1074

1074 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1074 MLXXIV
Ab urbe condita	1827
Armenian calendar	523 ԹՎ ՇԻԳ
Assyrian calendar	5824
Balinese saka calendar	995–996
Bengali calendar	480–481
Berber calendar	2024
English Regnal year	8  Will. 1  – 9  Will. 1
Buddhist calendar	1618
Burmese calendar	436
Byzantine calendar	6582–6583
Chinese calendar	癸丑年 (Water  Ox) 3771 or 3564     — to — 甲寅年 (Wood  Tiger) 3772 or 3565
Coptic calendar	790–791
Discordian calendar	2240
Ethiopian calendar	1066–1067
Hebrew calendar	4834–4835
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1130–1131
- Shaka Samvat	995–996
- Kali Yuga	4174–4175
Holocene calendar	11074
Igbo calendar	74–75
Iranian calendar	452–453
Islamic calendar	466–467
Japanese calendar	Enkyū 6 / Jōhō 1 (承保元年)
Javanese calendar	978–979
Julian calendar	1074 MLXXIV
Korean calendar	3407
Minguo calendar	838 before ROC 民前838年
Nanakshahi calendar	−394
Seleucid era	1385/1386 AG
Thai solar calendar	1616–1617
Tibetan calendar	ཆུ་མོ་གླང་ལོ་ (female Water-Ox) 1200 or 819 or 47     — to — ཤིང་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Wood-Tiger) 1201 or 820 or 48

King Géza I of Hungary (c. 1040–1077)

Year 1074 ( MLXXIV ) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

• Spring – Norman mercenaries, led by Roussel de Bailleul, proclaim John Doukas emperor of the Byzantine Empire. His nephew, Emperor Michael VII Doukas, forms an alliance with Seljuk chieftain Suleiman ibn Qutulmish, who is raiding in the eastern regions of Anatolia. The Seljuk Turks ambush the Norman forces; Roussel and John are defeated and captured; but a ransom, raised by Roussel's wife, allows him to return to Amaseia. ^[1]

Europe

• February 2 – Treaty of Gerstungen: King Henry IV is forced to restore the peace with Duke Otto of Nordheim (one of the Saxon leaders of the Saxon Rebellion). He signs a treaty in Gerstungen Castle, on the River Werra in Thuringia (modern Germany).
• February 7 – Battle of Montesarchio: Prince Pandulf IV, co-ruler of Benevento, is killed while fighting the Normans in southern Italy.
• March 14 – Battle of Mogyoród: King Solomon is defeated by his cousins, Duke Géza I and Ladislaus I. He is dethroned and Géza becomes the new ruler of Hungary.
• October 21 – The Belgium beer brand Affligem is founded.

Africa

• Spring – Badr al-Jamali becomes Chief Wazir (Grand Vizier) and effectively military dictator of the Fatimid Caliphate under Caliph Al-Mustansir Billah in Egypt. ^[2]

China

• Emperor Shenzong of Song establishes a Marine Office and a Goods Control Bureau north-west of Shanghai, allowing for the loading and unloading of freight.

By topic

Religion

• Pope Gregory VII temporarily excommunicates the Norman nobleman Robert Guiscard.

Births

• February 12 – Conrad II of Italy, king of Germany (d. 1101) ^[3]
• April – Abu Mansur Mauhub al-Jawaliqi, Arab philologist (d. 1144)
• September 16 – Al-Musta'li, Fatimid caliph (d. 1101)
• Ibn al-Tilmidh, Syriac physician and poet (d. 1165)
• Approximate date
  • Edgar ("the Valliant"), king of Scotland (d. 1107)
  • Hugh I, count of Champagne
  • Maud, Countess of Huntingdon, queen consort of Scotland (d. 1130)

Deaths

• February 7 – Pandulf IV of Benevento, Lombard prince
• March 14 – Vid Gutkeled, Hungarian lord and courtier (b. c. 1010) ^[4]
• April 25 – Herman I, margrave of Baden
• May 6 – Dúnán (or Donat(us)), 1st bishop of Dublin
• October 25 – Shōshi, empress of Japan (b. 988)
• Ibn al-Wafid, Andalusian pharmacologist
• Joseph Tarchaneiotes, Byzantine general
• Peter Krešimir IV, king of Croatia (or 1075)
• Ralph IV of Valois (or Raoul), French nobleman
• Wugunai, Chinese chieftain (b. 1021)
• Yang Wenguang, Chinese general

References

1. Brian Todd Carey (2012). Road to Manzikert: Byzantine and Islamic Warfare (527–1071), p. 155. ISBN   978-1-84884-215-1.
2. David Nicolle (2003). The First Crusade 1096–99: Conquest of the Holy Land, p. 12. ISBN   978-1-84176-515-0.
3. "Conrad | king of the Germans". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
4. Makk, Ferenc (1994). "Vid". In Kristó, Gyula; Engel, Pál; Makk, Ferenc (eds.). Korai magyar történeti lexikon (9–14. század) [Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th centuries)] (in Hungarian). Akadémiai Kiadó. p. 729. ISBN   963-05-6722-9.