Solar eclipse of July 20, 1944

Last updated
Solar eclipse of July 20, 1944
SE1944Jul20A.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma −0.0314
Magnitude 0.97
Maximum eclipse
Duration222 s (3 min 42 s)
Coordinates 19°00′N95°42′E / 19°N 95.7°E / 19; 95.7
Max. width of band108 km (67 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse5:43:13
References
Saros 135 (35 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9385

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Thursday, July 20, 1944, [1] with a magnitude of 0.97. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 4.6 days before apogee (on July 24, 1944, at 19:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. [2]

Contents

Annularity was visible from British Uganda (today's Uganda), Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (the part now belonging to South Sudan), British Kenya (today's Kenya), Ethiopia, British Somaliland (today's Somalia), British Raj (the part now belonging to India), Burma, Thailand, French Indochina (the parts now belonging to Laos and Vietnam), Philippines, South Seas Mandate in Japan (the part now belonging to Hatohobei, Palau) the Territory of New Guinea (now belonging to Papua New Guinea). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of East Africa, West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Australia.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [3]

July 20, 1944 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1944 July 20 at 02:43:03.9 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1944 July 20 at 03:46:12.4 UTC
First Central Line1944 July 20 at 03:47:41.2 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1944 July 20 at 03:49:10.0 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact1944 July 20 at 04:52:23.2 UTC
Greatest Duration1944 July 20 at 05:41:10.0 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1944 July 20 at 05:42:50.9 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1944 July 20 at 05:43:12.7 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1944 July 20 at 05:43:33.9 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact1944 July 20 at 06:34:00.8 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1944 July 20 at 07:37:13.5 UTC
Last Central Line1944 July 20 at 07:38:44.7 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1944 July 20 at 07:40:16.0 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1944 July 20 at 08:43:26.9 UTC
July 20, 1944 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude0.97004
Eclipse Obscuration0.94098
Gamma−0.03135
Sun Right Ascension07h57m43.1s
Sun Declination+20°41'32.4"
Sun Semi-Diameter15'44.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.7"
Moon Right Ascension07h57m42.4s
Moon Declination+20°39'49.3"
Moon Semi-Diameter15'02.1"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°55'10.8"
ΔT26.5 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of July–August 1944
July 6
Descending node (full moon)
July 20
Ascending node (new moon)
August 4
Descending node (full moon)
Lunar eclipse chart close-1944Jul06.png SE1944Jul20A.png Lunar eclipse chart close-1944Aug04.png
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 109
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 135
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 147

Eclipses in 1944

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 135

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1942–1946

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [4]

The partial solar eclipses on March 16, 1942 and September 10, 1942 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipses on May 30, 1946 and November 23, 1946 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1942 to 1946
Ascending node Descending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
115 August 12, 1942
SE1942Aug12P.png
Partial
−1.5244120 February 4, 1943
SE1943Feb04T.png
Total
0.8734
125 August 1, 1943
SE1943Aug01A.png
Annular
−0.8041130 January 25, 1944
SE1944Jan25T.png
Total
0.2025
135 July 20, 1944
SE1944Jul20A.png
Annular
−0.0314140 January 14, 1945
SE1945Jan14A.png
Annular
−0.4937
145 July 9, 1945
1945Jul09T.png
Total
0.7356150 January 3, 1946
SE1946Jan03P.png
Partial
−1.2392
155 June 29, 1946
SE1946Jun29P.png
Partial
1.4361

Saros 135

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 135, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 5, 1331. It contains annular eclipses from October 21, 1511 through February 24, 2305; hybrid eclipses on March 8, 2323 and March 18, 2341; and total eclipses from March 29, 2359 through May 22, 2449. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on August 17, 2593. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 16 at 10 minutes, 41 seconds on December 24, 1601, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 62 at 2 minutes, 27 seconds on May 12, 2431. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit. [5]

Series members 28–49 occur between 1801 and 2200:
282930
SE1818May05A.png
May 5, 1818
SE1836May15A.png
May 15, 1836
SE1854May26A.png
May 26, 1854
313233
SE1872Jun06A.gif
June 6, 1872
SE1890Jun17A.png
June 17, 1890
SE1908Jun28A.png
June 28, 1908
343536
SE1926Jul09A.png
July 9, 1926
SE1944Jul20A.png
July 20, 1944
SE1962Jul31A.png
July 31, 1962
373839
SE1980Aug10A.png
August 10, 1980
SE1998Aug22A.png
August 22, 1998
SE2016Sep01A.png
September 1, 2016
404242
SE2034Sep12A.png
September 12, 2034
SE2052Sep22A.png
September 22, 2052
SE2070Oct04A.png
October 4, 2070
434445
SE2088Oct14A.png
October 14, 2088
SE2106Oct26A.png
October 26, 2106
SE2124Nov06A.png
November 6, 2124
464748
SE2142Nov17A.png
November 17, 2142
SE2160Nov27A.png
November 27, 2160
SE2178Dec09A.png
December 9, 2178
49
SE2196Dec19A.png
December 19, 2196

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

22 eclipse events between December 13, 1898 and July 20, 1982
December 13–14October 1–2July 20–21May 9February 24–25
111113115117119
SE1898Dec13P.gif
December 13, 1898
SE1906Jul21P.png
July 21, 1906
SE1910May09T.png
May 9, 1910
SE1914Feb25A.png
February 25, 1914
121123125127129
SE1917Dec14A.png
December 14, 1917
SE1921Oct01T.png
October 1, 1921
SE1925Jul20A.png
July 20, 1925
SE1929May09T.png
May 9, 1929
SE1933Feb24A.png
February 24, 1933
131133135137139
SE1936Dec13A.png
December 13, 1936
SE1940Oct01T.png
October 1, 1940
SE1944Jul20A.png
July 20, 1944
SE1948May09A.png
May 9, 1948
SE1952Feb25T.png
February 25, 1952
141143145147149
SE1955Dec14A.png
December 14, 1955
SE1959Oct02T.png
October 2, 1959
SE1963Jul20T.png
July 20, 1963
SE1967May09P.png
May 9, 1967
SE1971Feb25P.png
February 25, 1971
151153155
SE1974Dec13P.png
December 13, 1974
SE1978Oct02P.png
October 2, 1978
SE1982Jul20P.png
July 20, 1982

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1802Aug28A.png
August 28, 1802
(Saros 122)
SE1813Jul27T.gif
July 27, 1813
(Saros 123)
SE1824Jun26T.png
June 26, 1824
(Saros 124)
SE1835May27A.gif
May 27, 1835
(Saros 125)
SE1846Apr25H.gif
April 25, 1846
(Saros 126)
SE1857Mar25T.png
March 25, 1857
(Saros 127)
SE1868Feb23A.gif
February 23, 1868
(Saros 128)
SE1879Jan22A.gif
January 22, 1879
(Saros 129)
SE1889Dec22T.png
December 22, 1889
(Saros 130)
SE1900Nov22A.png
November 22, 1900
(Saros 131)
SE1911Oct22A.png
October 22, 1911
(Saros 132)
SE1922Sep21T.png
September 21, 1922
(Saros 133)
SE1933Aug21A.png
August 21, 1933
(Saros 134)
SE1944Jul20A.png
July 20, 1944
(Saros 135)
SE1955Jun20T.png
June 20, 1955
(Saros 136)
SE1966May20A.png
May 20, 1966
(Saros 137)
SE1977Apr18A.png
April 18, 1977
(Saros 138)
SE1988Mar18T.png
March 18, 1988
(Saros 139)
SE1999Feb16A.png
February 16, 1999
(Saros 140)
SE2010Jan15A.png
January 15, 2010
(Saros 141)
SE2020Dec14T.png
December 14, 2020
(Saros 142)
SE2031Nov14H.png
November 14, 2031
(Saros 143)
SE2042Oct14A.png
October 14, 2042
(Saros 144)
SE2053Sep12T.png
September 12, 2053
(Saros 145)
SE2064Aug12T.png
August 12, 2064
(Saros 146)
SE2075Jul13A.png
July 13, 2075
(Saros 147)
SE2086Jun11T.png
June 11, 2086
(Saros 148)
SE2097May11T.png
May 11, 2097
(Saros 149)
Saros150 22van71 SE2108Apr11P.jpg
April 11, 2108
(Saros 150)
Saros151 20van72 SE2119Mar11A.jpg
March 11, 2119
(Saros 151)
Saros152 19van70 SE2130Feb08T.jpg
February 8, 2130
(Saros 152)
SE2141Jan08A.png
January 8, 2141
(Saros 153)
Saros154 14van71 SE2151Dec08A.jpg
December 8, 2151
(Saros 154)
Saros155 14van71 SE2162Nov07T.jpg
November 7, 2162
(Saros 155)
Saros156 10van69 SE2173Oct07A.jpg
October 7, 2173
(Saros 156)
SE2184Sep04A.png
September 4, 2184
(Saros 157)
Saros158 08van70 SE2195Aug05T.jpg
August 5, 2195
(Saros 158)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1828Oct09A.gif
October 9, 1828
(Saros 131)
SE1857Sep18A.gif
September 18, 1857
(Saros 132)
SE1886Aug29T.png
August 29, 1886
(Saros 133)
SE1915Aug10A.png
August 10, 1915
(Saros 134)
SE1944Jul20A.png
July 20, 1944
(Saros 135)
SE1973Jun30T.png
June 30, 1973
(Saros 136)
SE2002Jun10A.png
June 10, 2002
(Saros 137)
SE2031May21A.png
May 21, 2031
(Saros 138)
SE2060Apr30T.png
April 30, 2060
(Saros 139)
SE2089Apr10A.png
April 10, 2089
(Saros 140)
SE2118Mar22A.png
March 22, 2118
(Saros 141)
SE2147Mar02T.png
March 2, 2147
(Saros 142)
SE2176Feb10A.png
February 10, 2176
(Saros 143)

Notes

  1. "July 20, 1944 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
  2. "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
  3. "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1944 Jul 20". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
  4. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 135". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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References