Norfolk Wildlife Trust

Last updated

Norfolk Wildlife Trust
Formation1926
HeadquartersNorwich
Membership
35,500
Website Norfolk Wildlife Trust website

The Norfolk Wildlife Trust (NWT) is one of 46 wildlife trusts covering Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Isle of Man and Alderney. [1] Founded in 1926, it is the oldest of all the trusts. It has over 35,500 members and eight local groups and it manages more than fifty nature reserves and other protected sites. [a] It also gives conservation advice to individuals and organisations, provides educational services to young people on field trips and organises entertainment and information events at nature reserves. [2] The NWT reserves include twenty-six Sites of Special Scientific Interests, nine national nature reserves, twelve Nature Conservation Review sites, sixteen Special Areas of Conservation, twelve Special Protection Areas, eleven Ramsar sites, two local nature reserves, four Geological Conservation Review sites and five which are in Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Contents

Norfolk is a county in East Anglia. It has an area of 2,074 square miles (5,370 square kilometres) [3] and a population as of mid-2017 of 898,400. [4] The top level of local government is Norfolk County Council with seven second tier councils: Breckland District Council, Broadland District Council, Great Yarmouth Borough Council, King's Lynn and West Norfolk Borough Council, North Norfolk District Council, Norwich City Council and South Norfolk District Council. [5] The county is bounded by Cambridgeshire, Suffolk, Lincolnshire and the North Sea. [3]

Key

Sites

SitePhotographArea [b] Location [b] Public accessClassificationsDescription
Alderfen Broad [6] Alderfen Broad - geograph.org.uk - 24693.jpg 20 hectares
(49 acres)
Norwich
52°43′26″N1°28′59″E / 52.724°N 1.483°E / 52.724; 1.483 (Alderfen Broad)
TG 353 197
YES Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [10] This area of fenland peat has open water, carr woodland and reedswamp. Breeding birds include the great crested grebe, water rail, common grasshopper warbler and reed warbler. [11]
Barton Broad [12] Barton Broad - geograph.org.uk - 231668.jpg 164 hectares
(410 acres)
Norwich
52°43′59″N1°28′44″E / 52.733°N 1.479°E / 52.733; 1.479 (Barton Broad)
TG 350 207
YES NCR, [13] NNR, [14] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA [9] SSSI [15] The Broad was created in the Middle Ages by digging for peat and the River Ant was later diverted through it, which allowed navigation. It has diverse aquatic plants and fish, and the surrounding fens have nationally rare plants and invertebrates. [12]
Booton Common [16] Booton Common - geograph.org.uk - 756000.jpg 8 hectares
(20 acres)
Norwich
52°45′43″N1°07′37″E / 52.762°N 1.127°E / 52.762; 1.127 (Booton Common)
TG 111 228
YES SAC, [17] SSSI [18] The common has diverse habitats, including wet calcareous fen grassland, acid heath, tall fen, alder woodland and a stream. Wet hollows are floristically rich and there are a variety of breeding birds. [19]
Cley Marshes [20] Cley Marshes Nature Reserve - geograph.org.uk - 1405639.jpg 160 hectares
(400 acres)
Holt
52°57′14″N1°03′22″E / 52.954°N 1.056°E / 52.954; 1.056 (Cley Marshes)
TG 054 440
FEE AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [23] Ramsar, [24] SAC, [25] SPA, [26] SSSI [27] This is the NWT's oldest reserve, purchased in 1926 as a bird sanctuary. It has saline lagoons, a shingle beach, grazing marshes and reedbeds, which support many wintering and migrating wildfowl and waders. [20]
Cockshoot Broad [28] Cockshoot Broad - geograph.org.uk - 400778.jpg 5 hectares
(12 acres)
Norwich
52°41′42″N1°27′58″E / 52.695°N 1.466°E / 52.695; 1.466 (Cockshoot Broad)
TG 343 165
YES NCR, [29] NNR [30] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA [9] SSSI [31] The water quality of this broad is very high and it has large beds of water lilies, which provide habitats for many insects, including red-eyed and variable damselflies. [28]
East Winch Common [32] East Winch Common - geograph.org.uk - 549715.jpg 31 hectares
(77 acres)
King's Lynn
52°42′58″N0°30′43″E / 52.716°N 0.512°E / 52.716; 0.512 (East Winch Common)
TF 698 161
YES SSSI [33] This site is mainly wet acid heath on peat, and it is dominated by heather and cross-leaved heath. There are many wet hollows, which have diverse fen and mire flora, and areas of young woodland. [34]
East Wretham Heath [35] East Wretham Heath - geograph.org.uk - 729252.jpg 143 hectares
(350 acres)
Thetford
52°27′47″N0°48′50″E / 52.463°N 0.814°E / 52.463; 0.814 (East Wretham Heath)
TL 913 887
YES NCR, [36] SAC, [37] SPA, [38] SSSI [39] The principal ecological interest of this site lies in areas of Breckland grassland and two meres, which are supplied by ground water and fluctuate irregularly. These conditions have led to unusual plant communities which are tolerant of alternate wetting and drying, such as reed canary grass and amphibious bistort. [40]
Foxley Wood [41] Path in Foxley Wood - geograph.org.uk - 1692074.jpg 123 hectares
(300 acres)
Dereham
52°45′54″N1°02′10″E / 52.765°N 1.036°E / 52.765; 1.036 (Foxley Wood)
TG 049 229
YES NCR, [42] NNR, [43] SSSI [44] This is the largest area of ancient woodland in the county. The flora is diverse, with more than 250 species recorded, and invertebrates include several rare butterflies, such as the purple emperor and white admiral. [45]
Hethel Old Thorn [46] A tiny nature reserve - geograph.org.uk - 1395410.jpg 0.025 hectares
(0.062 acres)
Norwich
52°33′32″N1°12′04″E / 52.559°N 1.201°E / 52.559; 1.201 (Hethel Old Thorn)
TG 171 005
YESThis is the smallest wildlife trust nature reserve in Britain, consisting of one ancient hawthorn tree, which may date to the thirteenth century. In 1755 its girth was recorded as 9 feet 1 inch (2.77 metres) and it has now decayed to a much smaller size, but it is still healthy. [46]
Hickling Broad [47] View over Hickling Broad - geograph.org.uk - 1244284.jpg 600 hectares
(1,500 acres)
Norwich
52°44′35″N1°35′46″E / 52.743°N 1.596°E / 52.743; 1.596 (Hickling Broad)
TG 428 222
FEE AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [48] NNR, [49] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [50] This is the largest of The Broads, and it has large breeding populations of waterbirds. Rare insects include the swallowtail and Norfolk hawker dragonfly, and there are mammals such as red deer and Chinese water deer. [47]
Hoe Rough [51] Hoe Rough Nature Reserve - geograph.org.uk - 1310101.jpg 12 hectares
(30 acres)
Dereham
52°42′47″N0°55′37″E / 52.713°N 0.927°E / 52.713; 0.927 (Hoe Rough)
TF 978 168
YES SSSI [52] This is a mixture of grassland and wet fen. Around 200 species of invertebrates have been recorded, including the rare great crested newt. Notable plants include green-winged and early marsh orchids. [51]
Holme Dunes [53] Broad Water - geograph.org.uk - 11484.jpg 192 hectares
(470 acres)
Hunstanton
52°58′26″N0°33′04″E / 52.974°N 0.551°E / 52.974; 0.551 (Holme Dunes)
TF 714 449
FEE AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [23] NNR, [54] Ramsar, [24] SAC, [25] SPA, [26] SSSI [27] This site provides a refuge for many migrating birds such as northern wheatears, wrynecks, yellow-browed warblers and barred warblers. Other fauna include natterjack toads, butterflies and dragonflies. [53]
Honeypot Wood [55] Looking south alongside Honeypot Wood - geograph.org.uk - 607155.jpg 10 hectares
(25 acres)
Dereham
52°41′31″N0°51′36″E / 52.692°N 0.860°E / 52.692; 0.860 (Honeypot Wood)
TF 934 143
YES SSSI [56] This is an ancient coppiced wood on calcareous soil. It has a rich ground layer, which is dominated by dog's mercury, and other flora include greater butterfly-orchid and broad-leaved helleborine. A total of 208 plant species have been recorded. [57]
Lolly Moor [58] Lolly Moor 6.jpg 3 hectares
(7.4 acres)
Dereham
52°39′14″N0°56′38″E / 52.654°N 0.944°E / 52.654; 0.944 (Lolly Moor)
TF 992 103
YESThis site has wet grassland, scrub and alder carr. Flora include cowslip, lesser celandine, southern marsh orchid, marsh helleborine and common twayblade. [58]
Lower Wood, Ashwellthorpe [59] Lower Wood Nature Reserve - coppiced trees - geograph.org.uk - 1614914.jpg 37 hectares
(91 acres)
Norwich
52°32′10″N1°09′29″E / 52.536°N 1.158°E / 52.536; 1.158 (Lower Wood, Ashwellthorpe)
TM 143 978
YES SSSI [60] This ancient wood on chalky boulder clay has a diverse ground flora with uncommon species such as wood spurge, early-purple orchid, common twayblade, ramsons, water avens and woodruff. [61]
Martham Broad [62] Martham Broad - the viewpoint - geograph.org.uk - 1107367.jpg 60 hectares
(150 acres)
Great Yarmouth
52°43′26″N1°39′00″E / 52.724°N 1.650°E / 52.724; 1.650 (Martham Broad)
TG 466 203
YES NNR, [63] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [50] This reserve is composed of two shallow broads divided by the River Thurne, together with fen, reedbeds and marshes. There are a number of bat species and breeding birds include bearded tits, common terns, Cetti's warblers and marsh harriers. [62]
Narborough Railway Line [64] Narborough Railway Line 2.jpg 8 hectares
(20 acres)
King's Lynn
52°40′34″N0°35′13″E / 52.676°N 0.587°E / 52.676; 0.587 (Narborough Railway Line)
TF 750 118
PL SSSI [65] This nineteenth-century embankment is probably the most ecologically diverse chalk grassland site in the county, with many flowering plants which attract a wide range of butterflies. There is also a variety of mosses and molluscs. [66]
New Buckenham Common [67] New Buckenham Common - geograph.org.uk - 433216.jpg 37 hectares
(91 acres)
Norwich
52°28′19″N1°04′34″E / 52.472°N 1.076°E / 52.472; 1.076 (New Buckenham Common)
TM 090 905
YES SSSI [68] This unimproved grassland is traditionally managed by grazing. It has the largest colony of green-winged orchids in the county, and there are a stream and pool which have aquatic plants. [69]
Pigneys Wood [70] Footpath through Pigney's Wood - geograph.org.uk - 720296.jpg 23.5 hectares
(58 acres)
North Walsham
52°50′13″N1°24′25″E / 52.837°N 1.407°E / 52.837; 1.407 (Pigneys Wood)
TG 296 321
YES LNR [71] This wood has 40 different species of trees, most of which have been planted since 1993, but there is a 450-year old oak. There is also a range of birds, butterflies and dragonflies. Mammals include otters, water voles and European badgers. [70]
Ranworth Broad [72] Ranworth Broad - geograph.org.uk - 2392296.jpg 136 hectares
(340 acres)
Norwich
52°40′55″N1°29′13″E / 52.682°N 1.487°E / 52.682; 1.487 (Ranworth Broad)
TG 358 151
YES NCR, [29] NNR [30] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [31] Many species of birds can be seen from the floating Broads Wildlife Centre such as great crested grebes, wigeons, gadwalls, kingfishers and cormorants. There are also areas of woodland and reedbeds. [72]
Ringstead Downs [73] Ringstead Downs - geograph.org.uk - 204286.jpg 11 hectares
(27 acres)
Hunstanton
52°55′44″N0°32′13″E / 52.929°N 0.537°E / 52.929; 0.537 (Ringstead Downs)
TF 706 399
YES AONB, [74] SSSI [75] This is a dry chalk valley which was carved out by glacial meltwaters It is species-rich as it has never been ploughed, and it is the largest surviving area of chalk downland surviving in the county. The butterflies are diverse. [76]
Roydon Common and Grimston Warren [77] Grimston Warren 3.jpg 365 hectares
(900 acres)
King's Lynn
52°46′37″N0°30′58″E / 52.777°N 0.516°E / 52.777; 0.516 (Roydon Common and Grimston Warren)
TF 698 229
YES NCR, [78] NNR, [79] Ramsar, [80] SAC, [81] SSSI [82] The common is described by Natural England as "one of the best examples in Britain of a lowland mixed valley mire". It has diverse habitats, including wet acid heath, calcareous fen and dry heath on acid sands. There are rare plants, birds and insects, including the black darter dragonfly. [83]
Salthouse Marshes [84] Salthouse marshes - geograph.org.uk - 544297.jpg 66 hectares
(160 acres)
Holt
52°57′22″N1°05′53″E / 52.956°N 1.098°E / 52.956; 1.098 (Salthouse Marshes)
TG 082 443
YES AONB, [21] GCR, [22] NCR, [23] Ramsar, [24] SAC, [25] SPA, [26] SSSI [27] This site has grazing marsh and small pools. Birds include snow buntings, Lapland buntings, little egrets, shore larks and barn owls. [84]
Scarning Fen [85] Scarning Fen - geograph.org.uk - 463437.jpg 4 hectares
(9.9 acres)
Dereham
52°40′12″N0°55′41″E / 52.670°N 0.928°E / 52.670; 0.928 (Scarning Fen)
TF 981 121
YES NCR, [86] SAC, [17] SSSI [87] This small reserve has chalky valley mire, carr and grassland. Twenty-nine nationally scarce invertebrates have been recorded, and it is the only site in the county for the small red damselfly. There are a number of rare plants, including liverworts and mosses. [85]
Sparham Pools [88] Sparham Pools 2.jpg 12.2 hectares
(30 acres)
Norwich
52°43′05″N1°04′16″E / 52.718°N 1.071°E / 52.718; 1.071 (Sparham Pools)
TG 075 178
YESThese former gravel pits are now pools which have several islands. Wildfowl include shoveler, gadwall, mallard and tufted duck. Sand martins and kingfishers breed on the banks and common terns on the islands. [88]
Syderstone Common [89] Syderstone Common - geograph.org.uk - 388033.jpg 24 hectares
(59 acres)
King's Lynn
52°51′07″N0°43′19″E / 52.852°N 0.722°E / 52.852; 0.722 (Syderstone Common)
TF 834 318
YES SSSI [90] The common has heath and grassland areas in the valley of the River Tat. Pools on sand and gravel provide suitable habitats for five species of breeding amphibians, including the nationally rare natterjack toad. [91]
Thompson Common [92] Thompson Common - geograph.org.uk - 1019791.jpg 140 hectares
(350 acres)
Attleborough
52°37′59″N0°51′36″E / 52.633°N 0.860°E / 52.633; 0.860 (Thompson Common)
TL 941 966
YES LNR, [93] NCR [94] SAC, [17] SSSI [95] This grassland site in the valley of a tributary of the River Wissey has a number of pingos, damp and water filled depressions formed by the melting of ice at the end of the last glaciation. It also has a lake called Thompson Water which, together with its surrounding reedswamp, is important for breeding birds. [96]
Thorpe Marshes [97] Thorpe Marshes 6.jpg 25 hectares
(62 acres)
Norwich
52°37′30″N1°20′53″E / 52.625°N 1.348°E / 52.625; 1.348 (Thorpe Marshes)
TG 267 083
FPThis site has a lake called St Andrew's Broad, which hosts waterbirds such as great crested grebes, cormorants, tufted ducks, gadwalls and grey herons. There are also flower rich marshes, and dragonflies and damselflies inhabit the many dykes. [97]
Thursford Wood [98] Thursford Wood 4.jpg 10 hectares
(25 acres)
Fakenham
52°51′40″N0°56′17″E / 52.861°N 0.938°E / 52.861; 0.938 (Thursford Wood)
TF 979 333
YESThe oak trees in this wood are some of the oldest in the county, and some may be over 500 years old. The site also has a variety of woodland birds, as well as many ferns and fungi. [98]
Upton Broad and Marshes [99] A culverted drain - geograph.org.uk - 1110312.jpg 318 hectares
(790 acres)
Norwich
52°40′08″N1°31′08″E / 52.669°N 1.519°E / 52.669; 1.519 (Upton Broad and Marshes)
TG 380 137
YES NCR, [100] Ramsar, [7] SAC, [8] SPA, [9] SSSI [101] This is described by Natural England as "an outstanding example of unreclaimed wetland and grazing marsh". Its rich invertebrate fauna includes eighteen species of freshwater snail, and an outstanding variety of dragonflies and damselflies, including the nationally rare Norfolk hawker. [102]
Wayland Wood [103] Wayland Wood, early Spring. - geograph.org.uk - 754598.jpg 34 hectares
(84 acres)
Thetford
52°33′36″N0°50′13″E / 52.560°N 0.837°E / 52.560; 0.837 (Wayland Wood)
TL 924 996
YES SSSI [104] This semi-natural wood on wet calcareous boulder clay is managed by coppicing. Breeding birds include woodcocks, lesser spotted woodpeckers and nuthatches. [105]
Weeting Heath [106] Weeting Heath National Nature Reserve - geograph.org.uk - 521013.jpg 138 hectares
(340 acres)
Brandon
52°27′47″N0°35′06″E / 52.463°N 0.585°E / 52.463; 0.585 (Weeting Heath)
TL 757 881
FEE NCR, [107] NNR, [108] SAC, [37] SPA, [38] SSSI [109] This grass and lichen heath is grazed by rabbits. It has a high density of breeding birds, including stone-curlews. One arable field is reserved for uncommon Breckland plants. [110]

See also

Notes

  1. The NWT states that it manages over 50 sites, but only 32 of them are listed on its website and thus in this article.
  2. 1 2 The area and location are taken from the Wildlife Trust page for each site.

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References

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  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Designated Sites View: Broadland". Ramsar Site. Natural England. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
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  13. Ratcliffe, p. 307
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