Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995

Last updated
Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995
Hao WLCC 941103.jpg
Corona during total solar eclipse by Fred Espenak from Dundlod, India
SE1995Oct24T.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma 0.3518
Magnitude 1.0213
Maximum eclipse
Duration130 s (2 min 10 s)
Coordinates 8°24′N113°12′E / 8.4°N 113.2°E / 8.4; 113.2
Max. width of band78 km (48 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse4:33:30
References
Saros 143 (22 of 72)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9498

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Tuesday, October 24, 1995, with a magnitude of 1.0213. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The path of totality went through Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, southwestern tip of Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Spratly Islands, northeastern tip of Sabah of Malaysia, Philippines and Indonesia.

Contents

Observation

India

An aerial observation of this eclipse was done over India, [1] when a MiG-25 reconnaissance aircraft of the Indian Air Force was used to take images of this eclipse at an altitude of 25 km. [2]

The Indian Institute of Astrophysics established camps along the path of totality in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Iradatganj and Diamond Harbour near Kolkata. Astronomers from other institutions and abroad from the Slovakia, Brazil, Russia, Japan and Germany joined IIA at its camps. An IIA team also photographed the eclipse by chasing the Moon’s shadow in an Indian Air Force plane AN-32 from the crew escape hatch on the roof of the cockpit at an altitude of 10,000 feet (3,000 m) above the sea level, which was the first time efforts made by the institute. Doordarshan and All India Radio made live coverages of the eclipse. The eclipse happened to occur on the day of the Diwali. [3]

China

Within the Spratly Islands claimed by China, only Cuarteron Reef was controlled by China and lay in the path of totality. Instead of going to the faraway island, The Popular Science Committee of the Chinese Astronomical Society, Beijing Astronomical Society, Beijing Planetarium and Beijing Astronomical Observatory (now incorporated into the National Astronomical Observatories of China) jointly organized observations abroad for the first time. A team of 4 was sent to Sikhio district, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand by the Beijing Planetarium, and successfully photographed the whole process of the eclipse, the corona at the greatest eclipse, and the Baily's beads at the 2nd and 3rd contact. [4]

In addition, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Electronics Industry, China Earthquake Administration, State Education Commission (now Ministry of Education) and departments in charge of water conservancy and meteorology conducted joint observations on changes of solar radiation, ionosphere, geomagnetic field, radio and acoustic heavy waves, mainly in the Paracel Islands, Sanya, Haikou and Zhengzhou. From all these places, only a partial solar eclipse was visible instead of a total solar eclipse. [5]

List of major cities in the path of totality

Phil Whitaker's prize-winning debut novel Eclipse of the Sun published in 1997 and set in India has at its centre a dramatic attempt to organize a public viewing of the eclipse.

Images

SE1995Oct24T.gif

Eclipses in 1995

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 143

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1993–1996

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [7]

Solar eclipse series sets from 1993 to 1996
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
118 May 21, 1993
SE1993May21P.png
Partial
1.1372123 November 13, 1993
SE1993Nov13P.png
Partial
−1.0411
128
Solar Eclipse 1994 (7160293094).jpg
Partial in Bismarck, ND, USA
May 10, 1994
SE1994May10A.png
Annular
0.4077133
Diamond Ring, Total Solar Eclipse, Bolivia, 1994 (3183977692).jpg
Totality in Bolivia
November 3, 1994
SE1994Nov03T.png
Total
−0.3522
138 April 29, 1995
SE1995Apr29A.png
Annular
−0.3382143
Hao WLCC 941103.jpg
Totality in Dundlod, India
October 24, 1995
SE1995Oct24T.png
Total
0.3518
148 April 17, 1996
SE1996Apr17P.png
Partial
−1.058153 October 12, 1996
SE1996Oct12P.png
Partial
1.1227

Saros 143

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 143, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on March 7, 1617. It contains total eclipses from June 24, 1797 through October 24, 1995; hybrid eclipses from November 3, 2013 through December 6, 2067; and annular eclipses from December 16, 2085 through September 16, 2536. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on April 23, 2897. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 16 at 3 minutes, 50 seconds on August 19, 1887, and the longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 51 at 4 minutes, 54 seconds on September 6, 2518. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit. [8]

Series members 12–33 occur between 1801 and 2200:
121314
SE1815Jul06T.png
July 6, 1815
SE1833Jul17T.png
July 17, 1833
SE1851Jul28T.png
July 28, 1851
151617
SE1869Aug07T.png
August 7, 1869
SE1887Aug19T.png
August 19, 1887
SE1905Aug30T.png
August 30, 1905
181920
SE1923Sep10T.png
September 10, 1923
SE1941Sep21T.png
September 21, 1941
SE1959Oct02T.png
October 2, 1959
212223
SE1977Oct12T.png
October 12, 1977
SE1995Oct24T.png
October 24, 1995
SE2013Nov03H.png
November 3, 2013
242526
SE2031Nov14H.png
November 14, 2031
SE2049Nov25H.png
November 25, 2049
SE2067Dec06H.png
December 6, 2067
272829
SE2085Dec16A.png
December 16, 2085
SE2103Dec29A.png
December 29, 2103
SE2122Jan08A.png
January 8, 2122
303132
SE2140Jan20A.png
January 20, 2140
SE2158Jan30A.png
January 30, 2158
SE2176Feb10A.png
February 10, 2176
33
SE2194Feb21A.png
February 21, 2194

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1810Apr04A.gif
April 4, 1810
(Saros 126)
SE1821Mar04T.gif
March 4, 1821
(Saros 127)
SE1832Feb01A.gif
February 1, 1832
(Saros 128)
SE1842Dec31A.gif
December 31, 1842
(Saros 129)
SE1853Nov30T.png
November 30, 1853
(Saros 130)
SE1864Oct30A.gif
October 30, 1864
(Saros 131)
SE1875Sep29A.gif
September 29, 1875
(Saros 132)
SE1886Aug29T.png
August 29, 1886
(Saros 133)
SE1897Jul29A.gif
July 29, 1897
(Saros 134)
SE1908Jun28A.png
June 28, 1908
(Saros 135)
SE1919May29T.png
May 29, 1919
(Saros 136)
SE1930Apr28H.png
April 28, 1930
(Saros 137)
SE1941Mar27A.png
March 27, 1941
(Saros 138)
SE1952Feb25T.png
February 25, 1952
(Saros 139)
SE1963Jan25A.png
January 25, 1963
(Saros 140)
SE1973Dec24A.png
December 24, 1973
(Saros 141)
SE1984Nov22T.png
November 22, 1984
(Saros 142)
SE1995Oct24T.png
October 24, 1995
(Saros 143)
SE2006Sep22A.png
September 22, 2006
(Saros 144)
SE2017Aug21T.png
August 21, 2017
(Saros 145)
SE2028Jul22T.png
July 22, 2028
(Saros 146)
SE2039Jun21A.png
June 21, 2039
(Saros 147)
SE2050May20H.png
May 20, 2050
(Saros 148)
SE2061Apr20T.png
April 20, 2061
(Saros 149)
SE2072Mar19P.png
March 19, 2072
(Saros 150)
SE2083Feb16P.png
February 16, 2083
(Saros 151)
SE2094Jan16T.png
January 16, 2094
(Saros 152)
Saros153 14van70 SE2104Dec17A.jpg
December 17, 2104
(Saros 153)
SE2115Nov16A.png
November 16, 2115
(Saros 154)
SE2126Oct16T.png
October 16, 2126
(Saros 155)
Saros156 08van69 SE2137Sep15P.jpg
September 15, 2137
(Saros 156)
Saros157 06van70 SE2148Aug14P.jpg
August 14, 2148
(Saros 157)
Saros158 06van70 SE2159Jul15P.jpg
July 15, 2159
(Saros 158)
Saros159 03van70 SE2170Jun14P.jpg
June 14, 2170
(Saros 159)
Saros160 01van71 SE2181May13P.jpg
May 13, 2181
(Saros 160)
Saros161 02van72 SE2192Apr12P.jpg
April 12, 2192
(Saros 161)

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

22 eclipse events between January 5, 1935 and August 11, 2018
January 4–5October 23–24August 10–12May 30–31March 18–19
111113115117119
SE1935Jan05P.png
January 5, 1935
SE1942Aug12P.png
August 12, 1942
SE1946May30P.png
May 30, 1946
SE1950Mar18A.png
March 18, 1950
121123125127129
SE1954Jan05A.png
January 5, 1954
SE1957Oct23T.png
October 23, 1957
SE1961Aug11A.png
August 11, 1961
SE1965May30T.png
May 30, 1965
SE1969Mar18A.png
March 18, 1969
131133135137139
SE1973Jan04A.png
January 4, 1973
SE1976Oct23T.png
October 23, 1976
SE1980Aug10A.png
August 10, 1980
SE1984May30A.png
May 30, 1984
SE1988Mar18T.png
March 18, 1988
141143145147149
SE1992Jan04A.png
January 4, 1992
SE1995Oct24T.png
October 24, 1995
SE1999Aug11T.png
August 11, 1999
SE2003May31A.png
May 31, 2003
SE2007Mar19P.png
March 19, 2007
151153155
SE2011Jan04P.png
January 4, 2011
SE2014Oct23P.png
October 23, 2014
SE2018Aug11P.png
August 11, 2018

Notes

  1. The MIGnificient Flying Machines - MiG-25R Archived 2019-05-05 at the Wayback Machine Bharat Rakshak.com 22 August 2017
  2. Bhatnagar, A; Livingston, William Charles (2005). Fundamentals of Solar Astronomy. World Scientific. p. 157. ISBN   9812382445.
  3. R. C. Kapoor. "SOME TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSES OBSERVED FROM INDIA". Indian Institute of Astrophysics. Archived from the original on 28 November 2012.
  4. "1995年10月24日泰国日全食". 21 July 2008. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020.
  5. 1995年10月24日日全食观测. 河南省郑州集邮公司.
  6. "October 24, 1995 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  7. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  8. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 143". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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References

Photos: