Old South Head Road | |
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Macquarie Lighthouse, Australia's first lighthouse, Vaucluse | |
Coordinates |
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General information | |
Type | Road |
Length | 6.8 km (4.2 mi) [1] |
Gazetted | July 1933 [2] |
Major junctions | |
South end | Oxford Street Bondi Junction, Sydney |
North end | Robertson Place Watsons Bay, Sydney |
Location(s) | |
Major suburbs | Bondi Beach, Rose Bay, Vaucluse |
Old South Head Road is a major road in Sydney, linking the eastern suburb of Bondi Junction to Watsons Bay on the South Head peninsula. It is historically significant because its earliest origins can be traced back to the early days of the colony of New South Wales.
Old South Head Road commences at the intersection with Oxford Street, Syd Einfeld Drive and Bondi Road in Bondi Junction and heads in a north-easterly direction as a four-lane, single carriageway road, passing through the suburbs of Bondi, Bondi Beach, North Bondi and Rose Bay. It meets New South Head Road at a roundabout in Vaucluse, continuing north until it eventually terminates at a roundabout with Robertson Place in Watsons Bay.
Old South Head Road passes through predominantly residential areas, with sizeable shopping centres around the intersections with Towns Road and Dover Road. Housing varies from detached homes to blocks of flats and units. The style of housing includes Federation homes, Victorian homes and Art Deco blocks of flats towards Bondi Junction.
The colony at Sydney began on 21 January 1788, when the First Fleet arrived in Sydney Harbour and Captain Arthur Phillip went ashore at what is now known as Camp Cove. The settlement itself was set up in Sydney Cove, at the spot now known as Circular Quay. One of the reasons for the choice of that location was the desire to be safely out of range of hostile artillery. The colony needed to keep watch on the seas for potentially hostile ships or the Second Fleet, which meant that South Head became important as an observation post. The outer edge of South Head became a signal station from which ships could be seen; their approach could then be signalled with flags. The ships could then be met by pilots who were camped at Camp Cove (so named for that reason). [3]
A proper signal station was established in 1790; it was supplied by boat until a bridle trail was created along the ridge to South Head. Construction of a road followed and it was completed in 1811. A lighthouse was built just south of the signal station in 1816-18, to a design by Francis Greenway, the first notable architect in the colony. A semaphore system replaced flags at the signal station in the 1840s and the present building was constructed to a design by Colonial Architect Mortimer Lewis. It has been in continuous use since then and is now heritage-listed. [4] In 1858, the first telegraph line in New South Wales was used to connect the signal station with the Royal Exchange in Bridge Street.
The passing of the Main Roads Act of 1924 [5] through the Parliament of New South Wales provided for the declaration of Main Roads, roads partially funded by the State government through the Main Roads Board (MRB). With the subsequent passing of the Main Roads (Amendment) Act of 1929 [6] to provide for additional declarations of State Highways and Trunk Roads, the Department of Main Roads (having succeeded the MRB in 1932) declared Main Road 339 from the intersection with Oxford Street in Bondi Junction to the intersection with Robertson Place in Watsons Bay on 18 July 1933. [2]
The passing of the Roads Act of 1993 [7] updated road classifications and the way they could be declared within New South Wales. Under this act, Old South Head Road retains its declaration as Main Road 339. [8]
(RNE) indicates that the structure or site is listed on the Register of the National Estate. [9]
LGA | Location | km [1] | mi | Destinations | Notes |
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Woollahra–Waverley boundary | Bondi Junction–Woollahra boundary | 0.0 | 0.0 | Oxford Street (southwest) - Bondi Junction, Paddington | Southern terminus of road |
Syd Einfeld Drive (west) - Woollahra, Paddington Bondi Road (southeast) – Bondi | |||||
Bondi Junction–Bellevue Hill boundary | 0.5 | 0.31 | Victoria Street - Double Bay | ||
Bellevue Hill–Rose Bay–Bondi Beach–North Bondi quadripoint | 1.6 | 0.99 | O'Sullivan Road (west) – Rose Bay Curlewis Street (east) - Bondi Beach | ||
Vaucluse | 4.4 | 2.7 | Military Road - Dover Heights | ||
5.1 | 3.2 | New South Head Road - Kings Cross, Double Bay, Rose Bay | Roundabout | ||
Woollahra | Watsons Bay | 6.8 | 4.2 | Robertson Place - Watsons Bay | Northern terminus of road at roundabout |
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The Macquarie Lighthouse, also known as South Head Upper Light, is the first, and is the longest serving, lighthouse site in Australia. It is located on Dunbar Head, on Old South Head Road, Vaucluse in the Municipality of Woollahra local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The lighthouse is situated approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south of South Head near the entrance to Sydney Harbour. There has been a navigational aid in this vicinity since 1791 and a lighthouse near the present site since 1818. The current heritage-listed lighthouse was completed in 1883. The lighthouse and associated buildings were designed by James Barnet and built from 1881 to 1883.
Watsons Bay is a harbourside, eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Watsons Bay is located 11 km north-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Municipality of Woollahra.
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Woollahra Municipal Council is a local government area in the eastern suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Woollahra is bounded by Sydney Harbour in the north, Waverley Council in the east, Randwick City in the south and the City of Sydney in the west.
Edgecliff railway station is a heritage-listed underground commuter railway station located on the Eastern Suburbs line, serving the Sydney suburb of Edgecliff. It is served by Sydney Trains's T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line services and NSW TrainLink's South Coast Line services.
Hornby Lighthouse, also known as South Head Lower Light or South Head Signal Station, is a heritage-listed active lighthouse located on the tip of South Head, New South Wales, Australia, a headland to the north of the suburb Watsons Bay. It marks the southern entrance to Port Jackson, as well as lighting the South Reef, a ledge of submerged rocks. It is the third oldest lighthouse in New South Wales. Designed by Mortimer Lewis and listed on the Register of the National Estate and on the New South Wales State Heritage Register since 2 April 1999, with the following statement of significance:
A dominant Sydney landmark which appears to have been in continuous use since the 1840s as a controlling point for shipping entering and leaving Port Jackson. The building complex, designed by the Colonial Architect Mortimer Lewis in the early 1840s, is an architectural important example of an early Victorian public work associated with port activities.
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Bondi Road is a 2-kilometre-long (1.2 mi) major road through the Sydney suburb of Bondi, Australia.
The South Head General Cemetery is a heritage-listed cemetery located at 793 Old South Head Road, Vaucluse, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1845 to 1950. It is also known as Old South Head Cemetery and the South Head Cemetery. The property is Crown Land governed by Waverley Municipal Council. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 25 August 2017.
Syd Einfeld Drive, formerly the Bondi Junction Bypass, is a partially elevated dual carriageway in Sydney, Australia. It was built to bypass a section of Oxford Street through Bondi Junction.
Media related to Old South Head Road, Sydney at Wikimedia Commons