Solar eclipse of December 25, 1954

Last updated
Solar eclipse of December 25, 1954
SE1954Dec25A.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma −0.2576
Magnitude 0.9323
Maximum eclipse
Duration459 s (7 min 39 s)
Coordinates 38°24′S68°12′E / 38.4°S 68.2°E / -38.4; 68.2
Max. width of band262 km (163 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse7:36:42
References
Saros 131 (47 of 70)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9409

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Saturday, December 25, 1954 (also known as "The Christmas 1954 solar eclipse"), [1] with a magnitude of 0.9323. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometers wide. Occurring about 4.9 days after apogee (on December 21, 1954, at 8:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. [2]

Contents

Annularity was visible from the southwestern tip of South West Africa (Now Namibia), Union of South Africa (Now South Africa), Ashmore and Cartier Islands except Cartier Island, Indonesia and Portuguese Timor (Now East Timor). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Southern Africa, Antarctica, Southeast Asia, and Australia.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [3]

December 25, 1954 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1954 December 25 at 04:35:22.0 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1954 December 25 at 05:40:42.2 UTC
First Central Line1954 December 25 at 05:43:40.3 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1954 December 25 at 05:46:38.6 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact1954 December 25 at 06:56:43.3 UTC
Greatest Duration1954 December 25 at 07:29:49.2 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1954 December 25 at 07:32:58.2 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1954 December 25 at 07:33:39.3 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1954 December 25 at 07:36:42.4 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact1954 December 25 at 08:16:48.3 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1954 December 25 at 09:26:50.4 UTC
Last Central Line1954 December 25 at 09:29:46.5 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1954 December 25 at 09:32:42.2 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1954 December 25 at 10:37:59.4 UTC
December 25, 1954 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude0.93233
Eclipse Obscuration0.86925
Gamma−0.25762
Sun Right Ascension18h12m59.7s
Sun Declination-23°24'41.6"
Sun Semi-Diameter16'15.7"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.9"
Moon Right Ascension18h13m07.2s
Moon Declination-23°38'40.4"
Moon Semi-Diameter14'56.4"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°54'49.7"
ΔT31.1 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of December 1954–January 1955
December 25
Ascending node (new moon)
January 8
Descending node (full moon)
SE1954Dec25A.png Lunar eclipse chart close-1955Jan08.png
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 131
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 143

Eclipses in 1954

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 131

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1953–1956

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [4]

The partial solar eclipses on February 14, 1953 and August 9, 1953 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1953 to 1956
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
116 July 11, 1953
SE1953Jul11P.png
Partial
1.4388121 January 5, 1954
SE1954Jan05A.png
Annular
−0.9296
126 June 30, 1954
SE1954Jun30T.png
Total
0.6135131 December 25, 1954
SE1954Dec25A.png
Annular
−0.2576
136 June 20, 1955
SE1955Jun20T.png
Total
−0.1528141 December 14, 1955
SE1955Dec14A.png
Annular
0.4266
146 June 8, 1956
SE1956Jun08T.png
Total
−0.8934151 December 2, 1956
SE1956Dec02P.png
Partial
1.0923

Saros 131

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 131, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on August 1, 1125. It contains total eclipses from March 27, 1522 through May 30, 1612; hybrid eclipses from June 10, 1630 through July 24, 1702; and annular eclipses from August 4, 1720 through June 18, 2243. The series ends at member 70 as a partial eclipse on September 2, 2369. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 28 at 58 seconds on May 30, 1612, and the longest duration of annularity was produced by member 50 at 7 minutes, 54 seconds on January 26, 2009. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit. [5]

Series members 39–60 occur between 1801 and 2200:
394041
SE1810Sep28A.png
September 28, 1810
SE1828Oct09A.png
October 9, 1828
SE1846Oct20A.png
October 20, 1846
424344
SE1864Oct30A.png
October 30, 1864
SE1882Nov10A.png
November 10, 1882
SE1900Nov22A.png
November 22, 1900
454647
SE1918Dec03A.png
December 3, 1918
SE1936Dec13A.png
December 13, 1936
SE1954Dec25A.png
December 25, 1954
484950
SE1973Jan04A.png
January 4, 1973
SE1991Jan15A.png
January 15, 1991
SE2009Jan26A.png
January 26, 2009
515253
SE2027Feb06A.png
February 6, 2027
SE2045Feb16A.png
February 16, 2045
SE2063Feb28A.png
February 28, 2063
545556
SE2081Mar10A.png
March 10, 2081
SE2099Mar21A.png
March 21, 2099
SE2117Apr02A.png
April 2, 2117
575859
SE2135Apr13A.png
April 13, 2135
SE2153Apr23A.png
April 23, 2153
SE2171May05A.png
May 5, 2171
60
SE2189May15A.png
May 15, 2189

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

22 eclipse events between December 24, 1916 and July 31, 2000
December 24–25October 12July 31–August 1May 19–20March 7
111113115117119
SE1916Dec24P.png
December 24, 1916
SE1924Jul31P.png
July 31, 1924
SE1928May19T.png
May 19, 1928
SE1932Mar07A.png
March 7, 1932
121123125127129
SE1935Dec25A.png
December 25, 1935
SE1939Oct12T.png
October 12, 1939
SE1943Aug01A.png
August 1, 1943
SE1947May20T.png
May 20, 1947
SE1951Mar07A.png
March 7, 1951
131133135137139
SE1954Dec25A.png
December 25, 1954
SE1958Oct12T.png
October 12, 1958
SE1962Jul31A.png
July 31, 1962
SE1966May20A.png
May 20, 1966
SE1970Mar07T.png
March 7, 1970
141143145147149
SE1973Dec24A.png
December 24, 1973
SE1977Oct12T.png
October 12, 1977
SE1981Jul31T.png
July 31, 1981
SE1985May19P.png
May 19, 1985
SE1989Mar07P.png
March 7, 1989
151153155
SE1992Dec24P.png
December 24, 1992
SE1996Oct12P.png
October 12, 1996
SE2000Jul31P.png
July 31, 2000

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1802Mar04T.png
March 4, 1802
(Saros 117)
SE1813Feb01A.gif
February 1, 1813
(Saros 118)
SE1824Jan01A.gif
January 1, 1824
(Saros 119)
SE1834Nov30T.gif
November 30, 1834
(Saros 120)
SE1845Oct30H.png
October 30, 1845
(Saros 121)
SE1856Sep29A.gif
September 29, 1856
(Saros 122)
SE1867Aug29T.png
August 29, 1867
(Saros 123)
SE1878Jul29T.png
July 29, 1878
(Saros 124)
SE1889Jun28A.png
June 28, 1889
(Saros 125)
SE1900May28T.png
May 28, 1900
(Saros 126)
SE1911Apr28T.png
April 28, 1911
(Saros 127)
SE1922Mar28A.png
March 28, 1922
(Saros 128)
SE1933Feb24A.png
February 24, 1933
(Saros 129)
SE1944Jan25T.png
January 25, 1944
(Saros 130)
SE1954Dec25A.png
December 25, 1954
(Saros 131)
SE1965Nov23A.png
November 23, 1965
(Saros 132)
SE1976Oct23T.png
October 23, 1976
(Saros 133)
SE1987Sep23A.png
September 23, 1987
(Saros 134)
SE1998Aug22A.png
August 22, 1998
(Saros 135)
SE2009Jul22T.png
July 22, 2009
(Saros 136)
SE2020Jun21A.png
June 21, 2020
(Saros 137)
SE2031May21A.png
May 21, 2031
(Saros 138)
SE2042Apr20T.png
April 20, 2042
(Saros 139)
SE2053Mar20A.png
March 20, 2053
(Saros 140)
SE2064Feb17A.png
February 17, 2064
(Saros 141)
SE2075Jan16T.png
January 16, 2075
(Saros 142)
SE2085Dec16A.png
December 16, 2085
(Saros 143)
SE2096Nov15A.png
November 15, 2096
(Saros 144)
SE2107Oct16T.png
October 16, 2107
(Saros 145)
SE2118Sep15T.png
September 15, 2118
(Saros 146)
SE2129Aug15A.png
August 15, 2129
(Saros 147)
Saros148 28van75 SE2140Jul14T.jpg
July 14, 2140
(Saros 148)
Saros149 28van71 SE2151Jun14T.jpg
June 14, 2151
(Saros 149)
Saros150 25van71 SE2162May14A.jpg
May 14, 2162
(Saros 150)
Saros151 23van72 SE2173Apr12A.jpg
April 12, 2173
(Saros 151)
Saros152 22van70 SE2184Mar12T.jpg
March 12, 2184
(Saros 152)
Saros153 19van70 SE2195Feb10A.jpg
February 10, 2195
(Saros 153)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1810Apr04A.gif
April 4, 1810
(Saros 126)
SE1839Mar15T.gif
March 15, 1839
(Saros 127)
SE1868Feb23A.gif
February 23, 1868
(Saros 128)
SE1897Feb01A.gif
February 1, 1897
(Saros 129)
SE1926Jan14T.png
January 14, 1926
(Saros 130)
SE1954Dec25A.png
December 25, 1954
(Saros 131)
SE1983Dec04A.png
December 4, 1983
(Saros 132)
SE2012Nov13T.png
November 13, 2012
(Saros 133)
SE2041Oct25A.png
October 25, 2041
(Saros 134)
SE2070Oct04A.png
October 4, 2070
(Saros 135)
SE2099Sep14T.png
September 14, 2099
(Saros 136)
SE2128Aug25A.png
August 25, 2128
(Saros 137)
SE2157Aug05A.png
August 5, 2157
(Saros 138)
SE2186Jul16T.png
July 16, 2186
(Saros 139)

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References

Notes
  1. "December 25, 1954 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  2. "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  3. "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1954 Dec 25". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  4. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 131". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
Sources