 | — | 1995-06-30 | — | |
El Salvador | 1994-02-19 | 2006-08-17 | 2006-08-17 | 1995-05-07 | — | |
Equatorial Guinea | 1997-06-26 | 2001-07-17 | — | — | — | |
Eritrea | — | — | — | — | — | |
Ethiopia | — | — | — | — | — | |
Estonia | 1994-08-24 [lower-alpha 3] | 1994-08-24 | 1996-09-14 | 1999-11-13 | 2005-04-28 | |
Eswatini | 1991-05-12 | 1994-09-20 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
European Union | — | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Fiji | 2024-01-19 | — | — | 1996-01-14 | — | |
Finland | 1921-09-20 | 1980-10-01 | 1985-09-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2006-03-06 | |
France | 1884-07-07 | 1978-02-25 | 1980-08-19 | 1995-01-01 | 2010-01-05 | |
Gabon | 1964-02-29 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Gambia | 1992-01-21 | 1997-12-09 | — | 1996-10-23 | — | |
Georgia | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 2005-09-30 | 2000-06-14 | — | |
Germany | 1903-05-01 | 1978-01-24 | 1981-01-20 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Ghana | 1976-09-28 | 1997-02-26 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Greece | 1924-10-02 | 1990-10-09 | 1993-10-30 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Grenada | 1998-09-22 | 1998-09-22 | — | 1996-02-22 | — | |
Guatemala | 1998-08-18 | 2006-10-14 | 2006-10-14 | 1995-07-21 | — | |
Guinea | 1982-02-05 | 1991-05-27 | — | 1995-10-25 | — | |
Guinea-Bissau | 1988-06-28 | 1997-12-12 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Guyana | 1994-10-25 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Haiti | 1958-07-01 | — | — | 1996-01-30 | — | |
Honduras | 1994-02-04 | 2006-06-20 | 2006-06-20 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Hong Kong, China | 1997-07-01 [lower-alpha 4] | 1997-07-01 [lower-alpha 4] | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Hungary | 1909-01-01 [lower-alpha 2] | 1980-06-27 | 1980-08-19 | 1995-01-01 | 2008-03-12 | |
Iceland | 1962-05-05 | 1995-03-23 | 1995-03-23 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
India | 1998-12-07 | 1998-12-07 | 2001-12-17 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Indonesia | 1950-12-24 | 1997-09-05 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Iran | 1959-12-16 | 2013-10-04 | — | — | — | |
Iraq | 1976-12-24 | 2022-04-30 | — | — | — | |
Ireland | 1925-12-04 | 1992-08-01 | 1999-12-15 | 1995-01-01 | 2012-05-27 | |
Israel | 1950-03-24 | 1996-06-01 | 1996-04-26 | 1995-04-21 | — | |
Italy | 1884-07-07 | 1985-03-28 | 1986-03-23 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Jamaica | 1999-12-24 | 2022-02-10 [7] | — | 1995-05-09 | — | |
Japan | 1899-07-15 | 1978-10-01 | 1980-08-19 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Jordan | 1972-07-17 | 2017-06-09 | 2008-11-14 | 2000-04-11 | — | |
Kazakhstan | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 2002-04-24 | — | 2011-10-19 | |
Kenya | 1965-06-14 | 1994-06-08 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Kiribati | 2022-02-05 [8] | — | — | — | — | |
Korea, Democratic People's Republic | 1980-06-10 | 1980-07-08 | 2002-02-21 | — | — | |
Korea, Republic | 1980-05-04 | 1984-08-10 | 1988-03-28 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Kuwait | 2014-12-02 | 2016-09-09 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Kyrgyzstan | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 2003-05-17 | 1998-12-20 | 2005-04-28 | |
Laos | 1998-10-08 | 2006-06-14 | — | 2013-02-02 | — | |
Latvia | 1993-09-07 [lower-alpha 5] | 1993-09-07 | 1994-12-29 | 1999-02-10 | 2010-06-12 | |
Lebanon | 1924-09-01 | — | — | — | — | |
Lesotho | 1989-09-28 | 1995-10-21 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Liberia | 1994-08-27 | 1994-08-27 | — | — | 2017-01-04 | |
Libya | 1976-09-28 | 2005-09-15 | — | — | — | |
Liechtenstein | 1933-07-14 | 1980-03-19 | 1981-08-19 | 1995-09-01 | 2009-12-18 | |
Lithuania | 1994-05-22 | 1994-07-05 | 1998-05-09 | 2001-05-31 | 2012-02-03 | |
Luxembourg | 1922-06-30 | 1978-04-30 | 2010-07-29 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Macau, China | 1999-12-20 [lower-alpha 6] | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Madagascar | 1963-12-21 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1995-11-17 | — | |
Malawi | 1964-07-06 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Malaysia | 1989-01-01 | 2006-08-16 | 2022-06-30 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Maldives | — | — | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Mali | 1983-03-01 | 1984-10-19 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Malta | 1967-10-20 | 2007-03-01 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Mauritania | 1965-04-11 | 1983-04-13 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Mauritius | 1976-09-24 | 2023-03-15 [9] | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Mexico | 1903-09-07 | 1995-01-01 | 2001-03-21 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Federated States of Micronesia | — | — | — | — | — | |
Moldova | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | 2001-07-26 | 2005-04-28 | |
Monaco | 1956-04-29 | 1979-06-22 | 1999-01-23 | — | — | |
Mongolia | 1985-04-21 | 1991-05-27 | — | 1997-01-29 | — | |
Montenegro | 2006-06-03 | 2006-06-03 | 2006-06-03 | 2012-04-29 | 2012-03-09 | |
Morocco | 1917-07-30 | 1999-10-08 | 2011-07-20 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Mozambique | 1998-07-09 | 2000-05-18 | — | 1995-08-26 | — | |
Myanmar | — | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Namibia | 2004-01-01 | 2004-01-01 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Nauru | — | — | — | — | — | |
Nepal | 2001-06-22 | — | — | 2004-04-23 | — | |
Netherlands | 1884-07-07 [lower-alpha 7] | 1979-07-10 [lower-alpha 7] | 1987-07-02 [lower-alpha 7] | 1995-01-01 [lower-alpha 7] | 2010-10-27 [lower-alpha 8] | |
New Zealand | 1931-07-29 [lower-alpha 9] | 1992-12-01 | 2019-03-17 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Nicaragua | 1996-07-03 | 2003-03-06 | 2006-08-10 | 1995-09-03 | — | |
Niger | 1964-07-05 | 1993-03-21 | — | 1996-12-13 | — | |
Nigeria | 1963-09-02 | 2005-05-08 | — | 1995-01-01 | 2005-04-28 | |
North Macedonia | 1991-09-08 | 1995-08-10 | 2002-08-30 | 2003-04-04 | 2010-04-22 | |
Norway | 1885-07-01 | 1980-01-01 | 1986-01-01 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Oman | 1999-07-14 | 2001-10-26 | 2007-10-16 | 2000-11-09 | 2007-10-16 | |
Pakistan | 2004-07-22 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Palau | — | — | — | — | — | |
Panama | 1996-10-19 | 2012-09-07 | 2012-09-07 | 1997-09-06 | — | |
Papua New Guinea | 1999-06-15 | 2003-06-14 | — | 1996-06-09 | — | |
Paraguay | 1994-05-28 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Peru | 1995-04-11 | 2009-06-06 | 2009-01-20 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Philippines | 1965-09-27 | 2001-08-17 | 1981-10-21 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Poland | 1919-11-10 | 1990-12-25 | 1993-09-22 | 1995-07-01 | — | |
Portugal | 1884-07-07 | 1992-11-24 | 1997-10-16 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Qatar | 2000-07-05 | 2011-08-03 | 2014-03-06 | 1996-01-13 | — | |
Romania | 1920-10-06 | 1979-07-23 | 1999-09-25 | 1995-01-01 | 2005-04-28 | |
Russian Federation | 1965-07-01 [lower-alpha 1] | 1978-03-29 [lower-alpha 1] | 1981-04-22 [lower-alpha 1] | 2012-08-22 | 2009-08-12 | |
Rwanda | 1984-03-01 | 2011-08-31 | — | 1996-05-22 | — | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1995-04-09 | 2005-10-27 | — | 1996-02-21 | — | |
Saint Lucia | 1995-06-09 | 1996-10-30 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
St. Vincent & Grenadines | 1995-08-29 | 2002-08-06 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Samoa | 2013-09-21 | 2020-01-02 | — | 2012-05-10 | — | |
San Marino | 1960-03-04 | 2004-12-14 | — | — | — | |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 1998-05-12 | 2008-07-03 | — | — | — | |
Saudi Arabia | 2004-03-11 | 2013-08-03 | 2021-01-16 | 2005-12-11 | 2013-08-03 | |
Senegal | 1963-12-21 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Serbia | 1992-04-27 [lower-alpha 10] | 1997-01-02 [lower-alpha 10] | 1994-02-25 [lower-alpha 10] | — | 2010-10-20 | |
Seychelles | 2002-11-07 | 2002-11-07 | — | — | — | |
Sierra Leone | 1997-06-17 | 1997-06-17 | — | 1995-07-23 | — | |
Singapore | 1995-02-23 | 1995-02-23 | 1995-02-23 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Slovakia | 1993-01-01 | 1993-01-01 | 1993-01-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2005-04-28 | |
Slovenia | 1991-06-25 | 1994-03-01 | 1998-03-12 | 1995-07-30 | 2005-04-28 | |
Solomon Islands | — | — | — | 1996-07-26 | — | |
Somalia | — | — | — | — | — | |
South Africa | 1947-12-01 | 1999-03-16 | 1997-07-14 | 1995-01-01 | — | |
South Sudan | — | — | — | — | — | |
Spain | 1884-07-07 | 1989-11-16 | 1981-03-19 | 1995-01-01 | 2013-11-06 | |
Sri Lanka | 1952-12-29 | 1982-02-26 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Sudan | 1984-04-16 | 1984-04-16 | — | — | — | |
Suriname | 1975-11-25 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Sweden | 1885-07-01 | 1978-05-17 | 1983-10-01 | 1995-01-01 | 2007-12-27 | |
Switzerland | 1884-07-07 | 1978-01-24 | 1981-08-09 | 1995-07-01 | 2008-07-01 | |
Syria | 1924-09-01 | 2003-06-26 | — | — | — | |
Taiwan (Republic of China) | — | — | — | 2002-01-01 | — | |
Tajikistan | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | 2013-03-02 | — | |
Tanzania | 1963-06-16 | 1999-09-14 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Thailand | 2008-05-02 | 2009-09-24 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Timor Leste | — | — | — | — | — | |
Togo | 1967-09-10 | 1978-01-24 | — | 1995-05-31 | — | |
Tonga | 2001-06-14 | — | — | 2007-07-27 | — | |
Trinidad and Tobago | 1964-08-01 | 1994-03-10 | 1994-03-10 | 1995-03-01 | — | |
Tunisia | 1884-07-07 | 2001-12-10 | 2004-05-23 | 1995-03-29 | — | |
Turkey | 1925-10-10 | 1996-01-01 | 1998-11-30 | 1995-03-26 | — | |
Turkmenistan | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | — | — | — | |
Tuvalu | — | — | — | — | — | |
Uganda | 1965-06-14 | 1995-02-09 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Ukraine | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 1997-07-02 | 2008-05-16 | 2005-04-28 | |
United Arab Emirates | 1996-09-19 | 1999-03-10 | 2021-05-17 | 1996-04-10 | — | |
United Kingdom | 1884-07-07 [lower-alpha 11] | 1978-01-24 [lower-alpha 12] | 1980-12-29 [lower-alpha 13] | 1995-01-01 [lower-alpha 14] | 2006-03-22 [lower-alpha 14] | |
United States of America | 1887-05-30 | 1978-01-24 | 1980-08-19 | 1995-01-01 | 2013-12-18 | |
Uruguay | 1967-03-18 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Uzbekistan | 1991-12-25 [lower-alpha 1] | 1991-12-25 | 2002-01-12 | — | 2006-07-19 | |
Vanuatu | — | — | — | 2012-08-24 | — | |
Holy See (Vatican City) | 1960-09-29 | — | — | — | — | |
Venezuela | 1995-09-12 | — | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Vietnam | 1949-03-08 | 1993-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 2007-01-11 | — | |
Yemen | 2007-02-15 | — | — | — | — | |
Zambia | 1965-04-06 | 2001-11-15 | — | 1995-01-01 | — | |
Zimbabwe | 1980-04-18 | 1997-06-11 | — | 1995-03-05 | — | |
The World Intellectual Property Organization is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN). Pursuant to the 1967 Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization, WIPO was created to promote and protect intellectual property (IP) across the world by cooperating with countries as well as international organizations. It began operations on 26 April 1970 when the convention entered into force. The current Director General is Singaporean Daren Tang, former head of the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore, who began his term on 1 October 2020.
The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, signed in Paris, France, on 20 March 1883, was one of the first intellectual property treaties. It established a Union for the protection of industrial property. The convention is still in force in 2024. The substantive provisions of the Convention fall into three main categories: national treatment, priority right and common rules.
The Patent Law Treaty (PLT) is a treaty signed on 1 June 2000 in Geneva, Switzerland, by 53 States and the European Patent Organisation. It entered into force on April 28, 2005. It aims at harmonizing and streamlining formal procedures such as the requirements to obtain a filing date for a patent application, the form and content of a patent application, and representation. The treaty "does not establish a uniform procedure for all parties to the PLT but leaves parties free to require fewer or more user-friendly requirements than those provided in the PLT." As of February 2023, the PLT had 43 contracting states.
The Substantive Patent Law Treaty (SPLT) is a proposed international patent law treaty aimed at harmonizing substantive points of patent law. In contrast with the Patent Law Treaty (PLT), signed in 2000 and now in force, which only relates to formalities, the SPLT aims at going far beyond formalities to harmonize substantive requirements such as novelty, inventive step and non-obviousness, industrial applicability and utility, as well as sufficient disclosure, unity of invention, or claim drafting and interpretation.
The Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure, or Budapest Treaty, is an international treaty signed in Budapest, Hungary, on April 28, 1977. It entered into force on August 19, 1980, and was later amended on September 26, 1980. The treaty is administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
Intellectual property law in Romania has developed significantly in the period since the Romanian Revolution of 1989 because of the need to enforce various regional and international treaties and agreements, such as the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), the European Directives on Biotechnological Inventions, on Trademarks and Geographical Indications, and on Supplementary protection certificates, the Trademark Law Treaty, the Patent Law Treaty, and the European Union regulation on the Community Trademark, and the need to harmonize domestic patent law with the European Patent Convention (EPC) and with the European Union.
A patent application is a request pending at a patent office for the grant of a patent for an invention described in the patent specification and a set of one or more claims stated in a formal document, including necessary official forms and related correspondence. It is the combination of the document and its processing within the administrative and legal framework of the patent office.
The Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle or OAPI is an intellectual property organization, headquartered in Yaoundé, Cameroon. The organisation was created by Bangui Agreement of March 2, 1977. The Bangui Agreement was subsequently amended in 1999.
The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, usually known as the Berne Convention, was an international assembly held in 1886 in the Swiss city of Berne by ten European countries with the goal of agreeing on a set of legal principles for the protection of original work. They drafted and adopted a multi-party contract containing agreements for a uniform, border-crossing system that became known under the same name. Its rules have been updated many times since then. The treaty provides authors, musicians, poets, painters, and other creators with the means to control how their works are used, by whom, and on what terms. In some jurisdictions these type of rights are referred to as copyright; on the European continent they are generally referred to as authors' rights or makerright.
The African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO), formerly African Regional Industrial Property Organization, is an intergovernmental organization for cooperation among African states in patent and other intellectual property matters. ARIPO was established by the Lusaka Agreement of 1976. It has the capacity to hear applications for patents and registered trademarks in its member states who are parties to the Harare (patents), Banjul (marks) and Arusha protocols. ARIPO also features a protocol on the protection of traditional knowledge, the Swakopmund Protocol, signed in 2010 by 9 member states of the organization which entered into force on May 11, 2015, and was amended on December 6, 2016.
World Intellectual Property Indicators (WIPI) is an annual statistical report published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The publication provides an overview of the activity in the areas of patents, utility models, trademarks, industrial designs, microorganisms, plant variety protection, geographical indications and the creative economy.
Iran is a member of the WIPO since 2001 and has acceded to several WIPO intellectual property treaties. Iran joined the Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property in 1959. In December 2003 Iran became a party to the Madrid Agreement and the Madrid Protocol for the International Registration of Marks. In 2005 Iran joined the Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration, which ensures the protection of geographical names associated with products. As at February 2008 Iran had yet to accede to The Hague Agreement for the Protection of Industrial Designs.
The Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Law of the Government of Singapore. IPOS advises on and administers intellectual property (IP) laws, promotes IP awareness, and provides the infrastructure to facilitate the development of IP in Singapore.
The Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration, signed on 31 October 1958, ensures that in member countries, appellations of origin receive protection when are protected in their country of origin. It lays down provisions for what qualifies as an appellation of origin, protection measures and establishes an International Register of Appellations of Origin, run by the World Intellectual Property Organization. The agreement came into force in 1966, and was revised at Stockholm (1967) and amended in 1979 and 2015. As of July 2022, 39 states are party to the convention and 1000 appellations of origin has been registered.
The Madrid System, also known as the Madrid Protocol or simply Madrid, is the primary international system for facilitating the registration of trademarks in multiple jurisdictions around the world. It was established pursuant to the multilateral treaties Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks of 1891 and the Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement (1989), which has been the sole governing treaty since 2016.
Patent law in Aruba is mainly governed by the Patents Regulation, the law governing the Aruban patent. The Dutch government indicated in 2007, that the patent regulation was, to a large extent identical to the Rijksoctrooiwet.
Republic Act No. 8293, otherwise known as The Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines lays down the rules and regulations that grant, and enforce patents in the Philippines. Patents may be granted to technical solutions such as an inventions, machines, devices, processes, or an improvement of any of the foregoing. The technical solution must be novel, innovative, and industrially useful. In order for a technical solution to be granted a patent, the inventor must file an application to the Bureau of Patents, which will examine, and in some cases, grant its approval. The law is designed as to foster domestic creativity, to attract foreign investors, and to motivate inventors to release their products for public access.
The Constitution of Azerbaijan generally recognizes the right to intellectual property (IP), and ensures the protection of IP rights of all persons. In order to clarify the norm of Constitution, and establish the legal basis of the protection of intellectual property rights, the parliament of Azerbaijan approved some laws, and ratified international agreements.
The Intellectual Property Agency of Armenia (AIPA) is the patent office of Armenia. The agency works under the supervision of the Ministry of Economy of Armenia and is tasked with granting patent and IP address protections, trademarks, and copyrights for objects of industrial property, inventions and usage patterns, industrial design, and commercial and service marks, among others.
On 10 November 2021, Jamaica deposited its instrument of accession to the PCT, thus becoming the 154th Contracting State of the PCT, and on 10 February 2022, will become bound by the PCT.
On 5 November 2021, Kiribati (country code: KI) deposited its instrument of accession to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, thus bringing the total number of States party to that Convention to 178. Kiribati will become bound by the Paris Convention on 5 February 2022.
The United Kingdom extended the application of the PCT to the Isle of Man with effect from 29 October 1983.
With effect from 1 January 2021, the United Kingdom will extend the application of the PCT to the territory of Gibraltar