Timeline of Bujumbura

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bujumbura, Burundi.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.

Prior to 20th century

• 1885 - Mohamed Bin Khalfan in power in region. ^[1]
• 1899 - Germans establish military settlement at village of Usumbura in colonial German East Africa. ^[2]

20th century

Map of Bujumbura, 1991

• 1912 - Usumbura becomes capital of Ruanda-Urundi. ^[1]
• 1916 - Belgians in power in Ruanda-Urundi. ^[1]
• 1928 - Buyenzi neighborhood created. ^[1]
• 1932 - Kabondo neighborhood created. ^[1]
• 1941 - Kabondo neighborhood razed due to poor public health. ^[1]
• 1945 - Kamenge and Kinama neighborhoods created. ^[3]
• 1952 - Bujumbura Airport opens.
• 1955 - Holy Spirit Lycée (school) active.
• 1959
  • Port of Bujumbura is built
  • Roman Catholic diocese of Usumbura established. ^[4]
• 1960
  • University of Burundi founded. ^[2]
  • Radio nationale begins broadcasting.
• 1962
  • City becomes national capital of newly formed Burundi; Usumbura renamed "Bujumbura." ^[5]
  • Gérard Kibinakanwa becomes mayor. ^[6]
• 1963
  • Cibitoke  [ it ] neighborhood created. ^[1]
  • Maniema FC (football club) formed.
• 1965 - École Belge de Bujumbura (school) opens.
• 1970 - Population: 78,810 (urban agglomeration). ^[7]
• 1978 - Renouveau du Burundi government newspaper begins publication. ^[8]
• 1984 - Télévision nationale begins broadcasting.
• 1990 - Population: 235,440. ^[9]
• 1991 - Kamenge Youth Centre established.
• 1995
  • Ethnic violence during the Burundian Civil War. ^{[10] [11]}
  • 11 March: Government official Ernest Kabushemeye killed.
• 1996
  • Army-rebel (Tutsi-Hutu) conflict, especially in Kamenge  [ fr ]. ^[12]
  • Radio Umwizero  [ fr ] begins broadcasting. ^[8]
• 1998 - Civilians killed by Hutu rebels at airport. ^[12]
• 2000
  • 13 October: Army-rebel (Tutsi-Hutu) conflict occurs near city. ^[11]
  • 31 December: Civilians killed by Hutu rebels near city. ^[11]

21st century

Satellite view of Bujumbura, 2005

• 2003
  • City besieged by rebel forces. ^[10]
  • April: Peacekeeping African Union Mission in Burundi headquartered in city.
• 2005 - City administration divided into 13 neighborhoods: Buterere, Buyenzi, Bwiza  [ fr; it; sv ], Cibitoke  [ it ], Gihosha, Kamenge, Kanyosha, Kinama, Kinindo, Musaga, Ngagara, Nyakabiga  [ fr ], and Rohero  [ sv ]. Each has its own council and leader. ^[3]
• 2007 - September: Conflict between factions of the National Forces of Liberation. ^[10]
• 2008 - Population: 497,169. ^[13]
• 2011 - 30 November: East African Community summit held in city. ^[14]
• 2012
  • March: Labor strike. ^[15]
  • Saidi Juma becomes mayor.
• 2013 - Central market burns down. ^[16]
• 2015 - Burundian unrest (2015–present).
• 2018 December 24 - Bujumbura was designated as Economic capital and Gitega as the new Political capital.
• June 2025 - Bujumbura increased in overall size under the new administrative subdivision by ecompassing neighboring Bujumbura Rural, Bubanza and Cibitoke.

See also

• Bujumbura history (fr)
• List of mayors of Bujumbura
• Timeline of Burundian history

References

1. "Historique". Mairiebujumbura.gov.bi (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
2. Zeleza 2003.
3. "L'administration de la Municipalité de Bujumbura". Villedebujumbura.org (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.
4. "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Burundi". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo . Retrieved 31 August 2017.
5. Cybriwsky 2013.
6. "Succession à la tête de la Mairie de Bujumbura". Villedebujumbura.org (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.
7. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.
8. "Burundi". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN   1857431839.
9. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2005. United Nations Statistics Division.
10. "Burundi Profile: Timeline". BBC News . 14 April 2011. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
11. "Burundi". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. p. 51+. ISBN   0203409957.
12. Young 2010.
13. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
14. Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2012). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011. Vol. 8. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN   978-90-04-24178-7.
15. Stef Vandeginste (2013). "Burundi". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Vol. 9. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 291–300. ISBN   978-90-04-25600-2.
16. "Burundi: vaste incendie au marché central de Bujumbura", Rfi.fr (in French), 27 January 2013

Bibliography

in English

• C. Achikbache; et al. (1982). "Bujumbura: Muslim demographic and socio-economic aspects". Journal of the Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs . 4 (4): 145–174. doi:10.1080/02666958208715865. ISSN   0266-6952.
• Nancy Rose Hunt (1990). "Domesticity and Colonialism in Belgian Africa: Usumbura's Foyer Social, 1946-1960". Signs . 15 (3): 447–474. doi:10.1086/494605. JSTOR   3174423. S2CID   145204059.
• Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Bujumbura, Burundi". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN   0415234794.
• Eric Young (2010). "Bujumbura, Burundi". In Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (eds.). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 209. ISBN   9780195337709.
• Roman A. Cybriwsky (2013). "Bujumbura". Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. ISBN   978-1-61069-248-9.

in French

• Sylvestre Ndayirukiye, Bujumbura centenaire : 1897-1997 : croissance et défis, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2002, 375 p. ISBN   2-7475-1302-5
• S. Ndayirukire (2006). "La rehabilitation et la protection du patrimoine culturel national: les monuments et les édifices anciens dans la ville de Bujumbura". Culture et société (in French). 16. Bujumbura: Centre de civilisation burundaise. ISSN   0255-6308.
• Pascal Rutaké; et al. (2011). "Planification et politiques de santé en milieu urbain: cas de la mairie de Bujumbura". Cahier du CURDES (12). University of Burundi, Centre Universitaire de Recherche pour le Développement Economique et Social.
• Burundi: Profil Urbain De Bujumbura (in French). United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2012.

in German

• "Usumbura". Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (in German). 1920 – via Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt.^{[ permanent dead link ]}

External links

• "(Bujumbura)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
• "(Bujumbura)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
• "(Bujumbura)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa . Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
• "(Bujumbura)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
• "(Bujumbura)". AfricaBib.org . (Bibliography)
• "Bujumbura, Burundi". BlackPast.org . United States. 11 February 2014.