Solar eclipse of January 3, 1908

Last updated
Solar eclipse of January 3, 1908
SE1908Jan03T.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma 0.1934
Magnitude 1.0437
Maximum eclipse
Duration254 s (4 min 14 s)
Coordinates 11°48′S145°06′W / 11.8°S 145.1°W / -11.8; -145.1
Max. width of band149 km (93 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse21:45:22
References
Saros 130 (46 of 73)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9299

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Friday, January 3, 1908, [1] [2] [3] [4] with a magnitude of 1.0437. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Totality was visible from Ebon Atoll in German New Guinea (now in Marshall Islands), British Western Pacific Territories (the part now belonging to Kiribati), Line Islands (now in Kiribati), Phoenix Islands (now in Kiribati) on January 4 (Saturday), and Costa Rica on January 3 (Friday). The green line means eclipse begins or ends at sunrise or sunset. The magenta line means mid eclipse at sunrise or sunset, or northern or southern penumbra limits. The green point means eclipse obscuration of 50%. The blue line means umbral northern and southern limits.

Contents

Observations

The eclipse was observed by astronomer William Wallace Campbell of Lick Observatory, viewed from Flint Island, Kiribati, an uninhabited island in the Line Islands. The team of Lick Observatory departed from San Francisco on November 22, 1907, and arrived in Papeete, Tahiti Island, the capital of French Polynesia on December 4. After making preparations of supplies and logistics personnel, it departed again on the evening of December 7 and arrived at Flint Island on the afternoon of the 9: [5]

1908 01 03 Lick.jpg

Astronomers from the Royal Astronomical Society, Sydney Observatory and surveyors from New Zealand also observed the total eclipse near the observation site of Lick Observatory. The team successfully took images of the corona. [6]

Eclipses in 1908

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 130

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1906–1909

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [7]

The partial solar eclipses on February 23, 1906 and August 20, 1906 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1906 to 1909
Ascending node Descending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
115 July 21, 1906
SE1906Jul21P.png
Partial
−1.3637120 January 14, 1907
SE1907Jan14T.png
Total
0.8628
125 July 10, 1907
SE1907Jul10A.png
Annular
−0.6313130 January 3, 1908
SE1908Jan03T.png
Total
0.1934
135 June 28, 1908
SE1908Jun28A.png
Annular
0.1389140 December 23, 1908
SE1908Dec23H.png
Hybrid
−0.4985
145 June 17, 1909
SE1909Jun17H.png
Hybrid
0.8957150 December 12, 1909
SE1909Dec12P.png
Partial
−1.2456

Saros 130

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 130, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 73 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on August 20, 1096. It contains total eclipses from April 5, 1475 through July 18, 2232. There are no annular or hybrid eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 73 as a partial eclipse on October 25, 2394. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 30 at 6 minutes, 41 seconds on July 11, 1619. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit. [8]

Series members 41–62 occur between 1801 and 2200:
414243
SE1817Nov09T.gif
November 9, 1817
SE1835Nov20T.gif
November 20, 1835
SE1853Nov30T.gif
November 30, 1853
444546
SE1871Dec12T.gif
December 12, 1871
SE1889Dec22T.png
December 22, 1889
SE1908Jan03T.png
January 3, 1908
474849
SE1926Jan14T.png
January 14, 1926
SE1944Jan25T.png
January 25, 1944
SE1962Feb05T.png
February 5, 1962
505152
SE1980Feb16T.png
February 16, 1980
SE1998Feb26T.png
February 26, 1998
SE2016Mar09T.png
March 9, 2016
535455
SE2034Mar20T.png
March 20, 2034
SE2052Mar30T.png
March 30, 2052
SE2070Apr11T.png
April 11, 2070
565758
SE2088Apr21T.png
April 21, 2088
SE2106May03T.png
May 3, 2106
SE2124May14T.png
May 14, 2124
596061
SE2142May25T.png
May 25, 2142
SE2160Jun04T.png
June 4, 2160
SE2178Jun16T.png
June 16, 2178
62
SE2196Jun26T.png
June 26, 2196

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1809Oct09T.gif
October 9, 1809
(Saros 121)
SE1820Sep07A.png
September 7, 1820
(Saros 122)
SE1831Aug07T.gif
August 7, 1831
(Saros 123)
SE1842Jul08T.png
July 8, 1842
(Saros 124)
SE1853Jun06A.gif
June 6, 1853
(Saros 125)
SE1864May06H.gif
May 6, 1864
(Saros 126)
SE1875Apr06T.png
April 6, 1875
(Saros 127)
SE1886Mar05A.gif
March 5, 1886
(Saros 128)
SE1897Feb01A.gif
February 1, 1897
(Saros 129)
SE1908Jan03T.png
January 3, 1908
(Saros 130)
SE1918Dec03A.png
December 3, 1918
(Saros 131)
SE1929Nov01A.png
November 1, 1929
(Saros 132)
SE1940Oct01T.png
October 1, 1940
(Saros 133)
SE1951Sep01A.png
September 1, 1951
(Saros 134)
SE1962Jul31A.png
July 31, 1962
(Saros 135)
SE1973Jun30T.png
June 30, 1973
(Saros 136)
SE1984May30A.png
May 30, 1984
(Saros 137)
SE1995Apr29A.png
April 29, 1995
(Saros 138)
SE2006Mar29T.png
March 29, 2006
(Saros 139)
SE2017Feb26A.png
February 26, 2017
(Saros 140)
SE2028Jan26A.png
January 26, 2028
(Saros 141)
SE2038Dec26T.png
December 26, 2038
(Saros 142)
SE2049Nov25H.png
November 25, 2049
(Saros 143)
SE2060Oct24A.png
October 24, 2060
(Saros 144)
SE2071Sep23T.png
September 23, 2071
(Saros 145)
SE2082Aug24T.png
August 24, 2082
(Saros 146)
SE2093Jul23A.png
July 23, 2093
(Saros 147)
SE2104Jun22T.png
June 22, 2104
(Saros 148)
SE2115May24T.png
May 24, 2115
(Saros 149)
Saros150 23van71 SE2126Apr22A.jpg
April 22, 2126
(Saros 150)
Saros151 21van72 SE2137Mar21A.jpg
March 21, 2137
(Saros 151)
Saros152 20van70 SE2148Feb19T.jpg
February 19, 2148
(Saros 152)
Saros153 17van70 SE2159Jan19A.jpg
January 19, 2159
(Saros 153)
Saros154 15van71 SE2169Dec18A.jpg
December 18, 2169
(Saros 154)
Saros155 15van71 SE2180Nov17T.jpg
November 17, 2180
(Saros 155)
Saros156 11van69 SE2191Oct18A.jpg
October 18, 2191
(Saros 156)

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between March 16, 1866 and August 9, 1953
March 16–17January 1–3October 20–22August 9–10May 27–29
108110112114116
SE1866Mar16P.gif
March 16, 1866
SE1877Aug09P.gif
August 9, 1877
SE1881May27P.gif
May 27, 1881
118120122124126
SE1885Mar16A.gif
March 16, 1885
SE1889Jan01T.png
January 1, 1889
SE1892Oct20P.gif
October 20, 1892
SE1896Aug09T.png
August 9, 1896
SE1900May28T.png
May 28, 1900
128130132134136
SE1904Mar17A.png
March 17, 1904
SE1908Jan03T.png
January 3, 1908
SE1911Oct22A.png
October 22, 1911
SE1915Aug10A.png
August 10, 1915
SE1919May29T.png
May 29, 1919
138140142144146
SE1923Mar17A.png
March 17, 1923
SE1927Jan03A.png
January 3, 1927
SE1930Oct21T.png
October 21, 1930
SE1934Aug10A.png
August 10, 1934
SE1938May29T.png
May 29, 1938
148150152154
SE1942Mar16P.png
March 16, 1942
SE1946Jan03P.png
January 3, 1946
SE1949Oct21P.png
October 21, 1949
SE1953Aug09P.png
August 9, 1953

Notes

  1. "Obscured by the clouds". The Journal and Tribune. Knoxville, Tennessee. 1908-01-04. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-11-01 via Newspapers.com.
  2. "Clouds hide eclipse; many are disappointmented". St. Louis Globe-Democrat. St. Louis, Missouri. 1908-01-04. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-11-01 via Newspapers.com.
  3. "FLINT ISLAND PARTY VIEWS SUN ECLIPSE". The San Francisco Examiner. San Francisco, California. 1908-01-04. p. 6. Retrieved 2023-11-01 via Newspapers.com.
  4. "The sun's obscuration". The Daily Telegraph. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 1908-01-04. p. 10. Retrieved 2023-11-01 via Newspapers.com.
  5. Powerhouse Museum. "Solar Eclipse, Flint Island, Kiribati, 1908". Powerhouse Museum, Australia. Retrieved 11 March 2016.
  6. Sebastian Albrecht. "The Lick Observatory-Crocker Expedition to Flint Island". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. 2: 115–131. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019.
  7. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  8. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 130". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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References