Regional Military Command

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Military Regional Commands in Indonesia as of 2021 Indonesian Military Area Commands.svg
Military Regional Commands in Indonesia as of 2021
The VI Military Regional Command/Mulawarman covering East, North, and South Kalimantan Kodam VI Mulawarman, Balikpapan.jpg
The VI Military Regional Command/Mulawarman covering East, North, and South Kalimantan

The Indonesian Military Regional Commands (Indonesian : Komando Daerah Militer abbreviated "Kodam") are military districts of the Indonesian Army which function for territorial defence of various regions within the country. They cover multiple provinces (except for Jakarta which is under one military district command, the Kodam Jayakarta).

Contents

History

The Armed Forces' military regions are known as Kodam. Their organization was established by General Sudirman, following the model of the German Wehrkreise system. The system was later codified in Strategy Order No.1 (Surat Perintah Siasat No.1), signed by General Sudirman in November 1948. [1]

The Army's structure underwent various reorganisations throughout its early years. From 1946 to 1952, the Army was organized into combined arms divisions. These were consolidated in 1951, and then dissolved in 1952. From 1952 to 1958–59, the Army was organised into seven Territorial Armies (Tentara & Teritorium) composed of regiments and independent formations at battalion level and below. In August 1958, the Indonesian Army reconsolidated its territorial organization. This created sixteen regional commands, which retained earlier divisional titles; the Siliwangi Division, for example, became Kodam VI/Siliwangi. [2] The Kodam were subdivided administratively into Areas (the former territorial regiments), Districts (the former regimental battalions) and District Sectors, and operationally composed of a number of speciality battalions and in some regional commands, an infantry brigade.

A reorganisation in 1985 made significant changes in the army chain of command. The four multiservice Regional Defence Commands (Kowilhan) and the National Strategic Forces Command (Kostranas) were eliminated from the defence structure, re-establishing the Military Regional Commands (Kodam) as the key organisation for strategic, tactical, and territorial operations for all services. The 16 regions were reduced to just 10. [3] The chain of command flowed directly from the ABRI commander via the Chief of Staff of the Army to the ten territorial commanders, and then to subordinate army territorial commands. In 1999, the number of regions grew to 10, and today, there are around 15 in active operation.

The territorial commands incorporate provincial and district commands each with infantry battalions, sometimes a cavalry battalion, artillery, or engineers. The number of activated infantry brigades is increasing. [4] Some have Raider battalions attached.

Organization of Regional Commands

Each Regional Command (Kodam) is led by a major general, assisted by a chief of staff who holds the rank of brigadier general. Kodams oversee several territorial formations under its command, which are:

In addition, each of the Kodams own a Regional Training Regiment (known as Resimen Induk Kodam or Rindam) which is responsible for the training and education of enlisted personnel and non-commissioned officers in their territory.

The office of the Regional Commander is assisted by the following territorial departments:

Operationally, each "Kodam" is organized as a territorial infantry division which oversee several Subordinate combat units:

Military regions

The following is a list of Military Regional Commands in Indonesia:

NoNameEmblemDefense areaHeadquarters Commander Official website
1. I Military Regional Command/Bukit Barisan
Lambang Kodam Bukit Barisan.webp
Coat of arms of North Sumatra.svg   North Sumatra
Coat of arms of West Sumatra.svg   West Sumatra
Coat of arms of Riau.svg   Riau
Coat of arms of Riau Islands.svg   Riau Islands
Major General Achmad Daniel Chardin kodam1-bukitbarisan.mil.id
2. II Military Regional Command/Sriwijaya
Lambang Kodam Sriwijaya.png
Coat of arms of Jambi.svg   Jambi
Coat of arms of Bengkulu.svg   Bengkulu
Coat of arms of South Sumatra.svg   South Sumatra
Coat of arms of Bangka Belitung Islands.svg   Bangka Belitung Islands
Coat of arms of Lampung.svg   Lampung
Major General Agus Suhardi kodam-ii-sriwijaya.mil.id
3. III Military Regional Command/Siliwangi
Lambang Kodam Siliwangi.png
Coat of arms of Banten.svg   Banten
Coat of arms of West Java.svg   West Java
Major General Kunto Arief Wibowo siliwangi.mil.id
4. IV Military Regional Command/Diponegoro
Lambang Kodam Diponegoro.png
Coat of arms of Central Java.svg   Central Java
Coat of arms of Yogyakarta.svg   Special Region of Yogyakarta
Major General Widi Prasetijono kodam4.mil.id
5. V Military Regional Command/Brawijaya
Lambang Kodam Brawijaya.png
Coat of arms of East Java.svg   East Java Major General Nurchahyanto kodam5-brawijaya.com
6. VI Military Regional Command/Mulawarman
Lambang Kodam Mulawarman.png
Coat of arms of South Kalimantan.svg   South Kalimantan
Coat of arms of East Kalimantan.svg   East Kalimantan
Coat of arms of North Kalimantan.svg   North Kalimantan
Major General Teguh Pudjo Rumekso kodam-mulawarman.mil.id
7. IX Military Regional Command/Udayana
Lambang Kodam Udayana.png
Coat of arms of Bali.svg   Bali
Coat of arms of West Nusa Tenggara.svg   West Nusa Tenggara
Coat of arms of East Nusa Tenggara.svg   East Nusa Tenggara
Major General Sonny Aprianto kodam-udayana.mil.id
8. XII Military Regional Command/Tanjungpura
Lambang Kodam Tanjungpura.png
Coat of arms of West Kalimantan.svg   West Kalimantan
Coat of arms of Central Kalimantan.svg   Central Kalimantan
Major General Sulaiman Agusto kodamtanjungpura-tniad.mil.id
9. XIII Military Regional Command/Merdeka
Lambang Kodam Merdeka.png
Coat of arms of North Sulawesi.svg   North Sulawesi
Coat of arms of Gorontalo.svg   Gorontalo
Coat of arms of Central Sulawesi.svg   Central Sulawesi
Major General Alfred Denny Djoike Tuejeh kodam13-tniad.mil.id
10. XIV Military Regional Command/Hasanuddin
Lambang Kodam Hasanuddin.svg
Coat of arms of West Sulawesi.svg   West Sulawesi
Coat of arms of South Sulawesi.svg   South Sulawesi
Coat of arms of Southeast Sulawesi.svg   Southeast Sulawesi
Major General Andi Muhammad Bau Sawa Mappanyukki kodam14hasanuddin-tniad.mil.id
11. XVI Military Regional Command/Pattimura
Lambang Kodam Pattimura.png
Coat of arms of North Maluku.svg   North Maluku
Coat of arms of Maluku.svg   Maluku
Major General Richard Horja Taruli Tampubolon kodam16pattimura.mil.id
12. XVII Military Regional Command/Cenderawasih
Lambang Kodam Cenderawasih.png
Coat of arms of Papua 2.svg   Papua Major General Teguh Muji Angkasa kodam17cenderawasih-tniad.mil.id
13. XVIII Military Regional Command/Kasuari
Lambang Kodam Kasuari.png
Coat of arms of West Papua.svg   West Papua Major General Gabriel Lema kasuari18-tniad.mil.id
14. Military Regional Command Jaya
Lambang Kodam Jaya.png
Coat of arms of Jakarta.svg   Jakarta Major General Untung Budiharto kodamjaya-tniad.mil.id
15. Military Regional Command Iskandar Muda
2. LOGO KODAM IM.png
Coat of arms of Aceh.svg   Aceh Major General Mohamad Hasan kodamim-tniad.mil.id

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References

  1. Gitiyarko, Vincentinus (1 March 2021). "Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949". Kompas. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  2. Conboy, Kenneth J. (2003). Kopassus: Inside Indonesia's Special Forces. Equinox Publishing. p. 79. ISBN   9789799589880.
  3. Anderson, Ben (1985). "Current Data on the Indonesian Military Elite". Indonesia. Southeast Asia Program Publications at Cornell University (40): 131–64. JSTOR   3350880.
  4. "The Military Balance". 106 (1). International Institute for Strategic Studies. 2006.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)[ page needed ]