Related Research Articles
The Tunguska event was a 3–5 megaton explosion that occurred near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River in Yeniseysk Governorate, Russia, on the morning of 30 June 1908. The explosion over the sparsely populated East Siberian taiga flattened an estimated 80 million trees over an area of 2,150 km2 (830 sq mi) of forest, and eyewitness accounts suggest up to three people may have died. The explosion is generally attributed to a meteor air burst, the atmospheric explosion of a stony asteroid about 50–60 metres wide. The asteroid approached from the east-south-east, probably with a relatively high speed of about 27 km/s (60,000 mph). Though the incident is classified as an impact event, the object is thought to have exploded at an altitude of 5 to 10 kilometres rather than hitting the Earth's surface, leaving no impact crater.
1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1908th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 908th year of the 2nd millennium, the 8th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1908, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
The year 1905 in science and technology involved some significant events, particularly in physics, listed below.
The year 2001 in science and technology involved many events, some of which are included below.
The year 1911 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
The year 1916 involved a number of significant events in science and technology, some of which are listed below.
The year 1919 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
The year 2004 in science and technology involved some significant events.
The year 1883 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
The year 1868 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
The year 1843 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
The year 1997 in science and technology involved many significant events, listed below.
Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian was a Soviet Armenian astrophysicist and science administrator. One of the 20th century's top astronomers, he is widely regarded as the founder of theoretical astrophysics in the Soviet Union.
General relativity is a theory of gravitation that was developed by Albert Einstein between 1907 and 1915, with contributions by many others after 1915. According to general relativity, the observed gravitational attraction between masses results from the warping of space and time by those masses.
A total solar eclipse occurred on June 29, 1927. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The path of totality crossed far northern Europe and Asia, including the United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Soviet Union on June 29 (Wednesday), and finally passed Amukta in Alaska on June 28 (Tuesday).
An annular solar eclipse will occur on March 9, 2035. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide.
A total solar eclipse occurred on July 20, 1963. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is at least the same size as the Sun's or larger, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with a partial solar eclipse visible over the surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Totality was visible from Hokkaido in Japan and Kuril Islands in Soviet Union on July 21, and Alaska, and Maine in the United States and also Canada on July 20. Astronomer Charles H. Smiley observed the eclipse from a U.S. Air Force F-104D Starfighter supersonic aircraft that was "racing the Moon's shadow" at 1,300 mph (2,100 km/h) extending the duration of totality to 4 minutes 3 seconds. The Moon was 375,819 km from the Earth.
The earliest scientifically useful photograph of a total solar eclipse was made by Julius Berkowski at the Royal Observatory in Königsberg, Prussia, on July 28, 1851. This was the first occasion that an accurate photographic image of a solar eclipse was recorded.
A total solar eclipse occurred on August 21, 1914. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The totality of this eclipse was visible from northern Canada, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Russian Empire, Ottoman Empire, Persia and British Raj . It was the first of four total solar eclipses that would be seen from Sweden during the next 40 years. This total solar eclipse occurred in the same calendar date as 2017, but at the opposite node. The moon was just 2.7 days before perigee, making it fairly large.
A total solar eclipse occurred on August 18, 1868, also known as "The King of Siam's eclipse". A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide.
References
- ↑ Stephenson, F. R.; Morrison, L. V.; Whitrow, G. J. (1984). "Long-Term Changes in the Rotation of the Earth: 700 B.C. to A.D. 1980" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A . 313 (1524): 47–70. Bibcode:1984RSPTA.313...47S. doi:10.1098/rsta.1984.0082. ISSN 0080-4614. S2CID 120566848 . Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ↑ Pasechnik, I. P. (1986). "Refinement of the moment of explosion of the Tunguska meteorite from the seismic data". Cosmic Matter and the Earth (in Russian). Novosibirsk: Nauka. p. 66.
- ↑ Farinella, Paolo; Foschini, L.; Froeschlé, Christiane; Gonczi, R.; Jopek, T. J.; Longo, G.; Michel, Patrick (2001). "Probable asteroidal origin of the Tunguska Cosmic Body" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics . 377 (3): 1081–1097. Bibcode:2001A&A...377.1081F. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20011054 . Retrieved 2011-08-23.
- ↑ Trayner, Chris (1994). "Perplexities of the Tunguska Meteorite". The Observatory . 114: 227–231. Bibcode:1994Obs...114..227T.
- ↑ Hale, G. E. (1908). "On the Probable Existence of a Magnetic Field in Sun-Spots". The Astrophysical Journal. 28: 315. Bibcode:1908ApJ....28..315H. doi: 10.1086/141602 .
- ↑ "Kikunae Ikeda Sodium Glutamate". History of Industrial Property Rights. Japan Patent Office. 2002-10-07. Archived from the original on 2007-10-28. Retrieved 2010-11-12.
- ↑ "Data.GISS: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP v4)". data.giss.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on May 17, 2019. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
- ↑ Crilly, Tony (2007). 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know. London: Quercus. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8.
- ↑ Student (March 1908). "The probable error of a mean" (PDF). Biometrika . 6 (1): 1–25. doi:10.1093/biomet/6.1.1. hdl:10338.dmlcz/143545 . Retrieved 2011-10-08.
- ↑ Mie, Gustav (1908). "Beiträge zur Optik trüber Medien, speziell kolloidaler Metallösungen". Annalen der Physik . 25 (3): 377–445. Bibcode:1908AnP...330..377M. doi: 10.1002/andp.19083300302 . English translation, American translation
- ↑ Kuhn, R. (2004). "Eugen Bleuler's concepts of psychopathology". History of Psychiatry. 15 (59 Pt 3): 361–6. doi:10.1177/0957154X04044603. PMID 15386868. S2CID 5317716.
- ↑ Buerger, Leo (1908). "Thrombo-angiitis obliterans: a study of the vascular lesions leading to presenile spontaneous gangrene". The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 136 (4): 567–80. doi:10.1097/00000441-190810000-00011. PMC 5202473 . PMID 29015658.
- ↑ Corner, George W. (1967). "Warren Harmon Lewis, June 17, 1870 – July 3, 1964" (PDF). Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences (39): 323–358.
- ↑ "Model T Facts" (Press release). US: Ford. Archived from the original on 2013-09-28. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ↑ Lee W. Newman, Marking Pen, U.S. Patent 946,149. Granted January 11, 1910.
- ↑ "Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian – Armenian astronomer". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 21 February 2018.