Solar eclipse of February 14, 1915

Last updated
Solar eclipse of February 14, 1915
SE1915Feb14A.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma −0.2024
Magnitude 0.9789
Maximum eclipse
Duration124 s (2 min 4 s)
Coordinates 24°00′S120°42′E / 24°S 120.7°E / -24; 120.7
Max. width of band77 km (48 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse4:33:20
References
Saros 129 (46 of 80)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9315

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Sunday, February 14, 1915, [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] with a magnitude of 0.9789. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. The Moon's apparent diameter was near the average diameter because it occurred 6.7 days after perigee (on February 7, 1915, at 13:20 UTC) and 7.1 days before apogee (on February 21, 1915, at 5:50 UTC). [6]

Contents

Annularity was visible from Australia, Papua in Dutch East Indies (today's Indonesia), German New Guinea (now belonging to Papua New Guinea), and the South Seas Mandate of Japan (the parts now belonging to FS Micronesia and Marshall Islands, including Palikir). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica, Australia, Oceania, and Southeast Asia.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [7]

February 14, 1915 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1915 February 14 at 01:41:50.2 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1915 February 14 at 02:43:23.8 UTC
First Central Line1915 February 14 at 02:44:33.6 UTC
Greatest Duration1915 February 14 at 02:44:33.6 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1915 February 14 at 02:45:43.5 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact1915 February 14 at 03:49:42.8 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1915 February 14 at 04:22:46.6 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1915 February 14 at 04:31:05.1 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1915 February 14 at 04:33:20.0 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact1915 February 14 at 05:17:11.0 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1915 February 14 at 06:21:01.1 UTC
Last Central Line1915 February 14 at 06:22:13.8 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1915 February 14 at 06:23:26.5 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1915 February 14 at 07:25:00.5 UTC
February 14, 1915 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude0.97890
Eclipse Obscuration0.95825
Gamma−0.20238
Sun Right Ascension21h46m51.7s
Sun Declination-13°23'30.7"
Sun Semi-Diameter16'11.7"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.9"
Moon Right Ascension21h47m11.9s
Moon Declination-13°33'58.6"
Moon Semi-Diameter15'36.4"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°57'16.6"
ΔT17.3 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of January–March 1915
January 31
Descending node (full moon)
February 14
Ascending node (new moon)
March 1
Descending node (full moon)
Lunar eclipse chart close-1915Jan31.png SE1915Feb14A.png Lunar eclipse chart close-1915Mar01.png
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 103
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 129
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 141

Eclipses in 1915

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 129

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1913–1917

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [8]

The partial solar eclipses on April 6, 1913 and September 30, 1913 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the solar eclipses on December 24, 1916 (partial), June 19, 1917 (partial), and December 14, 1917 (annular) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1913 to 1917
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
114 August 31, 1913
SE1913Aug31P.png
Partial
1.4512119 February 25, 1914
SE1914Feb25A.png
Annular
−0.9416
124 August 21, 1914
SE1914Aug21T.png
Total
0.7655129 February 14, 1915
SE1915Feb14A.png
Annular
−0.2024
134 August 10, 1915
SE1915Aug10A.png
Annular
0.0124139
Solar eclipse of February 3, 1916 (cropped).png
February 3, 1916
SE1916Feb03T.png
Total
0.4987
144 July 30, 1916
SE1916Jul30A.png
Annular
−0.7709149 January 23, 1917
SE1917Jan23P.png
Partial
1.1508
154 July 19, 1917
SE1917Jul19P.png
Partial
−1.5101

Saros 129

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 129, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 80 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on October 3, 1103. It contains annular eclipses from May 6, 1464 through March 18, 1969; hybrid eclipses from March 29, 1987 through April 20, 2023; and total eclipses from April 30, 2041 through July 26, 2185. The series ends at member 80 as a partial eclipse on February 21, 2528. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 34 at 5 minutes, 10 seconds on October 4, 1698, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 58 at 3 minutes, 43 seconds on June 25, 2131. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit. [9]

Series members 40–61 occur between 1801 and 2200:
404142
SE1806Dec10A.gif
December 10, 1806
SE1824Dec20Am.gif
December 20, 1824
SE1842Dec31A.gif
December 31, 1842
434445
SE1861Jan11A.gif
January 11, 1861
SE1879Jan22A.gif
January 22, 1879
SE1897Feb01A.gif
February 1, 1897
464748
SE1915Feb14A.png
February 14, 1915
SE1933Feb24A.png
February 24, 1933
SE1951Mar07A.png
March 7, 1951
495051
SE1969Mar18A.png
March 18, 1969
SE1987Mar29H.png
March 29, 1987
SE2005Apr08H.png
April 8, 2005
525354
SE2023Apr20H.png
April 20, 2023
SE2041Apr30T.png
April 30, 2041
SE2059May11T.png
May 11, 2059
555657
SE2077May22T.png
May 22, 2077
SE2095Jun02T.png
June 2, 2095
Saros129 57van80 SE2113Jun13T.jpg
June 13, 2113
585960
Saros129 58van80 SE2131Jun25T.jpg
June 25, 2131
Saros129 59van80 SE2149Jul05T.jpg
July 5, 2149
Saros129 60van80 SE2167Jul16T.jpg
July 16, 2167
61
Saros129 61van80 SE2185Jul26T.jpg
July 26, 2185

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

22 eclipse events between December 2, 1880 and July 9, 1964
December 2–3September 20–21July 9–10April 26–28February 13–14
111113115117119
SE1880Dec02P.gif
December 2, 1880
SE1888Jul09P.gif
July 9, 1888
SE1892Apr26T.gif
April 26, 1892
SE1896Feb13A.png
February 13, 1896
121123125127129
SE1899Dec03A.gif
December 3, 1899
SE1903Sep21T.png
September 21, 1903
SE1907Jul10A.png
July 10, 1907
SE1911Apr28T.png
April 28, 1911
SE1915Feb14A.png
February 14, 1915
131133135137139
SE1918Dec03A.png
December 3, 1918
SE1922Sep21T.png
September 21, 1922
SE1926Jul09A.png
July 9, 1926
SE1930Apr28H.png
April 28, 1930
SE1934Feb14T.png
February 14, 1934
141143145147149
SE1937Dec02A.png
December 2, 1937
SE1941Sep21T.png
September 21, 1941
SE1945Jul09T.png
July 9, 1945
SE1949Apr28P.png
April 28, 1949
SE1953Feb14P.png
February 14, 1953
151153155
SE1956Dec02P.png
December 2, 1956
SE1960Sep20P.png
September 20, 1960
SE1964Jul09P.png
July 9, 1964

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1805Dec21A.gif
December 21, 1805
(Saros 119)
SE1816Nov19T.gif
November 19, 1816
(Saros 120)
SE1827Oct20H.gif
October 20, 1827
(Saros 121)
SE1838Sep18A.gif
September 18, 1838
(Saros 122)
SE1849Aug18T.gif
August 18, 1849
(Saros 123)
SE1860Jul18T.gif
July 18, 1860
(Saros 124)
SE1871Jun18A.gif
June 18, 1871
(Saros 125)
SE1882May17T.png
May 17, 1882
(Saros 126)
SE1893Apr16T.png
April 16, 1893
(Saros 127)
SE1904Mar17A.png
March 17, 1904
(Saros 128)
SE1915Feb14A.png
February 14, 1915
(Saros 129)
SE1926Jan14T.png
January 14, 1926
(Saros 130)
SE1936Dec13A.png
December 13, 1936
(Saros 131)
SE1947Nov12A.png
November 12, 1947
(Saros 132)
SE1958Oct12T.png
October 12, 1958
(Saros 133)
SE1969Sep11A.png
September 11, 1969
(Saros 134)
SE1980Aug10A.png
August 10, 1980
(Saros 135)
SE1991Jul11T.png
July 11, 1991
(Saros 136)
SE2002Jun10A.png
June 10, 2002
(Saros 137)
SE2013May10A.png
May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)
SE2024Apr08T.png
April 8, 2024
(Saros 139)
SE2035Mar09A.png
March 9, 2035
(Saros 140)
SE2046Feb05A.png
February 5, 2046
(Saros 141)
SE2057Jan05T.png
January 5, 2057
(Saros 142)
SE2067Dec06H.png
December 6, 2067
(Saros 143)
SE2078Nov04A.png
November 4, 2078
(Saros 144)
SE2089Oct04T.png
October 4, 2089
(Saros 145)
SE2100Sep04T.png
September 4, 2100
(Saros 146)
SE2111Aug04A.png
August 4, 2111
(Saros 147)
Saros148 27van75 SE2122Jul04T.jpg
July 4, 2122
(Saros 148)
SE2133Jun03T.png
June 3, 2133
(Saros 149)
Saros150 24van71 SE2144May03A.jpg
May 3, 2144
(Saros 150)
SE2155Apr02A.png
April 2, 2155
(Saros 151)
Saros152 21van70 SE2166Mar02T.jpg
March 2, 2166
(Saros 152)
Saros153 18van70 SE2177Jan29A.jpg
January 29, 2177
(Saros 153)
Saros154 16van71 SE2187Dec29A.jpg
December 29, 2187
(Saros 154)
SE2198Nov28T.png
November 28, 2198
(Saros 155)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
Saros126 37van72 SE1828Apr14H.jpg
April 14, 1828
(Saros 126)
SE1857Mar25T.png
March 25, 1857
(Saros 127)
SE1886Mar05A.gif
March 5, 1886
(Saros 128)
SE1915Feb14A.png
February 14, 1915
(Saros 129)
SE1944Jan25T.png
January 25, 1944
(Saros 130)
SE1973Jan04A.png
January 4, 1973
(Saros 131)
SE2001Dec14A.png
December 14, 2001
(Saros 132)
SE2030Nov25T.png
November 25, 2030
(Saros 133)
SE2059Nov05A.png
November 5, 2059
(Saros 134)
SE2088Oct14A.png
October 14, 2088
(Saros 135)
SE2117Sep26T.png
September 26, 2117
(Saros 136)
SE2146Sep06A.png
September 6, 2146
(Saros 137)
SE2175Aug16A.png
August 16, 2175
(Saros 138)

Notes

  1. "February 14, 1915 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  2. "PARTIAL ECLIPSE TO-DAY". The Sun. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 1915-02-14. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-11-12 via Newspapers.com.
  3. "PARTIAL ECLIPSE OF THE SUN". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Victoria, Australia. 1915-02-15. p. 10. Retrieved 2023-11-12 via Newspapers.com.
  4. "SOLAR ECLIPSE. LARGE SUN SPOT VISIBLE". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia. 1915-02-15. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-11-12 via Newspapers.com.
  5. "OLD SOL IS ECLIPSED, BUT NOT VISIBLE HERE". Vancouver Daily World. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 1915-02-15. p. 5. Retrieved 2023-11-12 via Newspapers.com.
  6. "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  7. "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1915 Feb 14". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  8. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  9. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 129". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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References