Solar eclipse of July 30, 1916

Last updated
Solar eclipse of July 30, 1916
Solar eclipse of July 30, 1916.png
SE1916Jul30A.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma −0.7709
Magnitude 0.9447
Maximum eclipse
Duration384 s (6 min 24 s)
Coordinates 29°00′S132°24′E / 29°S 132.4°E / -29; 132.4
Max. width of band313 km (194 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse2:06:10
References
Saros 144 (11 of 70)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9318

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Sunday, July 30, 1916, [1] [2] [3] with a magnitude of 0.9447. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring 1.75 days after apogee (on July 28, 1916, at 8:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. [4]

Contents

Annularity was visible from only one country, Australia. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Southeast Asia, Australia, Oceania, and Antarctica.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [5]

July 30, 1916 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1916 July 29 at 23:25:03.9 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1916 July 30 at 00:47:30.3 UTC
First Central Line1916 July 30 at 00:50:59.3 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1916 July 30 at 00:54:34.2 UTC
Greatest Duration1916 July 30 at 01:57:38.0 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1916 July 30 at 02:06:10.4 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1916 July 30 at 02:15:15.4 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1916 July 30 at 02:39:41.5 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1916 July 30 at 03:17:25.6 UTC
Last Central Line1916 July 30 at 03:21:00.0 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1916 July 30 at 03:24:28.3 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1916 July 30 at 04:47:01.1 UTC
July 30, 1916 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude0.94470
Eclipse Obscuration0.89247
Gamma–0.77095
Sun Right Ascension08h35m48.5s
Sun Declination+18°38'31.7"
Sun Semi-Diameter15'45.3"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.7"
Moon Right Ascension08h34m48.1s
Moon Declination+17°59'27.9"
Moon Semi-Diameter14'44.7"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°54'06.8"
ΔT18.7 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of July 1916
July 15
Ascending node (full moon)		 July 30
Descending node (new moon)
Lunar eclipse chart close-1916Jul15.png SE1916Jul30A.png
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 118		 Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 144

Eclipses in 1916

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 144

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1913–1917

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [6]

The partial solar eclipses on April 6, 1913 and September 30, 1913 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the solar eclipses on December 24, 1916 (partial), June 19, 1917 (partial), and December 14, 1917 (annular) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1913 to 1917
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
114 August 31, 1913
SE1913Aug31P.png
Partial		1.4512119 February 25, 1914
SE1914Feb25A.png
Annular		−0.9416
124 August 21, 1914
SE1914Aug21T.png
Total		0.7655129 February 14, 1915
SE1915Feb14A.png
Annular		−0.2024
134 August 10, 1915
SE1915Aug10A.png
Annular		0.0124139
Solar eclipse of February 3, 1916 (cropped).png 		February 3, 1916
SE1916Feb03T.png
Total		0.4987
144 July 30, 1916
SE1916Jul30A.png
Annular		−0.7709149 January 23, 1917
SE1917Jan23P.png
Partial		1.1508
154 July 19, 1917
SE1917Jul19P.png
Partial		−1.5101

Saros 144

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 144, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on April 11, 1736. It contains annular eclipses from July 7, 1880 through August 27, 2565. There are no hybrid or total eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 70 as a partial eclipse on May 5, 2980. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 51 at 9 minutes, 52 seconds on December 29, 2168. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit. [7]

Series members 5–26 occur between 1801 and 2200:
567
SE1808May25P.png
May 25, 1808		 SE1826Jun05P.png
June 5, 1826		 SE1844Jun16P.png
June 16, 1844
8910
SE1862Jun27P.png
June 27, 1862		 SE1880Jul07A.png
July 7, 1880		 SE1898Jul18A.png
July 18, 1898
111213
SE1916Jul30A.png
July 30, 1916 		SE1934Aug10A.png
August 10, 1934 		SE1952Aug20A.png
August 20, 1952
141516
SE1970Aug31A.png
August 31, 1970 		SE1988Sep11A.png
September 11, 1988 		SE2006Sep22A.png
September 22, 2006
171819
SE2024Oct02A.png
October 2, 2024 		SE2042Oct14A.png
October 14, 2042 		SE2060Oct24A.png
October 24, 2060
202122
SE2078Nov04A.png
November 4, 2078 		SE2096Nov15A.png
November 15, 2096 		SE2114Nov27A.png
November 27, 2114
232425
SE2132Dec07A.png
December 7, 2132		 SE2150Dec19A.png
December 19, 2150		 SE2168Dec29A.png
December 29, 2168
26
SE2187Jan09A.png
January 9, 2187

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between March 5, 1848 and July 30, 1935
March 5–6December 22–24October 9–11July 29–30May 17–18
108110112114116
SE1848Mar05P.gif
March 5, 1848		 SE1859Jul29P.gif
July 29, 1859		 SE1863May17P.gif
May 17, 1863
118120122124126
SE1867Mar06A.gif
March 6, 1867		 SE1870Dec22T.png
December 22, 1870 		SE1874Oct10An.gif
October 10, 1874		 SE1878Jul29T.png
July 29, 1878 		SE1882May17T.png
May 17, 1882
128130132134136
SE1886Mar05A.gif
March 5, 1886		 SE1889Dec22T.png
December 22, 1889 		SE1893Oct09A.png
October 9, 1893		 SE1897Jul29A.png
July 29, 1897		 SE1901May18T.png
May 18, 1901
138140142144146
SE1905Mar06A.png
March 6, 1905 		SE1908Dec23H.png
December 23, 1908 		SE1912Oct10T.png
October 10, 1912 		SE1916Jul30A.png
July 30, 1916 		SE1920May18P.png
May 18, 1920
148150152154
SE1924Mar05P.png
March 5, 1924 		SE1927Dec24P.png
December 24, 1927 		SE1931Oct11P.png
October 11, 1931 		SE1935Jul30P.png
July 30, 1935

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

The partial solar eclipses on November 16, 2134 (part of Saros 164) and October 16, 2145 (part of Saros 165) are also a part of this series but are not included in the table below.

Series members between 1801 and 2069
SE1807Jun06H.png
June 6, 1807
(Saros 134)		 SE1818May05A.gif
May 5, 1818
(Saros 135)		 SE1829Apr03T.gif
April 3, 1829
(Saros 136)		 SE1840Mar04A.png
March 4, 1840
(Saros 137)		 SE1851Feb01A.gif
February 1, 1851
(Saros 138)
SE1861Dec31T.gif
December 31, 1861
(Saros 139)		 SE1872Nov30H.gif
November 30, 1872
(Saros 140)		 SE1883Oct30A.gif
October 30, 1883
(Saros 141)		 SE1894Sep29T.gif
September 29, 1894
(Saros 142)		 SE1905Aug30T.png
August 30, 1905
(Saros 143)
SE1916Jul30A.png
July 30, 1916
(Saros 144)		 SE1927Jun29T.png
June 29, 1927
(Saros 145)		 SE1938May29T.png
May 29, 1938
(Saros 146)		 SE1949Apr28P.png
April 28, 1949
(Saros 147)		 SE1960Mar27P.png
March 27, 1960
(Saros 148)
SE1971Feb25P.png
February 25, 1971
(Saros 149)		 SE1982Jan25P.png
January 25, 1982
(Saros 150)		 SE1992Dec24P.png
December 24, 1992
(Saros 151)		 SE2003Nov23T.png
November 23, 2003
(Saros 152)		 SE2014Oct23P.png
October 23, 2014
(Saros 153)
SE2025Sep21P.png
September 21, 2025
(Saros 154)		 SE2036Aug21P.png
August 21, 2036
(Saros 155)		 SE2047Jul22P.png
July 22, 2047
(Saros 156)		 SE2058Jun21P.png
June 21, 2058
(Saros 157)		 SE2069May20P.png
May 20, 2069
(Saros 158)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1829Sep28A.gif
September 28, 1829
(Saros 141)		 SE1858Sep07T.png
September 7, 1858
(Saros 142)		 SE1887Aug19T.png
August 19, 1887
(Saros 143)
SE1916Jul30A.png
July 30, 1916
(Saros 144)		 SE1945Jul09T.png
July 9, 1945
(Saros 145)		 SE1974Jun20T.png
June 20, 1974
(Saros 146)
SE2003May31A.png
May 31, 2003
(Saros 147)		 SE2032May09A.png
May 9, 2032
(Saros 148)		 SE2061Apr20T.png
April 20, 2061
(Saros 149)
SE2090Mar31P.png
March 31, 2090
(Saros 150)		 Saros151 20van72 SE2119Mar11A.jpg
March 11, 2119
(Saros 151)		 Saros152 20van70 SE2148Feb19T.jpg
February 19, 2148
(Saros 152)
Saros153 18van70 SE2177Jan29A.jpg
January 29, 2177
(Saros 153)

Notes

  1. ↑ "July 29–30, 1916 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  2. ↑ "ECLIPSE OF THE SUN. A STRIKING SPECTACLE. CROWDS USE SMOKED GLASS. WORK IN OBSERVATORY". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Victoria, Australia. 1916-07-31. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-12-02– via Newspapers.com.
  3. ↑ "SOLAR ECLIPSE. SPLENDID VIEW IN SYDNEY". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia. 1916-07-31. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-12-02– via Newspapers.com.
  4. ↑ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  5. ↑ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1916 Jul 30". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  6. ↑ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  7. ↑ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 144". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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References

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