Solar eclipse of November 3, 1994

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Solar eclipse of November 3, 1994
Total eclipse
Diamond Ring, Total Solar Eclipse, Bolivia, 1994 (3183977692).jpg
Totality with diamond ring effect in Litoral Province, Bolivia
SE1994Nov03T.png
Map
Gamma −0.3522
Magnitude 1.0535
Maximum eclipse
Duration263 s (4 min 23 s)
Coordinates 35°24′S34°12′W / 35.4°S 34.2°W / -35.4; -34.2
Max. width of band189 km (117 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse13:40:06
References
Saros 133 (44 of 72)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9496

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Thursday, November 3, 1994, [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] with a magnitude of 1.0535. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 10 hours after perigee (on November 3, 1994, at 23:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger. [12]

Contents

Totality was visible in Peru, northern Chile, Bolivia, northern Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil and Gough Island of British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. The Iguazu Falls, one of the largest waterfalls systems in the world, lay in the path of totality. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Central America, South America, Antarctica, and Southern Africa.

Images

SE1994Nov03T.gif

Observations

Jay Pasachoff led an observation team from Williams College in Massachusetts, observing the total eclipse at a military base near Putre, Chile, in the Atacama Desert. The team took images of the corona and measured its brightness. Teams from Japan and South Korea also conducted observations nearby. [13] The Russian Academy of Sciences sent a team to Criciúma, Brazil, taking images of the corona in polarized light and proposing reconstruction of its ray structure. [14]

Eclipse timing

Places experiencing total eclipse

Solar Eclipse of November 3, 1994
(Local Times)
Country or territoryCity or placeStart of partial eclipseStart of total eclipseMaximum eclipseEnd of total eclipseEnd of partial eclipseDuration of totality (min:s)Duration of eclipse (hr:min)Maximum magnitude
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru Arequipa 06:14:4607:15:5607:16:1507:16:3508:25:440:392:111.0009
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Arica 08:17:2509:18:4909:19:4809:20:4610:30:171:572:131.0061
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia Potosí 07:20:1208:23:4708:25:0808:26:3009:38:452:432:191.0115
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Asunción 08:32:4009:42:2209:42:5109:43:2111:01:570:592:291.0013
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Caraguatay 08:33:1209:42:1609:43:5309:45:3111:03:323:152:301.0136
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Ciudad del Este 08:35:2409:45:4709:47:2809:49:1011:08:313:232:331.0142
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Foz do Iguaçu 09:35:2810:45:5110:47:3310:49:1612:08:383:252:331.0146
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Criciúma 09:45:2810:58:4611:00:4711:02:4912:24:164:032:391.0255
References: [1]

Places experiencing partial eclipse

Solar Eclipse of November 3, 1994
(Local Times)
Country or territoryCity or placeStart of partial eclipseMaximum eclipseEnd of partial eclipseDuration of eclipse (hr:min)Maximum coverage
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia Bogotá 06:08:0306:55:4707:48:151:4032.05%
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador Galápagos Islands 05:37:33 (sunrise)05:57:0506:52:441:1569.86%
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador Quito 06:05:1206:57:2807:55:231:5054.12%
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia Leticia 06:07:2307:04:0208:07:392:0056.19%
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru Lima 06:10:0107:08:1508:13:372:0494.49%
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia La Paz 07:15:4408:18:5409:30:302:1596.11%
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Iquique 08:19:4009:22:1610:32:542:1396.40%
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia Sucre 07:19:4208:24:4909:38:422:1999.39%
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Antofagasta 08:24:3309:26:5510:36:572:1285.24%
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Pedro Juan Caballero 08:30:1209:41:1511:01:392:3195.08%
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Santiago 08:42:1109:41:3710:47:042:0556.35%
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Encarnación 08:37:1409:48:3011:08:242:3197.60%
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Buenos Aires 08:48:5409:56:3511:11:072:2271.07%
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil São Paulo 09:41:3310:57:4812:22:492:4182.18%
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay Montevideo 08:50:5209:59:5911:15:542:2573.58%
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Rio de Janeiro 09:46:0311:03:4312:29:352:4473.89%
Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.svg  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands King Edward Point 10:48:3811:50:3912:53:272:0539.73%
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Edinburgh of the Seven Seas 13:03:1914:25:5015:42:522:4092.88%
Flag of Norway.svg  Bouvet Island Bouvet Island 14:33:4215:36:3716:36:122:0351.94%
Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Antananarivo 17:32:3717:55:0717:58:22 (sunset)0:2625.47%
Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.svg  French Southern and Antarctic Lands Île de la Possession 19:11:5220:01:3820:27:46 (sunset)1:1651.99%
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Cape Town 16:00:3817:08:1418:08:572:0886.75%
Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia Windhoek 16:14:0217:15:0118:09:341:5642.15%
Flag of Lesotho.svg  Lesotho Maseru 16:14:3717:16:3218:12:231:5875.77%
Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Toliara 17:27:5718:17:0318:19:29 (sunset)0:5266.89%
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Johannesburg 16:18:4917:18:5318:13:051:5464.35%
Flag of Botswana.svg  Botswana Gaborone 16:19:1917:19:0618:12:551:5456.67%
Flag of Eswatini.svg  Eswatini Mbabane 16:20:3817:19:3818:13:031:5367.57%
Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique Maputo 16:21:5017:20:0818:07:26 (sunset)1:4667.51%
Flag of Zimbabwe.svg  Zimbabwe Harare 16:32:4017:24:0818:02:58 (sunset)1:3036.40%
References: [1]

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [15]

November 3, 1994 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1994 November 03 at 11:06:00.2 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1994 November 03 at 12:02:38.7 UTC
First Central Line1994 November 03 at 12:03:41.3 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1994 November 03 at 12:04:44.0 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact1994 November 03 at 13:09:15.5 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1994 November 03 at 13:36:30.1 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1994 November 03 at 13:40:06.0 UTC
Greatest Duration1994 November 03 at 13:42:38.8 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1994 November 03 at 13:48:07.6 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact1994 November 03 at 14:10:44.2 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1994 November 03 at 15:15:21.7 UTC
Last Central Line1994 November 03 at 15:16:24.9 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1994 November 03 at 15:17:28.1 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1994 November 03 at 16:14:07.1 UTC
November 3, 1994 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude1.05351
Eclipse Obscuration1.10989
Gamma−0.35216
Sun Right Ascension14h33m55.8s
Sun Declination-15°05'51.1"
Sun Semi-Diameter16'07.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.9"
Moon Right Ascension14h33m36.5s
Moon Declination-15°26'53.7"
Moon Semi-Diameter16'43.0"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax1°01'21.1"
ΔT60.6 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of November 1994
November 3
Ascending node (new moon)
 November 18
Descending node (full moon)
SE1994Nov03T.png Lunar eclipse chart close-1994Nov18.png
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 133		 Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 145

Eclipses in 1994

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 133

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1993–1996

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [16]

Solar eclipse series sets from 1993 to 1996
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
118 May 21, 1993
SE1993May21P.png
Partial		1.1372123 November 13, 1993
SE1993Nov13P.png
Partial		−1.0411
128
Solar Eclipse 1994 (7160293094).jpg
Partial in Bismarck, ND, USA 		May 10, 1994
SE1994May10A.png
Annular		0.4077133
Diamond Ring, Total Solar Eclipse, Bolivia, 1994 (3183977692).jpg
Totality in Bolivia 		November 3, 1994
SE1994Nov03T.png
Total		−0.3522
138 April 29, 1995
SE1995Apr29A.png
Annular		−0.3382143
Hao WLCC 941103.jpg
Totality in Dundlod, India 		October 24, 1995
SE1995Oct24T.png
Total		0.3518
148 April 17, 1996
SE1996Apr17P.png
Partial		−1.058153 October 12, 1996
SE1996Oct12P.png
Partial		1.1227

Saros 133

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 133, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 13, 1219. It contains annular eclipses from November 20, 1435 through January 13, 1526; a hybrid eclipse on January 24, 1544; and total eclipses from February 3, 1562 through June 21, 2373. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on September 5, 2499. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 25 at 1 minutes, 14 seconds on November 30, 1453, and the longest duration of totality was produced by member 61 at 6 minutes, 50 seconds on August 7, 1850. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit. [17]

Series members 34–55 occur between 1801 and 2200:
343536
SE1814Jul17T.png
July 17, 1814		 SE1832Jul27T.png
July 27, 1832		 SE1850Aug07T.png
August 7, 1850
373839
SE1868Aug18T.png
August 18, 1868 		SE1886Aug29T.png
August 29, 1886 		SE1904Sep09T.png
September 9, 1904
404142
SE1922Sep21T.png
September 21, 1922 		SE1940Oct01T.png
October 1, 1940 		SE1958Oct12T.png
October 12, 1958
434445
SE1976Oct23T.png
October 23, 1976 		SE1994Nov03T.png
November 3, 1994 		SE2012Nov13T.png
November 13, 2012
464748
SE2030Nov25T.png
November 25, 2030 		SE2048Dec05T.png
December 5, 2048 		SE2066Dec17T.png
December 17, 2066
495051
SE2084Dec27T.png
December 27, 2084 		SE2103Jan08T.png
January 8, 2103		 SE2121Jan19T.png
January 19, 2121
525354
SE2139Jan30T.png
January 30, 2139		 SE2157Feb09T.png
February 9, 2157		 SE2175Feb21T.png
February 21, 2175
55
SE2193Mar03T.png
March 3, 2193

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

20 eclipse events between June 10, 1964 and August 21, 2036
June 10–11March 28–29January 14–16November 3August 21–22
117119121123125
SE1964Jun10P.png
June 10, 1964 		SE1968Mar28P.png
March 28, 1968 		SE1972Jan16A.png
January 16, 1972 		SE1975Nov03P.png
November 3, 1975 		SE1979Aug22A.png
August 22, 1979
127129131133135
SE1983Jun11T.png
June 11, 1983 		SE1987Mar29H.png
March 29, 1987 		SE1991Jan15A.png
January 15, 1991 		SE1994Nov03T.png
November 3, 1994 		SE1998Aug22A.png
August 22, 1998
137139141143145
SE2002Jun10A.png
June 10, 2002 		SE2006Mar29T.png
March 29, 2006 		SE2010Jan15A.png
January 15, 2010 		SE2013Nov03H.png
November 3, 2013 		SE2017Aug21T.png
August 21, 2017
147149151153155
SE2021Jun10A.png
June 10, 2021 		SE2025Mar29P.png
March 29, 2025 		SE2029Jan14P.png
January 14, 2029 		SE2032Nov03P.png
November 3, 2032 		SE2036Aug21P.png
August 21, 2036

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1809Apr14A.gif
April 14, 1809
(Saros 116)		 SE1820Mar14T.gif
March 14, 1820
(Saros 117)		 SE1831Feb12A.gif
February 12, 1831
(Saros 118)		 SE1842Jan11A.gif
January 11, 1842
(Saros 119)		 SE1852Dec11T.gif
December 11, 1852
(Saros 120)
SE1863Nov11A.png
November 11, 1863
(Saros 121)		 SE1874Oct10An.gif
October 10, 1874
(Saros 122)		 SE1885Sep08T.png
September 8, 1885
(Saros 123)		 SE1896Aug09T.png
August 9, 1896
(Saros 124)		 SE1907Jul10A.png
July 10, 1907
(Saros 125)
SE1918Jun08T.png
June 8, 1918
(Saros 126)		 SE1929May09T.png
May 9, 1929
(Saros 127)		 SE1940Apr07A.png
April 7, 1940
(Saros 128)		 SE1951Mar07A.png
March 7, 1951
(Saros 129)		 SE1962Feb05T.png
February 5, 1962
(Saros 130)
SE1973Jan04A.png
January 4, 1973
(Saros 131)		 SE1983Dec04A.png
December 4, 1983
(Saros 132)		 SE1994Nov03T.png
November 3, 1994
(Saros 133)		 SE2005Oct03A.png
October 3, 2005
(Saros 134)		 SE2016Sep01A.png
September 1, 2016
(Saros 135)
SE2027Aug02T.png
August 2, 2027
(Saros 136)		 SE2038Jul02A.png
July 2, 2038
(Saros 137)		 SE2049May31A.png
May 31, 2049
(Saros 138)		 SE2060Apr30T.png
April 30, 2060
(Saros 139)		 SE2071Mar31A.png
March 31, 2071
(Saros 140)
SE2082Feb27A.png
February 27, 2082
(Saros 141)		 SE2093Jan27T.png
January 27, 2093
(Saros 142)		 SE2103Dec29A.png
December 29, 2103
(Saros 143)		 SE2114Nov27A.png
November 27, 2114
(Saros 144)		 SE2125Oct26T.png
October 26, 2125
(Saros 145)
SE2136Sep26T.png
September 26, 2136
(Saros 146)		 Saros147 30van80 SE2147Aug26A.jpg
August 26, 2147
(Saros 147)		 SE2158Jul25T.png
July 25, 2158
(Saros 148)		 Saros149 29van71 SE2169Jun25T.jpg
June 25, 2169
(Saros 149)		 Saros150 26van71 SE2180May24A.jpg
May 24, 2180
(Saros 150)
SE2191Apr23A.png
April 23, 2191
(Saros 151)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1821Mar04T.gif
March 4, 1821
(Saros 127)		 SE1850Feb12A.gif
February 12, 1850
(Saros 128)		 SE1879Jan22A.gif
January 22, 1879
(Saros 129)
SE1908Jan03T.png
January 3, 1908
(Saros 130)		 SE1936Dec13A.png
December 13, 1936
(Saros 131)		 SE1965Nov23A.png
November 23, 1965
(Saros 132)
SE1994Nov03T.png
November 3, 1994
(Saros 133)		 SE2023Oct14A.png
October 14, 2023
(Saros 134)		 SE2052Sep22A.png
September 22, 2052
(Saros 135)
SE2081Sep03T.png
September 3, 2081
(Saros 136)		 SE2110Aug15A.png
August 15, 2110
(Saros 137)		 SE2139Jul25A.png
July 25, 2139
(Saros 138)
SE2168Jul05T.png
July 5, 2168
(Saros 139)		 SE2197Jun15A.png
June 15, 2197
(Saros 140)

References

  1. 1 2 3 "November 3, 1994 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  2. ↑ "Ultimo eclipse total de sol del siglo". La Prensa. Panama City, Panama, Panama. 1994-11-03. p. 27. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  3. ↑ "Two Sunrises: Dawn Breaks Twice In South America In Rare Solar Eclipse". The Tyler Courier-Times. Tyler, Texas. 1994-11-03. p. 18. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  4. ↑ "Rare Solar Eclipse Amazes People In South America". Hickory Daily Record. Hickory, North Carolina. 1994-11-03. p. 35. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  5. ↑ "Sun rises twice in rare solar eclipse". The Times. Streator, Illinois. 1994-11-03. p. 9. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  6. ↑ "S. America captivated by rare eclipse of the sun". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Fort Worth, Texas. 1994-11-03. p. 27. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  7. ↑ "Rare solar eclipse yields two sunrises". The Galion Inquirer. Galion, Ohio. 1994-11-03. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  8. ↑ "Eclipse de sol oscurecerá hoy a cinco países sudamericanos". La Prensa. Panama City, Panama, Panama. 1994-11-03. p. 43. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  9. ↑ "Brazilian sky watchers wait for eclipse". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, Illinois. 1994-11-03. p. 5. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  10. ↑ "Eclipse shrouds South America". The Daily Herald-Tribune. Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada. 1994-11-03. p. 9. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  11. ↑ "A day with 2 sunrises". The South Bend Tribune. South Bend, Indiana. 1994-11-03. p. 6. Retrieved 2023-10-18– via Newspapers.com.
  12. ↑ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  13. ↑ "1994 total eclipse". Williams College. Archived from the original on 1 September 2019.
  14. ↑ "ON THE STRUCTURE OF 3.11.94 ECLIPSE CORONA". IZMIRAN. Archived from the original on 22 November 2020.
  15. ↑ "Total Solar Eclipse of 1994 Nov 03". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  16. ↑ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  17. ↑ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 133". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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