Tirukkural translations into Czech

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As of 2015, Tirukkural has been translated into Czech only once. [1]

Contents

History of translations

The only known translation of the Kural text in Czech is some selections that appeared in Novy Orient, a Czech journal from Prague, during 1952–54. [2] These were translated by renowned Tamil scholar Kamil Zvelebil. [3]

Translations

TranslationKural, couplet or verse, No. 423 (Chapter 43)
Kamil Zvelebil, 1952Značka moudrosti má poznat pravdu
Od kteréhokoliv zdroje to je slyšeno.

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Kural</i> Ancient Tamil composition on personal ethics and morality

The Tirukkuṟaḷ, or shortly theKural, is a classic Tamil language text consisting of 1,330 short couplets, or kurals, of seven words each. The text is divided into three books with aphoristic teachings on virtue (aram), wealth (porul) and love (inbam), respectively. Considered one of the greatest works ever written on ethics and morality, it is widely acknowledged for its universality and secular nature. Its authorship is traditionally attributed to Valluvar, also known in full as Thiruvalluvar. The text has been dated variously from 300 BCE to 5th century CE. The traditional accounts describe it as the last work of the third Sangam, but linguistic analysis suggests a later date of 450 to 500 CE and that it was composed after the Sangam period.

Tirukkural, also known as the Kural, an ancient Indian treatise on the ethics and morality of the commoner, is one of the most widely translated non-religious works in the world. Authored by the ancient Tamil poet-philosopher Thiruvalluvar, it has been translated into at least 42 world languages, with about 57 different renderings in the English language alone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tirukkural translations into English</span>

Tirukkural remains one of the most widely translated non-religious works in the world. As of 2014, there were at least 57 versions available in the English language alone. English, thus, continues to remain the language with most number of translations available of the Kural text.

Kannada has at least eight translations of the Tirukkural available as of 2014. Both prose and verse translations have been made in Kannada.

As of 2015, there are at least two translations of the Tirukkural available in the Polish language.

French has the second maximum number of translations of the Tirukkural among European languages, next only to English. As of 2015, there were at least 18 translations of the Kural text available in French.

As of 2020, there were at least four translations of the Tirukkural available in Arabic. The Kural text is the first, and so far the only, Tamil work to be translated directly into Arabic. It is also the first Tamil work to be released in the Arabian soil.

As of 2015, the Japanese language has two translations available of the Tirukkural.

Malayalam has seen the most number of Tirukkural translations than that of any other language in India. As of 2007, there are at least 21 translations of the Kural text available in Malayalam. Malayalam also has the distinction of producing the first ever translation of the Kural text among the languages in India and the world at large. The Annual Report of the Cochin Archeological Department for the year 1933–34 reported an unpublished manuscript of a Malayalam translation of the Tirukkural made in 1595.

Telugu is one of the Indian languages that has had the earliest Tirukkural translations in modern times. As of 2000, there were at least 14 translations of the Kural text available in Telugu.

As of 2015, there were at least three Gujarati translations available of the Tirukkural.

As of 2015, Tirukkural has been translated into Rajasthani only once.

As of 2015, Tirukkural has been translated into Punjabi at least twice.

As of 2015, Tirukkural has been translated into Saurashtra only once.

As of 2015, Tirukkural has been translated into Sinhalese at least twice.

As of 2015, Tirukkural has been translated into Dutch only once.

As of 2015, there was only one translation of the Tirukkural available in Finnish.

As of 2015, there is only one translation of the Tirukkural available in Swedish.

As of 2015, Fijian had at least two translations available of the Tirukkural.

As of 2015, Malay has at least four translations available of the Tirukkural.

References

  1. ↑ Pallu, Nelza Mara; Mohanty, Panchanan; Durga, Shiva (May 2023). "Thirukkural Translations: A Sacred Text From the Town of Peacocks—Mayilâpûr India" (PDF). International Journal of Development Research. 13 (5): 62551–62553. doi:10.37118/ijdr.26323.05.2023. ISSN   2230-9926 . Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  2. ↑ Polilan; K. Gunathogai; Lena Kumar; Tagadur Sampath; Mutthamizh; G. Picchai Vallinayagam; D. Anbunidhi; K. V. Neduncheraladhan, eds. (2019). Tiruvalluvar 2050 (in Tamil) (1 ed.). Chennai: Periyar Enthusiasts Group. p. 685.
  3. ↑ Sanjeevi, N. (1973). Bibliography on Tirukkural. In First All India Tirukkural Seminar Papers. Chennai: University of Madras. p. 139.

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