Formation | 1926 |
---|---|
Headquarters | Norwich |
Membership | 35,500 |
Website | Norfolk Wildlife Trust website |
The Norfolk Wildlife Trust (NWT) is one of 46 wildlife trusts covering Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Isle of Man and Alderney. [1] Founded in 1926, it is the oldest of all the trusts. It has over 35,500 members and eight local groups and it manages more than fifty nature reserves and other protected sites. [a] It also gives conservation advice to individuals and organisations, provides educational services to young people on field trips and organises entertainment and information events at nature reserves. [2] The NWT reserves include twenty-six Sites of Special Scientific Interests, nine national nature reserves, twelve Nature Conservation Review sites, sixteen Special Areas of Conservation, twelve Special Protection Areas, eleven Ramsar sites, two local nature reserves, four Geological Conservation Review sites and five which are in Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Norfolk is a county in East Anglia. It has an area of 2,074 square miles (5,370 square kilometres) [3] and a population as of mid-2017 of 898,400. [4] The top level of local government is Norfolk County Council with seven second tier councils: Breckland District Council, Broadland District Council, Great Yarmouth Borough Council, King's Lynn and West Norfolk Borough Council, North Norfolk District Council, Norwich City Council and South Norfolk District Council. [5] The county is bounded by Cambridgeshire, Suffolk, Lincolnshire and the North Sea. [3]
Public access
Other classifications |
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Site | Photograph | Area [b] | Location [b] | Public access | Classifications | Description |
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Alderfen Broad [6] | 20 hectares (49 acres) | Norwich 52°43′26″N1°28′59″E / 52.724°N 1.483°E TG 353 197 | YES | Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [10] | This area of fenland peat has open water, carr woodland and reedswamp. Breeding birds include the great crested grebe, water rail, common grasshopper warbler and reed warbler. [11] | |
Barton Broad [12] | 164 hectares (410 acres) | Norwich 52°43′59″N1°28′44″E / 52.733°N 1.479°E TG 350 207 | YES | NCR, [13] NNR, [14] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA [9] SSSI [15] | The Broad was created in the Middle Ages by digging for peat and the River Ant was later diverted through it, which allowed navigation. It has diverse aquatic plants and fish, and the surrounding fens have nationally rare plants and invertebrates. [12] | |
Booton Common [16] | 8 hectares (20 acres) | Norwich 52°45′43″N1°07′37″E / 52.762°N 1.127°E TG 111 228 | YES | SAC, [17] SSSI [18] | The common has diverse habitats, including wet calcareous fen grassland, acid heath, tall fen, alder woodland and a stream. Wet hollows are floristically rich and there are a variety of breeding birds. [19] | |
Cley Marshes [20] | 160 hectares (400 acres) | Holt 52°57′14″N1°03′22″E / 52.954°N 1.056°E TG 054 440 | FEE | AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [23] Ramsar, [24] SAC, [25] SPA, [26] SSSI [27] | This is the NWT's oldest reserve, purchased in 1926 as a bird sanctuary. It has saline lagoons, a shingle beach, grazing marshes and reedbeds, which support many wintering and migrating wildfowl and waders. [20] | |
Cockshoot Broad [28] | 5 hectares (12 acres) | Norwich 52°41′42″N1°27′58″E / 52.695°N 1.466°E TG 343 165 | YES | NCR, [29] NNR [30] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA [9] SSSI [31] | The water quality of this broad is very high and it has large beds of water lilies, which provide habitats for many insects, including red-eyed and variable damselflies. [28] | |
East Winch Common [32] | 31 hectares (77 acres) | King's Lynn 52°42′58″N0°30′43″E / 52.716°N 0.512°E TF 698 161 | YES | SSSI [33] | This site is mainly wet acid heath on peat, and it is dominated by heather and cross-leaved heath. There are many wet hollows, which have diverse fen and mire flora, and areas of young woodland. [34] | |
East Wretham Heath [35] | 143 hectares (350 acres) | Thetford 52°27′47″N0°48′50″E / 52.463°N 0.814°E TL 913 887 | YES | NCR, [36] SAC, [37] SPA, [38] SSSI [39] | The principal ecological interest of this site lies in areas of Breckland grassland and two meres, which are supplied by ground water and fluctuate irregularly. These conditions have led to unusual plant communities which are tolerant of alternate wetting and drying, such as reed canary grass and amphibious bistort. [40] | |
Foxley Wood [41] | 123 hectares (300 acres) | Dereham 52°45′54″N1°02′10″E / 52.765°N 1.036°E TG 049 229 | YES | NCR, [42] NNR, [43] SSSI [44] | This is the largest area of ancient woodland in the county. The flora is diverse, with more than 250 species recorded, and invertebrates include several rare butterflies, such as the purple emperor and white admiral. [45] | |
Hethel Old Thorn [46] | 0.025 hectares (0.062 acres) | Norwich 52°33′32″N1°12′04″E / 52.559°N 1.201°E TG 171 005 | YES | This is the smallest wildlife trust nature reserve in Britain, consisting of one ancient hawthorn tree, which may date to the thirteenth century. In 1755 its girth was recorded as 9 feet 1 inch (2.77 metres) and it has now decayed to a much smaller size, but it is still healthy. [46] | ||
Hickling Broad [47] | 600 hectares (1,500 acres) | Norwich 52°44′35″N1°35′46″E / 52.743°N 1.596°E TG 428 222 | FEE | AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [48] NNR, [49] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [50] | This is the largest of The Broads, and it has large breeding populations of waterbirds. Rare insects include the swallowtail and Norfolk hawker dragonfly, and there are mammals such as red deer and Chinese water deer. [47] | |
Hoe Rough [51] | 12 hectares (30 acres) | Dereham 52°42′47″N0°55′37″E / 52.713°N 0.927°E TF 978 168 | YES | SSSI [52] | This is a mixture of grassland and wet fen. Around 200 species of invertebrates have been recorded, including the rare great crested newt. Notable plants include green-winged and early marsh orchids. [51] | |
Holme Dunes [53] | 192 hectares (470 acres) | Hunstanton 52°58′26″N0°33′04″E / 52.974°N 0.551°E TF 714 449 | FEE | AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [23] NNR, [54] Ramsar, [24] SAC, [25] SPA, [26] SSSI [27] | This site provides a refuge for many migrating birds such as northern wheatears, wrynecks, yellow-browed warblers and barred warblers. Other fauna include natterjack toads, butterflies and dragonflies. [53] | |
Honeypot Wood [55] | 10 hectares (25 acres) | Dereham 52°41′31″N0°51′36″E / 52.692°N 0.860°E TF 934 143 | YES | SSSI [56] | This is an ancient coppiced wood on calcareous soil. It has a rich ground layer, which is dominated by dog's mercury, and other flora include greater butterfly-orchid and broad-leaved helleborine. A total of 208 plant species have been recorded. [57] | |
Lolly Moor [58] | 3 hectares (7.4 acres) | Dereham 52°39′14″N0°56′38″E / 52.654°N 0.944°E TF 992 103 | YES | This site has wet grassland, scrub and alder carr. Flora include cowslip, lesser celandine, southern marsh orchid, marsh helleborine and common twayblade. [58] | ||
Lower Wood, Ashwellthorpe [59] | 37 hectares (91 acres) | Norwich 52°32′10″N1°09′29″E / 52.536°N 1.158°E TM 143 978 | YES | SSSI [60] | This ancient wood on chalky boulder clay has a diverse ground flora with uncommon species such as wood spurge, early-purple orchid, common twayblade, ramsons, water avens and woodruff. [61] | |
Martham Broad [62] | 60 hectares (150 acres) | Great Yarmouth 52°43′26″N1°39′00″E / 52.724°N 1.650°E TG 466 203 | YES | NNR, [63] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [50] | This reserve is composed of two shallow broads divided by the River Thurne, together with fen, reedbeds and marshes. There are a number of bat species and breeding birds include bearded tits, common terns, Cetti's warblers and marsh harriers. [62] | |
Narborough Railway Line [64] | 8 hectares (20 acres) | King's Lynn 52°40′34″N0°35′13″E / 52.676°N 0.587°E TF 750 118 | PL | SSSI [65] | This nineteenth-century embankment is probably the most ecologically diverse chalk grassland site in the county, with many flowering plants which attract a wide range of butterflies. There is also a variety of mosses and molluscs. [66] | |
New Buckenham Common [67] | 37 hectares (91 acres) | Norwich 52°28′19″N1°04′34″E / 52.472°N 1.076°E TM 090 905 | YES | SSSI [68] | This unimproved grassland is traditionally managed by grazing. It has the largest colony of green-winged orchids in the county, and there are a stream and pool which have aquatic plants. [69] | |
Pigneys Wood [70] | 23.5 hectares (58 acres) | North Walsham 52°50′13″N1°24′25″E / 52.837°N 1.407°E TG 296 321 | YES | LNR [71] | This wood has 40 different species of trees, most of which have been planted since 1993, but there is a 450-year old oak. There is also a range of birds, butterflies and dragonflies. Mammals include otters, water voles and European badgers. [70] | |
Ranworth Broad [72] | 136 hectares (340 acres) | Norwich 52°40′55″N1°29′13″E / 52.682°N 1.487°E TG 358 151 | YES | NCR, [29] NNR [30] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [31] | Many species of birds can be seen from the floating Broads Wildlife Centre such as great crested grebes, wigeons, gadwalls, kingfishers and cormorants. There are also areas of woodland and reedbeds. [72] | |
Ringstead Downs [73] | 11 hectares (27 acres) | Hunstanton 52°55′44″N0°32′13″E / 52.929°N 0.537°E TF 706 399 | YES | AONB, [74] SSSI [75] | This is a dry chalk valley which was carved out by glacial meltwaters It is species-rich as it has never been ploughed, and it is the largest surviving area of chalk downland surviving in the county. The butterflies are diverse. [76] | |
Roydon Common and Grimston Warren [77] | 365 hectares (900 acres) | King's Lynn 52°46′37″N0°30′58″E / 52.777°N 0.516°E TF 698 229 | YES | NCR, [78] NNR, [79] Ramsar, [80] SAC, [81] SSSI [82] | The common is described by Natural England as "one of the best examples in Britain of a lowland mixed valley mire". It has diverse habitats, including wet acid heath, calcareous fen and dry heath on acid sands. There are rare plants, birds and insects, including the black darter dragonfly. [83] | |
Salthouse Marshes [84] | 66 hectares (160 acres) | Holt 52°57′22″N1°05′53″E / 52.956°N 1.098°E TG 082 443 | YES | AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [23] Ramsar, [24] SAC, [25] SPA, [26] SSSI [27] | This site has grazing marsh and small pools. Birds include snow buntings, Lapland buntings, little egrets, shore larks and barn owls. [84] | |
Scarning Fen [85] | 4 hectares (9.9 acres) | Dereham 52°40′12″N0°55′41″E / 52.670°N 0.928°E TF 981 121 | YES | NCR, [86] SAC, [17] SSSI [87] | This small reserve has chalky valley mire, carr and grassland. Twenty-nine nationally scarce invertebrates have been recorded, and it is the only site in the county for the small red damselfly. There are a number of rare plants, including liverworts and mosses. [85] | |
Sparham Pools [88] | 12.2 hectares (30 acres) | Norwich 52°43′05″N1°04′16″E / 52.718°N 1.071°E TG 075 178 | YES | These former gravel pits are now pools which have several islands. Wildfowl include shoveler, gadwall, mallard and tufted duck. Sand martins and kingfishers breed on the banks and common terns on the islands. [88] | ||
Syderstone Common [89] | 24 hectares (59 acres) | King's Lynn 52°51′07″N0°43′19″E / 52.852°N 0.722°E TF 834 318 | YES | SSSI [90] | The common has heath and grassland areas in the valley of the River Tat. Pools on sand and gravel provide suitable habitats for five species of breeding amphibians, including the nationally rare natterjack toad. [91] | |
Thompson Common [92] | 140 hectares (350 acres) | Attleborough 52°37′59″N0°51′36″E / 52.633°N 0.860°E TL 941 966 | YES | LNR, [93] NCR [94] SAC, [17] SSSI [95] | This grassland site in the valley of a tributary of the River Wissey has a number of pingos, damp and water filled depressions formed by the melting of ice at the end of the last glaciation. It also has a lake called Thompson Water which, together with its surrounding reedswamp, is important for breeding birds. [96] | |
Thorpe Marshes [97] | 25 hectares (62 acres) | Norwich 52°37′30″N1°20′53″E / 52.625°N 1.348°E TG 267 083 | FP | This site has a lake called St Andrew's Broad, which hosts waterbirds such as great crested grebes, cormorants, tufted ducks, gadwalls and grey herons. There are also flower rich marshes, and dragonflies and damselflies inhabit the many dykes. [97] | ||
Thursford Wood [98] | 10 hectares (25 acres) | Fakenham 52°51′40″N0°56′17″E / 52.861°N 0.938°E TF 979 333 | YES | The oak trees in this wood are some of the oldest in the county, and some may be over 500 years old. The site also has a variety of woodland birds, as well as many ferns and fungi. [98] | ||
Upton Broad and Marshes [99] | 318 hectares (790 acres) | Norwich 52°40′08″N1°31′08″E / 52.669°N 1.519°E TG 380 137 | YES | NCR, [100] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [101] | This is described by Natural England as "an outstanding example of unreclaimed wetland and grazing marsh". Its rich invertebrate fauna includes eighteen species of freshwater snail, and an outstanding variety of dragonflies and damselflies, including the nationally rare Norfolk hawker. [102] | |
Wayland Wood [103] | 34 hectares (84 acres) | Thetford 52°33′36″N0°50′13″E / 52.560°N 0.837°E TL 924 996 | YES | SSSI [104] | This semi-natural wood on wet calcareous boulder clay is managed by coppicing. Breeding birds include woodcocks, lesser spotted woodpeckers and nuthatches. [105] | |
Weeting Heath [106] | 138 hectares (340 acres) | Brandon 52°27′47″N0°35′06″E / 52.463°N 0.585°E TL 757 881 | FEE | NCR, [107] NNR, [108] SAC, [37] SPA, [38] SSSI [109] | This grass and lichen heath is grazed by rabbits. It has a high density of breeding birds, including stone-curlews. One arable field is reserved for uncommon Breckland plants. [110] |
Hickling Broad is a 600-hectare (1,500-acre) nature reserve 4 km south-east of Stalham, north-east of Norwich in Norfolk. It is managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust. It is a National Nature Reserve and part of the Upper Thurne Broads and Marshes Site of Special Scientific Interest and Hickling Broad and Horsey Mere Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I. It is in the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area, and The Broads Special Area of Conservation.
Kent Wildlife Trust (KWT) is a conservation charity in the United Kingdom that was founded in 1958, previously known as the Kent Trust for Nature Conservation. It aims to "work with people to restore, save and improve our natural spaces" and to "ensure that 30% of Kent and Medway – land and sea – is managed to create a healthy place for wildlife to flourish". In 2023, they have reported over 30,000 members and an annual income of £8 million. KWT manages over ninety nature reserves in Kent, of which thirty-seven are Sites of Special Scientific Interest, three are national nature reserves, five are Special Areas of Conservation, four are Special Protection Areas, six are local nature reserves, thirty-eight are in Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and one is a scheduled monument.
Suffolk Wildlife Trust (SWT) describes itself as the county's "nature charity – the only organisation dedicated wholly to safeguarding Suffolk's wildlife and countryside." It is a registered charity, and its headquarters is at Brooke House in Ashbocking, near Ipswich. It was founded in 1961, and is one of 46 wildlife trusts covering the Great Britain and Northern Ireland. As of March 2017, it has 13,200 members, and it manages 3,120 hectares of land in 60 nature reserves, most of which are open to the public. It had an income of £3.9 million in the year to 31 March 2017.
The Sussex Wildlife Trust (SWT) is a conservation charity which aims to protect natural life in Sussex. It was founded in 1961 and is one of 46 wildlife trusts across the UK and the Isle of Man and Alderney. As of 2024, it had 38,000 members and manages 2,000 hectares of land for nature. It is a registered charity and in the year to 31 March 2019 it had an income of £5.7 million and expenditure of £4 million, resulting in net income of £1.7 million.
Great Eastern Pingo Trail is 9.2 kilometres long footpath along a disused railway line north of Thetford in Norfolk. It is a 4.2-hectare (10-acre) Local Nature Reserve, and it crosses three Sites of Special Scientific Interest, Thompson Water, Carr and Common, Breckland Forest and Cranberry Rough, Hockham. It also crosses Thompson Common, which is a nature reserve managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust and is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I. It further crosses Norfolk Valley Fens Special Area of Conservation and Breckland Special Protection Area.
Thompson Water, Carr and Common is a 154.7-hectare (382-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Thetford in Norfolk. Most of it is managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust as Thompson Common. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, and part of the Norfolk Valley Fens Special Area of Conservation. It is crossed by the Great Eastern Pingo Trail Local Nature Reserve.
Weeting Heath is a 141.8-hectare (350-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Thetford in Norfolk, which is managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, and a National Nature Reserve. It is also part of the Breckland Special Area of Conservation and Special Protection Area.
Roydon Common is a 194.9-hectare (482-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of King's Lynn in Norfolk. It is also a Grade I Nature Conservation Review site, a National Nature Reserve and a Ramsar site. It is part of the Roydon Common and Dersingham Bog Special Area of Conservation and Roydon Common and Grimston Warren nature reserve, which is managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust,
Ant Broads and Marshes is a 745.3-hectare (1,842-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-east of Norwich in Norfolk. Most of it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade 1, and it is part of the Broadland Ramsar and Special Protection Area, and The Broads Special Area of Conservation. Part of it is the Barton Broad nature reserve, which is managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust, and two areas are National Nature Reserves.
Bure Broads and Marshes is a 741.1-hectare (1,831-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-east of Norwich in Norfolk. Most of it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I and National Nature Reserve. Two areas are nature reserves managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust, Cockshoot Broad and Ranworth Broad. It is part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area and The Broads Special Area of Conservation,
Upper Thurne Broads and Marshes is a 1,185.9-hectare (2,930-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Great Yarmouth in Norfolk. Part of it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, and it is in the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It is part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area, and The Broads Special Area of Conservation. Two areas, Hickling Broad and Martham Broad, are national nature reserves managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust.
Upton Broad and Marshes is a 195.4-hectare (483-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Norwich in Norfolk. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I and a larger area of 318-hectare (790-acre) is managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust. It is part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area, and The Broads Special Area of Conservation.