Alkanolamines
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Psychotropic alkylamines are alkylamines that share the critical property of not containing an aromatic nucleus, but are still biologically active. While many of these molecules are stimulants, others are antiviral, have competitive NMDA antagonist activity, or are nicotinic receptor antagonists.
| Compound | Core | Other | N Substituent | Pharmacology |
| Neramexane | Cyclohexyl | 1,3,3,5,5-Pentamethyl | 1-NH2 | NMDA antagonist |
| Amantadine | adamantane | — | 1-NH2 | antiviral, NMDA antagonist, catecholamine releaser, cholinergic |
| Memantine | " | 3,5-DiMe | " | NMDA antagonist |
| Rimantadine | " | CH3CH | NH2 | antiviral |
| Cyclopentamine | cyclopentane | n-propyl | 2-NHMe | Sympathomimetic vasoconstrictor |
| Propylhexedrine | cyclohexane | " | " | " |
| Methylhexanamine | n-hexane | 4-methyl | 2-NH2 | " |
| Tuaminoheptane | n-heptane | — | 2-NH2 | " |
| Octodrine | " | 6-methyl | " | " |
| Mecamylamine | norbornane | 1-exo-2,2-trimethyl | 1-endo-NHMe | nicotinic antagonist |
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Maprotiline, sold under the brand name Ludiomil among others, is a tetracyclic antidepressant (TeCA) that is used in the treatment of depression. It may alternatively be classified as a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), specifically a secondary amine. In terms of its chemistry and pharmacology, maprotiline is closely related to other secondary amine TCAs like nortriptyline and protriptyline, and has similar effects to them.
Brompheniramine, sold under the brand name Dimetapp among others, is a first-generation antihistamine drug of the propylamine (alkylamine) class. It is indicated for the treatment of the symptoms of the common cold and allergic rhinitis, such as runny nose, itchy eyes, watery eyes, and sneezing. Like the other first-generation drugs of its class, it is considered a sedating antihistamine.
An antagonist is a character in a story who is presented as the chief enemy of the protagonist.
A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it like an agonist. Antagonist drugs interfere in the natural operation of receptor proteins. They are sometimes called blockers; examples include alpha blockers, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers. In pharmacology, antagonists have affinity but no efficacy for their cognate receptors, and binding will disrupt the interaction and inhibit the function of an agonist or inverse agonist at receptors. Antagonists mediate their effects by binding to the active site or to the allosteric site on a receptor, or they may interact at unique binding sites not normally involved in the biological regulation of the receptor's activity. Antagonist activity may be reversible or irreversible depending on the longevity of the antagonist–receptor complex, which, in turn, depends on the nature of antagonist–receptor binding. The majority of drug antagonists achieve their potency by competing with endogenous ligands or substrates at structurally defined binding sites on receptors.
Chlorphenamine, also known as chlorpheniramine, is an antihistamine used to treat the symptoms of allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis. It is taken by mouth. The medication takes effect within two hours and lasts for about 4-6 hours.
Dexbrompheniramine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever or urticaria. It is the pharmacologically active dextrorotatory isomer of brompheniramine. It was formerly marketed in combination with pseudoephedrine under the name Drixoral in the US and Canada. It is an alkylamine antihistamine.
Cyclopentamine is a sympathomimetic alkylamine, classified as a vasoconstrictor. Cyclopentamine was indicated in the past as an over-the-counter (OTC) medication for use as a nasal decongestant, notably in Europe and Australia, but has now been largely discontinued.
PB-28 is an agonist of the sigma-2 receptor.
Tuaminoheptane is a sympathomimetic agent and vasoconstrictor which was formerly used as a nasal decongestant. It has also been used as a stimulant.
Phyllodium pulchellum is an Asian plant in the family Fabaceae.
Clemizole is an H1 antagonist.
Devapamil is a calcium channel blocker. It is also known as desmethoxyverapamil, which is a phenylalkylamine (PAA) derivative. Devapamil not only inhibits by blocking the calcium gated channels, but also by depolarizing the membrane during the sodium-potassium exchanges.
Substituted arylalkylamines are a group of chemical compounds. Two major classes of arylalkylamines include indolylalkylamines and phenylalkylamines, which consist of the monoamine neurotransmitters as well as clinically-used and recreationally-abused monoaminergic drugs, including psychostimulants, anorectics, wakefulness-promoting agents, bronchodilators, decongestants, antidepressants, entactogens, and psychedelics, among others.
Alkylamines may refer to:
Levopropylhexedrine (Eventin) is an adrenergic alkylamine used as an anorectic in Germany and patented by Smith Kline & French in 1947. It has also been used in the anticonvulsant preparation barbexaclone in combination with phenobarbital to offset sedation. Levopropylhexedrine is the levorotatory S-enantiomer of propylhexedrine. The dextrorotatory counterpart is known as dextropropylhexedrine.
4-Methyl-α-ethyltryptamine (4-Me-αET) is a putative stimulant, psychedelic, and entactogen drug of the tryptamine class. It is a designer drug and is sold online as a "research chemical".
N-alkylglycine oxidase (EC 1.5.3.20, N-carboxymethylalkylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (decarboxymethylating)) is an enzyme with systematic name N-alkylglycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (alkylamine forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Etodroxizine (INN) is a first-generation antihistamine of the diphenylmethylpiperazine group which is used as a sedative/hypnotic drug in Europe and South Africa.
An amine oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of alkylamines into aldehydes and ammonia:
Nufenoxole (SC-27166) is an antidiarrhoeal drug which acts as a peripherally selective opioid agonist, in a similar manner to loperamide and diphenoxylate. While it is able to activate μ-opioid receptors, it fails to cross the blood–brain barrier and so has a selective action against diarrhoea without producing analgesic effects.