Direction Générale de la Sûreté Nationale االمديرية العامة للأمن الوطني ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ | |
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Common name | Sûreté Nationale |
Motto | Arabic: الأمن الوطني... فخورون بخدمتكم French: Sûreté nationale... fiers de vous servir National Security... proud to serve you |
Agency overview | |
Formed | 16 May 1956 [1] |
Employees | 79830 (2023) |
Annual budget | 13 billion dirham (2022) [2] |
Jurisdictional structure | |
Operations jurisdiction | Morocco |
Governing body | Moroccan Ministry of Internal Affairs |
Operational structure | |
Headquarters | Rabat |
Police officers | 79,830 (2023) [3] |
Agency executives |
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The General Directorate for National Security (Arabic: االمديرية العامة للأمن الوطني, Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵎⵀⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ; French : Direction Générale de la Sûreté Nationale, DGSN) is the national police force of the Kingdom of Morocco. The DGSN is tasked with upholding the law and public order. It was founded on 16 May 1956 [1] by King Mohammed V. It works alongside the Gendarmerie Royale and the Forces Auxiliaires.
In 2007, the Sûreté Nationale had approximately 46,000 personnel. A decade later, in 2017, the number of personnel had increased to 70,000.
As of 2004, the Sûreté Nationale operated the following specialist divisions: [4]
Before the 20th century, a regionalized Shurta (police) enforced Sharia law and ensured security across the country. [5] During the Almohad caliphate, the caliph also took on the role of ṣāḥib al-shurṭa (head of police). [5] [6]
There were regional and tribal Muhtasibs (equivalent to a police commissioner) who were appointed by the Pasha. [7] The Muhtasib had the power to issue fines for minor offenses. [8] Criminals were tried in front of a Qadi, the judge of a Sharia court. The Qadi issued judgements in criminal, civil and commercial cases. [7]
On July 20, 1901, Morocco formed its first national border patrol. [9] [10] The patrol was in charge of ensuring the security of the border with French Algeria, under the control of a commissioner in Oujda. [11] [12]
In 1906, the Algeciras Conference led to various police reforms in Morocco. [13] The reforms established a national police force that would fall under the Sultan's sovereign authority. The police force's recruitment would be overseen by the Makhzen and commanded by Caïds. Additionally, the police force would be stationed in the eight ports that were open to international trade. [14] [15]
In 1912, the General Police Service was created after the installement of the French Protectorate in Morocco. [16] In 1913, a forensic identification unit was formed. [16] [17] A general forensic identification service was formed in November 1931. [17]
On May 16, 1956, a year after Morocco gained independence, the DGSN was formed. [18] The Royal Institute of Police in Kenitra was inaugurated in 1978. [19] The Scientific and Technical Police Laboratory in Casablanca was created in 1991. [19]
On 8 September 2023, an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.8 Mw hit Marrakesh-Safi region of Morocco. [20] [21] DGSN along with DGST has announced it will contribute MAD 50 million to Special Fund for Managing Earthquake Effects. [22] [23] [24] They set up two mobile bakeries near Marrakech, to provide bread to those who were affected by the earthquake. [25]
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The Moroccan national identity card is the biometric identity document for Moroccan citizens consisting of an electronic ID-1 smart card with identifying information. An immatriculation card, a variant of the CNI, is issued for foreigners in Morocco for visitors, students, workers, family reunification, and long-term healthcare. It is issued by the General Directorate of National Security (DGSN) and is compulsory after the age of 16 while being valid for a period of 10 years, but can be obtained at any age.
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