St Breock

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St Breock
St Breock Church - geograph.org.uk - 224062.jpg
St Breock Church
Cornwall UK mainland location map.svg
Red pog.svg
St Breock
Location within Cornwall
Population734 (United Kingdom Census 2011 including Edmonton and Engollan)
OS grid reference SW 978 719
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town WADEBRIDGE
Postcode district PL27
Dialling code 01208
Police Devon and Cornwall
Fire Cornwall
Ambulance South Western
UK Parliament
CouncillorsStephen Rushworth
(C, St Issey and St Tudy)
List of places
UK
England
Cornwall
50°30′40″N4°51′14″W / 50.511°N 4.854°W / 50.511; -4.854

St Breock (Cornish : Nanssans) is a village and a civil parish in north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The spelling St Breoke was also formerly in use.

Contents

Geography

St Breock village is 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Wadebridge immediately to the south of the Royal Cornwall Showground. The village lies on the eastern slope of the wooded Nansent valley. The civil parish of St Breock is in Bodmin Registration District and the population in the 2001 census was 703, increasing to 725 at the 2011 census. [1] The parish extends approx five miles (8 kilometres) south of Wadebridge. To the north, the parish is bounded by the River Camel, to the west by St Issey parish, to the northeast by Egloshayle parish and to the southeast by Lanivet parish. Together with Egloshayle it was one of the two parishes within which the town of Wadebridge developed.

History

Prehistory

St Breock Downs Monolith St Breock Down Monolith - Standing Stone - geograph.org.uk - 109844.jpg
St Breock Downs Monolith

Around two miles south of the village stands the St Breock Downs Monolith, a 16 ft (5 m) high prehistoric standing stone. It is the largest and heaviest prehistoric standing stone in Cornwall. [2] Around one mile northwest of the monolith is a prehistoric dolmen known as Pawton Quoit. [3]

20th Century

During World War 2 there was a report of both bombs and incendiaries being dropped near St Breock in August 1940. [4]

Manor of Pawton

The Manor of Pawton, already established in Saxon times, was very large, extending to six whole parishes and parts of four others. It was granted to the Bishops of Sherborne by King Egbert of Wessex and held by their successors until it was alienated under Henry VIII. In 1086 there were 44 hides of land, land for 60 ploughs, 40 villagers and 40 smallholders; pasture 12 sq leagues, woodland 2 sq leagues. Charles G. Henderson wrote in 1925 that slight remains of the bishop's palace and deer park were still to be seen. [5] On the down above Pawton is a very large barrow with massive dolmen. At Nanscowe Farm a pillar stone of the 5th or 6th century with inscription meaning 'To the son of Ulcagnus; and to Severus' (in Latin). [6] [7]

Parish Church

The parish church grid reference SW 977 717 is dedicated to St Briocus and dates back to the 13th century although it was extensively rebuilt in 1677. (The aisle, south transept and porches are additions of the 15th and 16th centuries.) The church has a battlemented tower with a ring of five bells. It is situated beside the stream in the valley bottom and in 1965 suffered damage in a major flood. The nave is longer than usual in a parish church: this may be connected to the fact that the Bishops of Exeter owned the manor of Pawton before the Reformation and had a palace there. In 1790 the rector here was John Molesworth and his wife Catherine Molesworth was an amateur artist. [8] The church was restored for £1,400, and reopened on 26 July 1881 by Edward Benson, the Bishop of Truro. [9]

The church contains some fine monuments to members of the Tredeneck family and one of 1598 to William and Jane Viell. The heirs of the Viell family in the 17th century were the Prideaux family of Prideaux Place, which still owned the manor of St Breock in 1968. [10] There is a brass probably also to a Tredeneck, ca. 1520. [11] The church organ was the work of 'Father' Willis. [12] Seth Ward, afterwards a bishop, was briefly the incumbent here.

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References

  1. ↑ "Parish population 2011" . Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  2. ↑ St Breock Downs Monolith, English Heritage, retrieved 12 April 2012
  3. ↑ Historic England. "Pawton Quoit (430271)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  4. ↑ ""When Bombs Fell" - The air-raids on Cornwall during WW2 : Part 2 - 1940". WW2 People's war. BBC. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  5. ↑ Cornish Church Guide (1925) Truro: Blackford; pp. 64-65
  6. ↑ Pevsner, N. (1970) Cornwall; 2nd ed., edited by Enid Radcliffe. Penguin Books
  7. ↑ Thorn, C., et al. (eds.) (1979) Cornwall. Chichester: Phillimore; sec. 2,4 Text and translation of Domesday account of Pawton
  8. ↑ F. M. O'Donoghue, ‘Molesworth [St Aubyn], Catherine (1760–1836)’, rev. Annette Peach, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 30 March 2015
  9. ↑ "Church News". The Cornishman. No. 159. 28 July 1881. p. 4.
  10. ↑ Delderfield, Eric R., West Country Historic Houses and their Families, Newton Abbot, 1968, p. 124
  11. ↑ Dunkin, E. (1882) Monumental Brasses. London: Spottiswoode
  12. ↑ Rendell, Joan (1982) Cornish Churches. St Teath: Bossiney Books; pp. 18-19
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