Viridian | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #40826D |
sRGB B (r, g, b) | (64, 130, 109) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (161°, 51%, 51%) |
CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (50, 31, 160°) |
Source | Maerz and Paul [1] |
ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate green |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) |
Viridian is a blue-green pigment, a hydrated chromium(III) oxide, of medium saturation and relatively dark in value. It is composed of a majority of green, followed by blue. The first recorded use of viridian as a color name in English was in the 1860s. [2] Viridian takes its name from the Latin viridis, meaning "green". [3] The pigment was first prepared in mid-19th-century Paris and remains available from several US manufacturers as prepared artists' colors in all media. [4] : 276–77
Viridian pigment was first prepared in 1838 in Paris by Parisian color chemist and painter Pannetier alongside his assistant Binet as a hydrated form of chromium oxide. [5] [6] The preparation process was demanding, expensive, and shrouded in secrecy. [4] : 275 The French chemist C. E. Guignet developed and patented a cheaper manufacturing method in 1859 that enabled larger distribution and use of the pigment. [4] : 274 This method involved calcining a combination of boric acid and potassium bichromate, then washing the material. [4] : 280–281
Winsor and Newton's catalogue listed the pigment as early as 1849. It was used as early as 1840 in a work by J. M. W. Turner. [4] : 275 Viridian was in prominent use by the mid-nineteenth century, but was less popular than three to four times more affordable alternatives including emerald and chrome greens. [4] : 276–77
Viridian is a bright shade of spring green, which places the color between green and teal on the color wheel, or, in paint, a tertiary blue–green color. Viridian is dark in value, has medium saturation, and is transparent . [4] : 275
Paolo Veronese Green | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #009B7D |
sRGB B (r, g, b) | (0, 155, 125) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (168°, 100%, 61%) |
CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (57, 49, 163°) |
Source | Gallego and Sanz [7] |
ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong green |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) |
Paolo Veronese green is the color that is called Verde Verones in the Guía de coloraciones (Guide to colorations) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm.
Paolo Veronese green was a color formulated and used by the noted 16th-century Venetian artist Paolo Veronese.
Paolo Veronese green began to be used as a color name in English sometime in the 1800s (exact year uncertain). [8]
Another name for this color is transparent oxide of chromium. [9]
Viridian Green | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #009698 |
sRGB B (r, g, b) | (0, 150, 152) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (181°, 100%, 60%) |
CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (56, 45, 194°) |
Source | Pantone TPX [10] |
ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate bluish green |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) |
At right is displayed the color viridian green.
The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #17-5126 TPX—Viridian Green. [11]
Generic Viridian | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #007F66 |
sRGB B (r, g, b) | (0, 127, 102) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (168°, 100%, 50%) |
CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (47, 41, 163°) |
Source | Gallego and Sanz [7] |
ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate green |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) |
Generic viridian is the color that is called Viridian inspecifico in the Guía de coloraciones (Guide to colorations) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm.
Spanish Viridian | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #007F5C |
sRGB B (r, g, b) | (0, 127, 92) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (163°, 100%, 50%) |
CIELChuv (L, C, h) | (47, 44, 154°) |
Source | Gallego and Sanz [7] |
ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong green |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) |
Spanish viridian is the color that is called Viridian specifico in the Guía de coloraciones (Guide to colorations) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm.
Viridian is considered durable and permanent as an artist's pigment. [4] : 278 Viridian is unaffected by temperatures up to 260 °C (500 °F), but it is unsuitable for use in ceramic glazes. [4] : 278 Viridian is compatible with all pigments in all media, and has high oil absorption. [4] : 278 Pure pigment formulations of viridian are hard and may separate in tubes, but adding barium sulfate in small quantities enables easy grinding and dispersion. [4] : 278
Viridian as a quaternary color on the RYB color wheel: |
green |
viridian |
teal |
Although viridian is not a frequent color name in English, it is used in a number of cultural references, probably because it is derived from viridis, the Latin word for green, so using the word viridian sounds more elegant than simply referring to the Old English word green.[ citation needed ]
Fine art painting
Navy blue is a dark shade of the color blue.
Bistre is a pigment made from soot. Historically, beechwood was burned to produce the soot, which was boiled and diluted with water. Many Old Masters used bistre as the ink for their wash paintings.[1] Bistre's appearance is generally of a dark grayish brown, with a yellowish cast.
Fuchsia is a vivid pinkish-purplish-red color, named after the color of the flower of the fuchsia plant, which was named by a French botanist, Charles Plumier, after the 16th-century German botanist Leonhart Fuchs.
Lemon or lemon-color is a vivid yellow color characteristic of the lemon fruit. Shades of "lemon" may vary significantly from the fruit's actual color, including fluorescent tones and creamy hues reflective of lemon pies and confections.
Red-violet refers to a rich color of high medium saturation about 3/4 of the way between red and magenta, closer to magenta than to red. In American English, this color term is sometimes used in color theory as one of the purple colors—a non-spectral color between red and violet that is a deep version of a color on the line of purples on the CIE chromaticity diagram.
Carmine color is the general term for some deep red colors that are very slightly purplish but are generally slightly closer to red than the color crimson is. Some rubies are colored the color shown below as rich carmine. The deep dark red color shown at right as carmine is the color of the raw unprocessed pigment, but lighter, richer, or brighter colors are produced when the raw pigment is processed, some of which are shown below.
Spring green is a color that was traditionally considered to be on the yellow side of green, but in modern computer systems based on the RGB color model is halfway between cyan and green on the color wheel.
In optics, orange has a wavelength between approximately 585 and 620 nm and a hue of 30° in HSV color space. In the RGB color space it is a secondary color numerically halfway between gamma-compressed red and yellow, as can be seen in the RGB color wheel. The complementary color of orange is azure. Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or cadmium families, and absorb mostly blue light.
Spring bud is the color that used to be called spring green before the X11 web color spring green was formulated in 1987 when the X11 colors were first promulgated. This color is now called spring bud to avoid confusion with the web color.
Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.
Varieties of the color red may differ in hue, chroma or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a red or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors are shown below.
Pink colors are usually light or desaturated shades of reds, roses, and magentas which are created on computer and television screens using the RGB color model and in printing with the CMYK color model. As such, it is an arbitrary classification of color.
The color magenta has notable tints and shades. These various colors are shown below.
Tuscan red is a shade of red that was used on some railroad cars, particularly passenger cars.
Varieties of the color yellow may differ in hue, chroma or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a yellow or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.
Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma, or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these colors is shown below.
Variations of gray or grey include achromatic grayscale shades, which lie exactly between white and black, and nearby colors with low colorfulness. A selection of a number of these various colors is shown below.
Violet is a color term derived from the flower of the same name. There are numerous variations of the color violet, a sampling of which are shown below.
Sky blue refers to a collection of shades comparable to that of a clear daytime sky. Typically it is a shade of cyan or light teal, though some iterations are closer to light blue. The term is attested from 1681. A 1585 translation of Nicolas de Nicolay's 1576 Les navigations, peregrinations et voyages faicts en la Turquie includes "the tulbant [turban] of the merchant must be skie coloured".
Rose is the color halfway between red and magenta on the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel.
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