McLaren MP4-28

Last updated

McLaren MP4-28
Jenson Button 2013 Malaysia FP2 1.jpg
Jenson Button driving the MP4-28 at the Malaysian Grand Prix
Category Formula One
Constructor McLaren
Designer(s) Neil Oatley (Executive Engineer)
Paddy Lowe (Technical Director)
Tim Goss (Engineering Director)
Mark Williams (Head of Vehicle Engineering)
Mark Ingham (Head of Vehicle Design)
Marcin Budkowski (Head of Aerodynamics)
Doug McKiernan (Chief Aerodynamicist)
Predecessor McLaren MP4-27
Successor McLaren MP4-29
Technical specifications [1] [2]
Chassis Moulded carbon fibre composite monocoque incorporating front and side impact structures with honeycomb structure
Suspension (front)Inboard torsion bar/damper system operated by pullrod and bell crank with a double wishbone arrangement. KONI dampers
Suspension (rear)as front
Length5,080 mm (200 in)
Width1,800 mm (71 in)
Height950 mm (37 in)
Engine Mercedes-Benz FO 108F 2.4 L (146 cu in) V8 (90°). Naturally aspirated, 18,000 RPM limited with KERS, mid-mounted
Transmission McLaren 7-speed + 1 reverse sequential seamless semi-automatic paddle shift with epicyclic differential and multi-plate limited slip clutch
Weight642 kg (1,415 lb) (including driver) [3]
Fuel ExxonMobil High Performance Unleaded (5.75% bio fuel)
Mobil Synergy Fuel System
Mobil 1 lubrication
Tyres Pirelli P Zero dry slick and Pirelli Cinturato treaded intermediate and wet tyres [4]
Enkei 13" magnesium racing wheels
Clutch AP Racing electro-hydraulically operated, carbon multi-plate
Competition history
Notable entrants Vodafone McLaren Mercedes
Notable drivers5. Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Jenson Button [5]
6. Flag of Mexico.svg Sergio Pérez [6]
Debut 2013 Australian Grand Prix
Last event 2013 Brazilian Grand Prix
RacesWins Podiums Poles F/Laps
190001

The McLaren MP4-28 [7] is a Formula One racing car designed and built by the McLaren team for use in the 2013 Formula One season. The chassis was designed by Paddy Lowe, [8] Neil Oatley, Tim Goss, Mark Ingham and Marcin Budkowski and was powered by a customer Mercedes-Benz engine. It was driven by 2009 World Champion Jenson Button and Sergio Pérez, [5] [6] the latter joining the team after Lewis Hamilton moved to Mercedes. [9] The car was launched on 31 January 2013, [7] [10] as part of the team's fiftieth anniversary celebrations. [11]

Contents

The MP4-28 resulted in McLaren's worst Formula 1 performance for 33 years. It was their first season without finishing on the podium since 1980, and they never qualified in the top five - their worst since 1983. It was also the team's first season without a win since 2006 when the team raced with the MP4-21. [12]

Design

The MP4-28 features significant revisions compared to the MP4-27 as the team felt that the MP4-27 had reached the end of its development cycle, and that starting over would give the MP4-28 a wider scope for development. [13] A pullrod front suspension similar to that of the Ferrari F2012 was introduced, the sidepods were revised to improve airflow over the rear of the car, while the rear suspension geometry was reconfigured to be more aerodynamic whilst incorporating a wishbone system designed to manage rear tyre wear by adding camber to the rear wheels as the speed increases, and relax as the car decelerates. [14] The car's centre of gravity was altered by reducing the weight of the rollhoop and engine cover, allowing the team to raise the car's nose. The profile of the chassis was streamlined with the addition of a "vanity plate" to cover the "stepped" design seen throughout 2012. [1] By contrast, the Lotus E21 was launched without a vanity plate, as the team felt that it was a purely cosmetic feature that added unnecessary weight; [15] McLaren, on the other hand, described the weight change and aerodynamic benefits as a "non-issue". [1]

By the team's own admission, the launch version of the MP4-28 contained some parts—including the exhaust, floor and front wing assembly—that had been carried over from its predecessor, the MP4-27, but new parts would be added throughout the winter testing programme. Despite the outward similarities to the MP4-27, Jenson Button described the internal design of the MP4-28 as having been completely re-worked. [16]

Testing

Perez in the MP4-28 during winter tests at Jerez, in 2013 McLaren MP4-28 Perez Barcelona Test 2 (cropped).jpg
Pérez in the MP4-28 during winter tests at Jerez, in 2013

The MP4-28 displayed significant speed during winter testing at Jerez de la Frontera, leading to speculation that the car would be an early championship contender. However, it was soon discovered that this speed was a result of a suspension component being incorrectly fitted on Jenson Button's car, which created an extremely low ride height that in turn led to the fast lap times. The team was forced to install the offending part properly as continuing to run the car in such a configuration would prove to be impossible. [17]

Competition history

The McLaren MP4-28 faced a difficult debut in Australia, with the team admitting that they did not truly understand the way the car behaved under race conditions. [18] Jenson Button qualified in tenth place, whilst Sergio Pérez started in fifteenth. Button and Pérez went on to finish the race in ninth and eleventh place respectively, on the lead lap, but some eighty seconds behind race winner Kimi Räikkönen. [19] Button was critical of the car, claiming that it could not win a Grand Prix without extensive development work. [20] Following the race, team principal Martin Whitmarsh described his willingness to abandon the MP4-28 altogether and instead revert to using the McLaren MP4-27 if the team felt they could not solve the MP4-28's issues, [21] but that the team's preference was to concentrate on developing the MP4-28 for the time being. [22] [23]

At the next race in Malaysia, the team expressed confidence that they could improve the car, claiming that the bumpy nature of the Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit had exaggerated the car's flaws, and so were expecting the smoother surface of the Sepang circuit to be much more representative of the car's performance. [24] Jenson Button qualified eighth and briefly led the race, until a mistake during his final pit stop cost him several positions. The team decided to retire the car instead of continue, and Button was ultimately classified seventeenth as he had completed 90% of the race distance. [25] Sergio Pérez qualified tenth and finished ninth overall, setting the fastest lap time after making an unscheduled stop late in the race. The team recovered in China, [26] with Button finishing fifth overall and the ten points he received elevating the team from seventh to fifth place in the World Constructors' Championship, drawing level with Force India. Both Button and Pérez scored points at the Bahrain Grand Prix, [27] ahead of the car's first major updates in Spain. Despite the team playing down the expected gains from the upgrades, [28] the package nevertheless proved to be disappointing, [29] and McLaren elected to postpone the introduction of some parts amid concerns about their legality. [30] Button and Pérez finished the race in eighth and ninth place respectively, with Button describing the team's performances as being "a bit embarrassing" and admitting that whatever gains the team had made had been marginalised by the development schedules of other teams, who had also used the race to introduce their first major updates for the season. [31] Commentators noted that during the race, Button's fastest lap time was just five hundredths of a second faster than Max Chilton's best lap time set in the Marussia MR02, [32] a car that qualified on the back row of the grid for the race. [33]

Gary Paffett testing the MP4-28 at Silverstone Gary Paffett McLaren 2013 Silverstone F1 Test 014.jpg
Gary Paffett testing the MP4-28 at Silverstone

After securing a sixth-place finish in Monaco, [34] the team faced their most difficult race of the season in Canada, with Pérez and Button finishing in eleventh and twelfth place respectively, [35] bringing about an end to their record of sixty-four consecutive points finishes; the last time McLaren had failed to score a points finish was at the 2009 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix. The team once again failed to score points in the British Grand Prix, with Button achieving a lowly thirteenth place and Pérez being classified twentieth after falling victim to an explosive tyre puncture late in the race. [36] The team returned to the points in Germany, with Button finishing sixth and Pérez eighth. [37] The result moved the team to within ten points of Force India in the World Constructors' Championship. Button was critical of Caterham drivers Charles Pic and Giedo van der Garde, accusing them of being too slow when moving aside as he lapped them and costing him a fifth-place finish by allowing Lewis Hamilton to catch and pass him on the last lap. [38]

Button and Perez at the Japanese Grand Prix McLaren, No.5 Jenson Button (vs No.6 Sergio Perez) (10666318666).jpg
Button and Pérez at the Japanese Grand Prix

At the Indian GP, Pérez recorded a season-best 5th-place finished just four seconds shy of the podium, a result that left him "extremely satisfied". Button finished in 14th place. [39]

After the Brazilian Grand Prix, McLaren became the first ever team to have classified both cars at every race of the season, despite Pérez having not finished two races and Button having retired in Malaysia, repeating that feat in MCL38 in 2024. [40]

Due to the team deeming his performance inadequate, Pérez left the team and joined Force India, with Kevin Magnussen being named as his replacement. [41]

Sponsorship and livery

The Verizon logo visible on the sidepod of Button's MP4-28 at the United States Grand Prix US Grand Prix - Friday Practice (10892530953).jpg
The Verizon logo visible on the sidepod of Button's MP4-28 at the United States Grand Prix

This was the last McLaren Formula One car to feature Vodafone as their main sponsor since the deal began in 2007. McLaren used Vodafone logos in all but two races. It was replaced by Zain at the Bahrain Grand Prix, and by Verizon at the United States Grand Prix.

Later uses

Following the conclusion of the 2018 season, 7-time NASCAR Cup Series champion Jimmie Johnson drove the MP4-28 in MCL33 livery at the Bahrain International Circuit.

In 2022, 1978 World Drivers' Champion Mario Andretti demonstrated the MP4-28 in MCL36 livery at the Laguna Seca circuit.

Complete Formula One results

(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

YearEntrantEngineTyresDriversGrands PrixPointsWCC
AUS MAL CHN BHR ESP MON CAN GBR GER HUN BEL ITA SIN KOR JPN IND ABU USA BRA
2013 Vodafone McLaren Mercedes Mercedes-Benz
FO 108F		 P Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Jenson Button 917†5108612136761078914121041225th
Flag of Mexico.svg Sergio Pérez 119116916†1120†891112810155976
Sources: [42]

† Driver failed to finish the race, but was classified as they had completed greater than 90% of the race distance.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2011 Formula One World Championship</span> 62nd season of the FIA Formula One World Championship

The 2011 FIA Formula One World Championship was the 65th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. The original calendar for the 2011 Formula One World Championship consisted of twenty rounds, including the inaugural running of the Indian Grand Prix before the cancellation of the Bahrain Grand Prix. Pirelli returned to the sport as tyre supplier for all teams, taking over from Bridgestone, marking their return to Formula One for the first time since the 1991 season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 Italian Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2010 Italian Grand Prix was the fourteenth round of the 2010 Formula One season. It was held in Autodromo Nazionale di Monza, Monza, Italy on 12 September 2010. Ferrari's Fernando Alonso won the race from pole position, taking Ferrari's first win on home soil since 2006 and their last until 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Formula One World Championship</span> 63rd season of the FIA Formula One World Championship

The 2012 FIA Formula One World Championship was the 66th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 63rd FIA Formula One World Championship, a motor racing series for Formula One cars, recognised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) – the governing body of motorsport – as the highest class of competition for open-wheel racing cars. The championship was contested over twenty rounds, which started in Australia on 18 March and ended in Brazil on 25 November. The 2012 season saw the return of the United States Grand Prix, which was held at the Circuit of the Americas, a purpose-built circuit in Austin, Texas. After being cancelled in 2011 due to civil protests, the Bahrain Grand Prix also returned to the calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 United States Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2012 United States Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Circuit of the Americas in Travis County, near Austin, Texas on November 18, 2012. The race, run over fifty-six laps, was the penultimate round of the 2012 championship. It was the inaugural race at the circuit, and the first time the United States Grand Prix had been held since 2007. On Sunday a capacity crowd of 117,429 watched the race around the brand new 20-turn circuit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2011 Korean Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2011 Korean Grand Prix, formally the 2011 Formula 1 Korean Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race that was held on 16 October 2011 at the Korea International Circuit in Yeongam, South Jeolla, South Korea. It was the sixteenth round of the 2011 Formula One season, the second running of the Korean Grand Prix, and the first race after Sebastian Vettel claimed the 2011 World Drivers' Championship.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2011 Malaysian Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2011 Malaysian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 10 April 2011 at the Sepang International Circuit in Selangor, Malaysia. It was the second round of the 2011 Formula One season. The 56-lap race was won by Red Bull Racing driver Sebastian Vettel after starting from pole position. Jenson Button finished second in a McLaren, and Nick Heidfeld completed the podium for Renault, in third place.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Australian Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2012 Australian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 18 March 2012 as the opening round of the 2012 Formula One season. It was the 77th race in the combined history of the Australian Grand Prix that dates back to the 100 Miles Road Race of 1928, and the 17th time the event has been held at the Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit at Albert Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 British Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2012 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race that took place at the Silverstone Circuit in Northamptonshire and Buckinghamshire, England on 8 July 2012. It was the ninth round of the 2012 Formula One season, the 63rd time the event had been a round of the Formula One World Championship, and the 67th time it had been contested overall. The 52-lap race was won by Red Bull driver Mark Webber, who took his second victory of the season. The Ferrari of Fernando Alonso, who started the race in pole position, finished 3.0 seconds behind Webber, in second. Webber's teammate, Sebastian Vettel, completed the podium by finishing in third position.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Indian Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2012 Indian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 28 October 2012 at the Buddh International Circuit in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. The race was the seventeenth round of the 2012 championship, and marked the second running of the Indian Grand Prix.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Italian Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2012 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race that took place at the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza in Monza, Italy on 9 September 2012. It was the thirteenth race of the 2012 season, and the final race in Europe before the teams returned to Asia for the Singapore Grand Prix.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Korean Grand Prix</span> 16th round of the 2012 Formula One season

The 2012 Korean Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race that was the sixteenth round of the 2012 Formula One season. It was held on 14 October 2012 at the Korea International Circuit near Yeongam in South Korea's South Jeolla Province. The race marked the third running of the Korean Grand Prix.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Malaysian Grand Prix</span> 2nd round of the 2012 Formula One season

The 2012 Malaysian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 25 March 2012 at the Sepang International Circuit in Selangor, Malaysia. It was the fourteenth running of the Malaysian Grand Prix as a round of the Formula One World Championship, and the thirty-second time the event has been held. The 56-lap race was the second round of the 2012 Formula One season and was won by Ferrari driver Fernando Alonso. Sergio Pérez of the Sauber team finished the race in second position, and McLaren driver Lewis Hamilton completed the podium with third place after starting in pole position.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Japanese Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2012 Japanese Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race that took place at the Suzuka Circuit in Mie Prefecture, Japan on 7 October 2012 at 15:00 local time. The race was the fifteenth round of the 2012 season, and marked the 38th running of the Japanese Grand Prix.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">McLaren MP4-27</span> Formula One car for 2012 season

The McLaren MP4-27 is a Formula One racing car designed by Vodafone McLaren Mercedes for the 2012 Formula One season. The chassis was designed by Paddy Lowe, Neil Oatley, Tim Goss, Andrew Bailey and John Iley and was powered by a customer Mercedes-Benz engine. The car was driven by former World Champions Jenson Button and Lewis Hamilton. It was launched on 1 February at the McLaren team base in Woking, Surrey, ahead of the first winter test sessions at Jerez de la Frontera. This was the last McLaren car that Lewis Hamilton drove for the team, as he moved to the Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team in 2013. This was also the last McLaren Formula One car to win a race until the McLaren MCL35M did so in 2021 and the last to win more than one Grand Prix in a season until the MCL38 of 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lotus E20</span> Formula One racing car

The Lotus E20 is a Formula One racing car designed and produced by the Enstone-based Lotus F1 Team for the 2012 Formula One season. The chassis was designed by James Allison, Naoki Tokunaga, Martin Tolliday and Dirk de Beer with Renault continuing to supply engines. The E20 was the twentieth Formula One car to be designed at Enstone since 1992, and was named in tribute to the contribution made by the facility and its personnel in their twenty-year history. The car was also the first from Enstone to carry the Lotus name, since the team ceased using the Renault name following their renaming from Lotus Renault GP at the end of 2011. The car, which was launched by the team on its website on 5 February 2012, was driven by 2007 World Drivers' Champion Kimi Räikkönen and reigning GP2 Series champion Romain Grosjean, both of whom returned to Formula One after a two-year absence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2013 Bahrain Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 2013 Bahrain Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 21 April 2013 at the Bahrain International Circuit in Sakhir, Bahrain. Mercedes' Nico Rosberg started the race from pole. Sebastian Vettel won the race, with Lotus F1 drivers Kimi Räikkönen and Romain Grosjean completing the podium meaning the top 3 finishers were identical to the 2012 event in the same order.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marussia MR02</span> Formula One motor racing car

The Marussia MR02 is a Formula One racing car designed under the leadership of Marussia's Technical Director Pat Symonds. It made its competitive debut in the 2013 Formula One season where it was driven by debutant drivers Max Chilton and Jules Bianchi, who replaced Luiz Razia, the team's original choice for the seat. The car was launched at the Circuito de Jerez on 5 February, making the MR02 the first car that Marussia has completed in time to start winter testing. As of the 2024 Formula One season, the Marussia MR02 is the last F1 car to be powered by an engine designed by Cosworth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">McLaren MP4-29</span> Formula One racing car for 2014 season

The McLaren MP4-29 was a Formula One racing car designed and built by McLaren to compete in the 2014 Formula One season. The chassis was designed by Tim Goss, Neil Oatley, Matt Morris, Mark Ingham and Marcin Budkowski and was powered by a customer Mercedes-Benz powertrain. The car was unveiled on 24 January 2014, and was driven by 2009 World Drivers' Champion Jenson Button and debutant Kevin Magnussen, who replaced Sergio Pérez, after he won the 2013 Formula Renault 3.5 Series title.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">McLaren MP4-30</span> 2015 Formula One racing car

The McLaren MP4-30 was a Formula One racing car designed by Tim Goss and Neil Oatley for McLaren to compete in the 2015 Formula One season. The car was driven by 2005 and 2006 World Drivers' Champion Fernando Alonso, who returned to McLaren eight years after he last drove for the team and 2009 World Champion Jenson Button. Kevin Magnussen, who drove for the team in 2014, temporarily stood in for Alonso after a test accident. Additional testing and development work was carried out by Magnussen, Stoffel Vandoorne and Oliver Turvey. The car was the first built by McLaren since the MP4/7A—which contested the 1992 season—to be powered by a Honda engine, known as the RA615H, after McLaren ended their twenty-year partnership with Mercedes at the end of the 2014 season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Formula One World Championship</span> 65th season of FIA Formula One World Championship

The 2014 FIA Formula One World Championship was the 68th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 65th Formula One World Championship, a motor racing championship for Formula One cars, recognised by the sport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of competition for open-wheel racing cars. The season commenced in Australia on 16 March and concluded in Abu Dhabi on 23 November. In the nineteen Grands Prix of the season, a total of eleven teams and twenty-four drivers competed for the World Drivers' and World Constructors' championships. The season was the first Formula One season since 1994 to see an accident with fatal consequences as Jules Bianchi died on 17 July 2015 after spending nine months in a coma following a crash at the 2014 Japanese Grand Prix.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Collins, Sam (31 January 2013). "McLaren MP4-28". Racecar Engineering. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  2. ↑ "Technical".
  3. ↑ "FIA Formula 1 Technical Regulations", formula1.com, Formula One Group , retrieved 7 January 2013
  4. ↑ Noble, Jonathan; Beer, Matt (11 December 2013). "F1 teams expert enough to avoid early tyre struggles – Ross Brawn". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications . Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  5. 1 2 Elizalde, Pablo (5 October 2011). "Button secures new multi-year contract at McLaren". Autosport . Haymarket Publications . Retrieved 5 October 2011.
  6. 1 2 Collantine, Keith (28 September 2012). "Perez takes place of Mercedes-bound Hamilton at McLaren". F1 Fanatic. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  7. 1 2 "McLaren to launch 2013 car on January 31". formula1.com. Formula One Management . Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  8. ↑ "McLaren says Lowe is staying for 2013". autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  9. ↑ Cary, Tom (28 September 2012). "Lewis Hamilton to join Mercedes in $100m move from McLaren, signing a three-year deal". Telegraph.co.uk. The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  10. ↑ Esler, William (20 December 2012). "McLaren will launch the MP4-28 on Thursday 31st January". Sky Sports F1 . BSkyB. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  11. ↑ "2013: celebrating 50 years of McLaren". mclaren.com. McLaren Group. 22 January 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2013. It's all a long way from that small south London lock-up back in 1963. But Bruce wouldn't wish for us to merely look backwards without looking forwards, too. Accordingly, echoes of our past will reverberate throughout a series of unique events and celebrations to be held across our anniversary year. From the McLaren 50 logos we'll proudly sport on our team shirts, through our specially commissioned heritage video features, to the launch of our new MP4-28 Formula 1 car with Jenson Button and Sergio Perez on January 31st, every lap, every corner, every mile and every road we take will be an opportunity to revel in McLaren's present while recalling our 50-year past.
  12. ↑ Merlino, Michele. "Stats: Webber's final F1 tally - F1 - Autosport Plus".
  13. ↑ Collantine, Keith (31 January 2013). "McLaren MP4-28 and MP4-27 compared". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  14. ↑ Anderson, Gary (31 January 2013). "Formula 1 – Gary Anderson analyses new McLaren MP4-28". BBC F1. BBC . Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  15. ↑ Collantine, Keith (28 January 2013). "Lotus E21 launch: First pictures and video". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  16. ↑ "McLaren Mercedes reveals the MP4-28". Speedcafe.com. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  17. ↑ Cooper, Adam (16 March 2013). "How a factory mistake made McLaren unrealistically fast in Jerez test". Adam Cooper's F1 Blog. WordPress . Retrieved 17 March 2013.
  18. ↑ Collantine, Keith (17 March 2013). "McLaren will "look at anything" but see no quick fix". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
  19. ↑ "Raikkonen opens F1 season with Melbourne win". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Reuters. 17 March 2013. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
  20. ↑ Weaver, Paul (17 March 2013). "'This McLaren won't win a race' – Jenson Button's brutal F1 assessment". The Guardian . Guardian News and Media . Retrieved 20 March 2013.
  21. ↑ Bartholomaeus, Stefan (18 March 2013). "McLaren not ruling out abandoning 2013 car". Speedcafe.com. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
  22. ↑ Noble, Jonathan (18 March 2013). "McLaren rules out reverting to 2012 F1 car despite early struggles". Autosport.com. Haymarket Media Group. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  23. ↑ Weaver, Paul (23 March 2013). "McLaren principal Martin Whitmarsh takes blame for uncompetitive car". The Guardian . Guardian News and Media . Retrieved 24 March 2013. Whitmarsh did not take the opportunity to dispel stories that the team may yet revert to last year's car. 'I can categorically kill it off – for the time being. We're making progress. We're working hard to understand this car, to improve and develop it and turn it into a race winning car.'
  24. ↑ "McLaren certain 2013 car will win". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 23 March 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
  25. ↑ "2013 Formula 1 Petronas Malaysia Grand Prix — Results". Formula1.com. Formula One Administration. 24 March 2013. Archived from the original on 4 May 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
  26. ↑ "2013 Formula 1 UBS Chinese Grand Prix — Results". Formula1.com. Formula One Administration. 14 April 2013. Archived from the original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
  27. ↑ "2013 Formula 1 Gulf Air Bahrain Grand Prix — results". Formula1.com. Formula One Administrations. 21 April 2013. Archived from the original on 23 April 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
  28. ↑ Noble, Jonathan (3 May 2013). "Button cautious about McLaren's upgrades for the Spanish GP the package". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications . Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  29. ↑ Beer, Matt (11 May 2013). "Spanish GP: Jenson Button says McLaren updates nowhere near enough". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications . Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  30. ↑ Straw, Edd (11 May 2013). "Spanish GP: McLaren shelved new wing amid legality doubt". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications . Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  31. ↑ "Spanish GP: Jenson Button says McLaren's form is 'embarrassing'". BBC F1. BBC. 12 May 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  32. ↑ Collantine, Keith (12 May 2013). "2013 Spanish Grand Prix lap charts". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  33. ↑ "Rosberg leads Mercedes front row sweep in Spain". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  34. ↑ Collantine, Keith (26 May 2013). "2013 Monaco Grand Prix result". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
  35. ↑ Collantine, Keith (9 June 2013). "2013 Canadian Grand Prix result". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
  36. ↑ "2013 Formula 1 Santander British Grand Prix — Provisional Results". Formula1.com. Formula One Administration. 30 June 2013. Archived from the original on 6 July 2013. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
  37. ↑ "Formula 1 Grosser Preis Santander von Deutschland 2013". Formula1.com. Formula One Administration. 7 July 2013. Archived from the original on 19 July 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
  38. ↑ Anderson, Ben; Straw, Edd (7 July 2013). "German GP: Jenson Button says Caterhams destroyed McLaren's race". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications . Retrieved 8 July 2013.
  39. ↑ "India — selected team and driver quotes". Formula1.com. Formula One Administration. 27 October 2013. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  40. ↑ "Brazilian GP: McLaren race quotes". Autosport . 25 November 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  41. ↑ "Magnussen takes Perez's spot". ESPN . London. Associated Press. 14 November 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  42. ↑ "All championship race entries, in a McLaren MP4/28". ChicaneF1. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
    "McLaren MP4-28". StatsF1. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
    "Classifications". Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile. Archived from the original on 20 December 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.